面向用户服务体系的图书馆形态

面向用户服务体系的流动图书馆、盲人图书馆、家庭虚拟图书馆、电视图书馆、手机图书馆和泛在图书馆的本质和使命就是为一切用户服务。     

医学图像精细化分割方法研究

指出了深度学习方法在医学图像分割中取得较大的进展,但医学图像处理的复杂性使得全自动分割方法难以取得较好的分割效果。在卷积网络分割的基础上,结合应用场景使用适当的后处理手段来提升图像的分割效果是一种比较有临床意义的研究方法。主要研究了基于概率图的全连接条件随机场模型和基于用户交互的深度编辑网络,并分析总结了这两种方法的实现原理和各自优势,并对未来的研究工作进行了一些展望。     

林业科研院所情报用户的情报需求及情报部门服务对策

在分析林业科研院所两种不同类型情报用户情报需求的基础上 ,提出情报部门应采取强化对口服务的对策 ,以及为提高服务效力应采取的手段和措施。     

An approach to determining forest areas with recreational potential: The case of forest areas around main transportation roads in the Maçka Region of Trabzon,Turkey

It is most important to determine areas with recreation potential that can permit sustainable use of forest resources and also meet recreational uses. Under the method described in this study, using the Geographic Information System (GIS), a spatial suitability model for recreational use was combined with a recreational priority perceptual suitability model that depends on principal component analysis (PCA) and is based on the perceptions of both recreational users and experts. Using principal component analysis, five priority components explaining 69.371% of the total variance were identified out of 12 perceptual suitability components. These components are scenic beauty, accessibility, the surface of the landscape, tree type, and forest stand condition. The recreation terrain suitability value of an area with recreational potential was assessed with the assistance of these five priority components. This enabled us to generate a recreation terrain suitability value equation and a recreation terrain suitability value scale for a potential recreation area. This applicability of this approach was demonstrated in the identification of potential recreation areas in Trabzon, Turkey.     

Empirical assessment of water management institutions in northern China

We examine the development of irrigation management in northern China using data from village and household panels. During the past decade, reform-oriented institutions, such as water user associations and contracting, have largely replaced the traditional institution of collective management in village-level irrigation systems. A feature unique to China is that water user associations and contractors are provided with monetary incentives to save water. Water user associations have not yet achieved the broad-based participation of farmers that some advocates consider as a primary goal for forming the associations. Many village leaders serve also as the leaders of water user associations, thus possibly reducing opportunities for receiving operational input and policy direction from farmers. However, we observe improved performance of irrigation systems managed by water user associations, relative to collective management, in terms of maintenance expenditures, the timeliness of water deliveries, and the rates of fee collection. Performance has improved also in systems managed by contractors, although not as substantially as in the case of water user associations.     

一种优化的基于协同过滤的农业信息推荐系统研究

随着信息爆炸而引发的信息过载和资源迷向的问题日趋严重,特别是对于农民来说,对计算机技术的掌握不多。为了向农民及时、方便、高效地提供其感兴趣的农业信息及知识,许多学者都对推荐系统技术进行了研究。为此,首先介绍了目前推荐系统的关键技术,并针对目前推荐系统中存在的用户评价矩阵稀疏问题提出了通过项目聚类来构造出一个无缺失的用户评价矩阵。考虑到农民行为差异性,在进行评价预测之前先对评分进行标准化处理。     

兰州百合真空干燥图形组态系统研制

为了实现各类生产数据的良性管理和干燥全过程的高效监控等质量保证措施,引入图形组态理念,从对干燥现场的分类抽象和对各类过程数据的动态重构入手,研制了基于Visual Graph图形开发工具和SQL 2005数据库的面向兰州百合真空干燥的图形组态系统,并应用于工程实践。同时探讨了图形组态系统网络化编辑和控制的实现策略。实际应用表明：兰州百合真空干燥图形组态系统能够增强多源异构数据的协调管理,实现干燥过程的高效监控,满足用户对操作界面直观简便的需求。     

高校新读者图书个性化推荐服务研究

[目的/意义]针对阻碍高校智慧图书馆对新读者进行图书个性化推荐的用户冷启动问题,提出一种面向新读者的高校图书馆个性化推荐方法,为智慧型高校图书馆开展图书个性化推荐服务、提高新读者借阅率提供切实可行的方案。[方法/过程]以北华大学图书馆借阅流通大数据进行数据挖掘,得出属性相似的新读者和已有读者具有相似借阅偏好的结论。然后,通过奇异值分解解决数据稀疏问题,采用基于欧氏距离的蚁群算法对新读者与已有读者聚类,搭建了新读者和已有读者之间关系的桥梁。最后将已有读者借阅的图书采取Top-N算法对新读者推荐。[结果/结论]以2017级读者为实验对象,选取了3个学院的44名读者,用所提出的算法进行了实验检验。实验结果表明新算法推荐效果显著,操作简单可行,为后续个性化推荐工作奠定了基础。     

Micro-nutrient composition and end-user acceptable quality in potato in Ethiopia

Micronutrient deficiencies in diets, including iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), are an important public health problem across population in Ethiopia. Potato is a modest source of dietary nutrients. The purpose of this study was to assess the mineral (Fe & Zn) composition of potato germplasm in Ethiopia and grower's willingness to try new potato types. The Fe and Zn contents were assessed in peeled tubers of popular farmer varieties, and newly introduced Andean diploid group Phureja accessions and improved tetraploid clones grown in multi-location trials. Grower's preferences for the new potato types was assessed using a participatory approach. Significant variations in mineral and tuber yield traits exist among the germplasm assessed and broad-sense heritability appears to be high for most traits measured, suggesting that progress through breeding can be made among these materials. However, the slightly negative correlation of tuber yield with Fe and Zn content and user appreciation traits found in this study suggests that progress in improving crops for yield and enhanced Fe and Zn concentrations with end-user acceptable quality will be challenging. The results from this study provide baseline information on Fe and Zn composition of many popular farmer varieties in Ethiopia and end-user preference criteria for evaluating new potato varieties that would help to orient the biofortification breeding to the conditions and preference of farmers.     

National Evaluation of User Profiles in Aquaculture

One problem with information delivery to a specific segment of the agricultural community is identifying the characteristics and needs of the end-user. Such a profile could be used for evaluation of the products or services provided. The Aquaculture Information Center of the National Agricultural Library was able to construct to such a profile based on historical data as well as current assessments from several United States aquaculture information groups. Analysis of this data provided specific and general direction for future products and services within the aquaculture information community. Findings also highlighted the important need for further tracking of such data, emphasis on continued networking among information groups, and creation of formal guidelines for aquaculture information access for the end-user.