The Stability of Quaternion Metrices and Their Judging Criteria

Some conceptions of stable quaternion matrices and some judging criteria are given.The Robrach theorem,Taussky theorem,Ostrowski Schneider theorem and Gerschgorin theorem are generalized to quaternion field.The conclusion about two quaternion matrices,i.e.,inferior positive matrices are unstable,interior negative matrices are stable and some other results are pointed out.     

Practical Criterion for Voltage Stability of Substation

This paper presents a new practical criterion for voltage stability based on the real-time information at the substation and the quasi-time information from power system.By using the criterion,it is effective to predict the bus voltage stability margin.This is of great importance to raise the security operation level and prevent voltage collapse.The practical criterion for voltage stability is tested on the IEEE-14-bus test system.It needs less calculation time and is very suitable for real-time control of power systems.     

The Monitoring Measurements and Country Rock Control of NATM in Tunnel of Express Road during Construction

In this paper the author' s study on the monitoring measurement technique of NATM,the regularity and conditions of the country rock deformation are analysed based on the site measurement data in the west section of Zhongliangshan tunnel. The regression analysis of measure data for different measure lines of vavious country rock is done by the use of self-compiled CRAP program. The stability criterion for various rockmass and optimum time for primary and permanent support are provided. The conclusion available could conduct the theoretical research of NATM deeply as well as tunnel design and construction.     

泵站技术改造可行性研究

本文提出泵站技术改造可行的判断指标含效率、流量和投资等诸因素,并应用系统工程的原理和方法,建立数学模型,通过电算寻求目标函数的最优值。为目前面广量大的中小型泵站技术改造的可行与否,提供科学的判断依据。     

Employing a Monte Carlo algorithm in expectation maximization restricted maximum likelihood estimation of the linear mixed model

Multiple‐trait and random regression models have multiplied the number of equations needed for the estimation of variance components. To avoid inversion or decomposition of a large coefficient matrix, we propose estimation of variance components by Monte Carlo expectation maximization restricted maximum likelihood (MC EM REML) for multiple‐trait linear mixed models. Implementation is based on full‐model sampling for calculating the prediction error variances required for EM REML. Performance of the analytical and the MC EM REML algorithm was compared using a simulated and a field data set. For field data, results from both algorithms corresponded well even with one MC sample within an MC EM REML round. The magnitude of the standard errors of estimated prediction error variances depended on the formula used to calculate them and on the MC sample size within an MC EM REML round. Sampling variation in MC EM REML did not impair the convergence behaviour of the solutions compared with analytical EM REML analysis. A convergence criterion that takes into account the sampling variation was developed to monitor convergence for the MC EM REML algorithm. For the field data set, MC EM REML proved far superior to analytical EM REML both in computing time and in memory need.     

基于混合差分AIC算法的植物茎体超声回波位置检测

在植物茎体超声回波检测中,超声一次回波位置的确定是超声检测的基础。因茎体为非均匀、强衰减的介质,超声在其传播过程中形成了复杂的传播路径,这导致超声一次回波位置不易判定。提出了混合差分的最小信息准则(Akaike of information criterion,AIC)算法,可自动有效地获取茎体超声一次回波位置信息。首先,分析该算法的实现过程并通过仿真实验验证了该检测方法的准确性;其次,以茎体木块为检测对象,分析了超声一次回波位置变化与茎体水分变化的关系,发现超声一次回波位置可有效跟踪茎体水分变化。最后,以不同土壤湿度环境下种植的向日葵为检测对象,在09:00—19:00期间完成向日葵茎体超声一次回波位置的动态检测。实验结果表明,向日葵茎体超声一次回波位置的变化与土壤湿度变化呈正相关。不同土壤湿度的向日葵茎体超声检测差异明显:当土壤短时缺水,茎体超声一次回波位置与土壤水分变化波动明显,符合因短时缺水导致的植物抗旱调节活动与正常的水分吸收与蒸腾活动不断转换的生理活动特点;当土壤水分充盈时,茎体超声一次回波位置和土壤水分变化缓和,同时,在11:00—12:00期间,出现土壤水分最小值与超声一次回波位置最大值,符合因蒸腾作用导致茎体水分下降的生理特点。混合差分AIC算法可自动、有效地获取植物茎体的超声一次回波位置,该信息可作为动态跟踪植物茎体生长状态的检测特征。     

西部生态脆弱区典型县域农用地质量等别对比研究

以云南陆良、重庆丰都、陕西凤翔、新疆阿勒泰以及内蒙古达拉特为例,基于农用地分等成果,对五县农用地质量等别特征及其差异状况进行了对比研究,在此基础上,探讨了五县国家级自然质量等别、利用等别及经济等别与县域内标准耕作制度、农用地结构、土壤条件及灌排条件的相关关系,查明了农用地质量等别限制因素。结果表明:以上述五县为代表的西部地区农用地等别总体偏低,农用地多为中等地和低等地,高等地分布较少,优等地无分布;五县之间等别差异较明显,农用地质量从优至劣大致顺序为陕西凤翔、云南陆良、重庆丰都、新疆阿勒泰、内蒙古达拉特;五县国家级农用地等别与标准耕作制度、土壤条件以及灌排条件密切相关,应根据不同生态脆弱类型区的主导限制因素,制定相应的农用地质量提升策略。     

Improving Soil Fertility to Support Grass–Legume Revegetation on Lignite Mine Spoils

The short-term sequential effects of different treatments on soil fertility and revegetation of mine spoils were examined in a lignite mine in northwestern Spain. Experimental plots were established both on old and recent spoils after tillage and treated with compost or nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), + magnesium limestone before seeding with a grass–legume species mixture. Compost improved plant production and, contrary to NPK, maintained soil N levels and supplied enough P for the establishment and early growth of the vegetation. Severe magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and K limitations in recent spoils were only alleviated by compost + magnesium limestone, allowing the rapid growth and coating of the soil surface. The amendment based on NPK + magnesium limestone improved plant production in the short term but caused proliferation of weeds. Results suggest that revegetation in combination with the appropriate amendments is a key issue for the reclamation of lignite mine spoils.     

THE MIXED MODE FRACTURE CRITERION OF BRITTLE ROCK UNDER COMPRESSION-SHEAR STRESS STATE

In this paper the test results of mixed mode fracture of three kinds of brittle rock under two kinds of stress paths are reported. The fracture mechanism and failure patterns of brittle lock under different stress paths are discussed. Theory analysis and test results show that the Compression- Shear fracture criterion of brittle rock can be expressed:     

我国湿地公园建设发展限制因素与对策

湿地公园建设既是湿地生态恢复的新型模式,也是湿地保护与合理利用的最有效方式。阐述了我国湿地公园建设现状,分析了湿地公园建设和管理存在的问题,针对主要限制因素提出了对策建议。