常用软件绘制使用林地可行性报告附图方法的比较

使用林地可行性报告的附图是林业专题图类型之一。该类图纸是项目成果重要的组成部分,对文字内容具有补充和说明等作用。本文以一个简单的实例,比较了几类常用软件绘制专题图的各自特点,并简介了综合使用的方法。     

Use of real-time PCR to examine the relationship between disease severity in pea and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aphanomyces euteiches</Emphasis> DNA content in roots

Aphanomyces euteiches causes severe root rot of peas. Resistance is limited in commercial pea cultivars. Real-time fluorescent PCR assay specific for A. euteiches was used to study the relationship between disease severity and pathogen DNA content in infected peas. Five pea genotypes ranging in levels of resistance were inoculated with five isolates of A. euteiches. Plants were visually rated for disease development and the amount of pathogen DNA in roots was determined using the PCR assay. The susceptible genotypes Genie, DSP and Bolero tended to have significantly more disease and more pathogen DNA than the resistant genotypes 90-2079 and PI 180693. PI 180693 consistently had less disease, while 90-2079 had the lowest amount of pathogen DNA. The Spearman correlation between pathogen DNA quantity and disease development was positive and significant (P < 0.05) for three isolates, but was not significant for two other isolates. This suggests that the real-time PCR assay may have limited application as a selection tool for resistance in pea to A. euteiches. Its utility as a selection tool would be dependent on the correlation between disease development and pathogen DNA content for a given pathogen isolate. The accuracy and specificity of the real-time PCR assay suggests considerable application for the assay in the study of mechanisms of disease resistance and the study of microbial population dynamics in plants.     

Chemical changes of kenaf core binderless boards during hot pressing (I): influence of the pressing temperature condition

Self-bonding is the main factor of the performance expression of binderless boards, and therefore its clarification is considered to be an important issue. For this purpose, a series of chemical analyses were conducted on kenaf core binderless boards and their chemical changes during the hot-pressing process are discussed in this article. First of all, binderless boards were prepared from kenaf core powder at different pressing temperatures (without steam-explosion process) and were used for chemical analyses after they were reduced into powders and extracted with methanol. To investigate their chemical changes, lignin, holocellulose, and neutral sugar contents were determined, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were recorded, and the nitrobenzene oxidation procedure was applied. As a result, it was found that parts of lignin and hemicelullose were decomposed during the hot-pressing process; however, the contribution of the resulting fractions to selfbonding was not observed. In addition, progress of condensation reactions in lignin and the formation of chemical bonds by low molecular weight conjugated carbonyl compounds in methanol extractives were observed. Thermal softening of lignin is also suggested to play an important role in the expression of board performance.     

原料表面碱液处理对稻草碎料板力学性能的影响

在实验室条件下探索了稻草原料表面碱液处理对稻草碎料板力学性能的影响.试验表明,处理后的稻草碎料板的内结合强度比处理前有大幅度提高,弯曲弹性模量和静曲强度比处理前则有所下降,但都达到了相关的国家标准;2h吸水厚度膨胀率升高,超过国家标准.因此稻草表面碱液处理提高了稻草原料表面润湿性和胶合强度,但对稻草碎料板的力学性能有影响.     

桑树喷施磷酸二氢钾替代春季摘芯效果试验

通过试验得出，春期桑园喷施磷酸二氢钾不仅可以提高桑叶产量和实力利用率，还可以改善桑叶叶质。较春叶摘芯起到更好的效果。本文还提出了该药剂的实用喷施方法。     

病芽的不同处理对桑赤锈病流行的影响

在完全开放的自然环境中,桑赤锈病发病初期病芽的两种不同处理,对桑赤锈病流行趋势的影响是不同的,不剥除病芽处理区病情呈快速增长状态,拟合方程为:Y=5.82654-1.18242X 0.24296X2;剥除病芽处理区,病情稳定在较低水平,拟合方程为:Y=5.08598-2.6384X 0.4225X2-0.01865X3;方差分析表明,不同处理间的差异达到显著水平.二方程进行显著性检验分别达到了极显著和显著水平.说明剥除发病初期病芽对控制桑赤锈病流行效果显著,也可实现对桑赤锈病的可持续控制.     

半干旱草原主要植物光能和水分利用特征的研究

在植物生长季内测定了内蒙古半干旱草原6种主要植物的光合和水分利用特征，比较了植物之间在光能和水分利用方面的差异，认为水分利用效率难以反应植物对干旱的适应性，而其倒数－水分竞争系数是较好的表征指标；植物的光能利用效率和水分竞争系数之间存在补偿关系；半干旱草原主要植物适应环境的方式不同，它们在光能和水分资源生态位上存在分离。     

Analysis of FMO genes and off flavour in pork

Off flavours in pork sometimes produce tastes such as sourness, fishy, metallic or other non‐typical flavours and are often caused by low pH. Loss of function mutations in flavin containing mono‐oxygenase 3 (FMO3) are known to be associated with a fishy off flavour in both chicken eggs and cow's milk and a similar autosomal recessive disorder is present in humans resulting in a fishy odour. FMO3 is a member of a gene family that is clustered on human chromosome 1. Comparative mapping suggested that FMO3 and the remaining FMO genes (ex. FMO1 and FMO5) might map to the orthologous region on pig chromosome 9 (SSC9) where a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for off flavour was previously identified. Primers were designed to amplify FMO1, FMO3 and FMO5 gene fragments and several SNPs were discovered and genotyping tests developed. The genotypes from the Iowa State University Berkshire × Yorkshire resource population were used to linkage map FMO1 and FMO3 to SSC9 and FMO5 to pig chromosome 4 (SSC4). QTL and associations analyses were performed using the map containing FMO1 and FMO3. Results demonstrated that FMO3 and FMO1 mapped less than 1 cM away from the peak for the off flavour QTL previously detected on SSC9 and provide indications of an association between the FMO3 polymorphism and off flavour in pork.     

作物活体多探头测量仪的研制

采用TP—801单板机制作作物活体多探头测量仪。该机可在田间对生长状态下的农作物进行多点体内养分积累、运输、分配等测定,且结果可靠。     

小型渔船单拖网双缝口网板研究

为解决小型渔船单拖网平面矩形网板升阻比偏低、扩张力小、阻力大的问题,研制了双缝口平面矩形网板。14．1kW渔船,网板主尺度1．7m×0．5m,双缝口结构,第一缝口设在距网板前缘0．65m之处,缝口角度33°,缝口间距9cm,缝口尺度0．35cm×0．02m。海上生产试验表明;新型网板扩张力比普通网板提高18．7％以上,增加产量23．8～32．8％,增加产值31．1～40．6％。专家鉴定认为,本研究填补山东省空白,在同级单船底拖网产量中居国内领先水平。