德南牛全基因组变异解析和功能基因挖掘

[目的]研究德南牛的群体遗传结构和解析影响其重要性状的关键基因。[方法]通过主成分分析、群体进化树分析、群体遗传结构分析等方法,研究德南牛的遗传结构和与其他品种的亲缘关系;同时,利用全基因组SNP数据,计算德南牛与德国黄牛、南阳牛群体固定指数(Fst)和核苷酸多样性比值(π ratio)、复合似然比(CLR)、XP-EHH等多种选择信号指标,以筛选出德南牛基因组上受到选择的信号,鉴定出重要的候选基因。[结果] 德南牛具有欧洲普通牛(0.789)、东亚牛(0.176)、中国瘤牛(0.035)的混合血统。在θπ和CLR方法中鉴定出93个共有基因,使用FST和XP-EHH方法鉴定出17个共有基因。进行富集以及基因功能注释后,发现这些基因可能与生殖性能(TUBB3、NSD2、GRM1、ERBB4)、生长性状(RFX3、FGFR3、GABRB1、PDE4D)、环境适应性(PGR、GRIA4)和免疫系统反应(P2RY12、P2RY13、GPR87、P2RY14、GPR171)有关。[结论]本项研究发现德南牛血统受德国黄牛影响较多,且挖掘了德南牛基因组内可能具有经济意义的性状相关的选择特征,为德南牛种群的选育提高提供理论支撑。     

铣削刀具不同磨损期振动信号的分维特征

提出了应用铣削刀具磨损工作状态下的振动加速度信号的关联维数来描述刀具不同磨损状态下的特征,进而实现对状态的监测、识别。试验证明,刀具磨损在相同状态下,振动信号具有相近的关联维数,在不同状态下则有明显的关联维数。因此,关联维数不仅可以作为状态监测与识别的重要依据,而且可以作为其他特征提取方法的补充。     

优质杂交晚籼稻新组合乐优97的选育及栽培制种技术

乐优97是一种典型的晚籼型三系杂交水稻良种,于2022年通过中国国家农作物品种审定委员会审定,系由合肥丰乐种业股份有限公司所属的水稻研究院通过自己创制的三系不育系409A与恢复系R977 杂交选育而成的高产、优质、抗倒杂交晚籼型新型组合。文中详细尽介绍了乐优97的选育步骤,重点介绍了乐优97的特征特性,并归纳出了乐优97优质高产栽培技术及其制种技术关键要点,希望为该产品的以后大规模推广种植打下基础。     

Effects of Energy,Protein and Amino Acids Levels on the Development of Mammary Gland and the Growth of Fetus in Sows at Late Gestation

Late gestation is an important period for rapid development of the sow's mammary gland and fetus. It is becoming more and more important to provide a suitable nutrient level in late gestation period for improve the reproductive efficiency of sow. Demand of energy, protein and amino acids for mammary gland and fetus in sows at late gestation are different. To provide reasonable nutrition for fetus, at the same time for the needs of mammary gland are still seldom reported. In this paper, the effects of dietary energy, protein and amino acids levels on the development of mammary gland and the growth of fetus were reviewed,the authors propose the requirement of energy, protein amino acid and reasonable proportion in sows at late gestation, in order to give some guidance for pig farmers.     

坡耕地地表糙度的量测与计算

在回顾了地表糙度的测量和计算方法后,经实验证实,Brough D L,Linden D R和Van Doren D M等人提出的糙度测量和计算方法,均能满足黄土高原坡耕地人为耕作管理形成的微地形特征的研究需求。     

不同覆土厚度对伊犁地区公路护坡植被质量的影响

为提高伊犁地区公路建设中的边坡植被防护质量,促进公路建设与生态环境的和谐发展,依托S242线巩留至尼勒克公路开展了实地边坡试验,利用灰色关联度的分析方法,对5 cm、10 cm、15 cm、20 cm四种表土回填厚度处理的边坡植被建植质量进行了研究。结果表明：随着覆土厚度的增加,公路边坡护坡植被质量逐渐增加,土壤砂粒减小了15%~23%,粉粒含量增加了18%~23%,土壤质地由壤土转变为粉砂质壤土;不同处理下的土壤孔隙度、土壤抗蚀指数、土壤抗冲系数差异显著,其对应的灰色关联度值分别为0.74,0.72,0.71,相比其他指标对护坡植被质量的影响更大;覆土20 cm小区的综合评判值G （k）最大（0.83）,说明在本研究中覆土20 cm小区的护坡植被质量最好。     

应用层次分析法研究公路边坡草种适应性

应用层次分析法，对中亚热带紫色砂岩地区护坡草种20个指标属性进行,得出其几个重要指标，按权重大小，依次是抗旱性，盖度，地上植物量，耐贫瘠性，地下植物量，抗寒性，绿期，根长。通过在新建公路边坡的种植试验，应用层次分析法，对4种豆科和19种禾本科牧草和草坪草的生态适应性和护坡效用进行综合评价。     

高速公路边坡生态恢复技术进展

论述了高速公路给生态环境带来的影响,总结了国内外高速公路边坡生态恢复的研究现状和常用的边坡防护技术,提出工程防护与植物防护有机结合的生态防护是高速公路边坡生态恢复的重要措施。同时指出了我国高速公路边坡的生态恢复在技术模式、植物选择、施工与养护等方面存在的问题;提出要建立适用于不同路域的生态恢复模式、选用乔灌草有机搭配的乡土植物、加强有效监督机制与后期养护和环境评估等建议。     

高等级公路生物护坡工程模式设计

根据高等级公路边坡的土体特性 ,将边坡分成硬质材料覆盖坡面、松软基质坡面、紧实基质坡面三种类型 ,按照不同类型边坡的土壤组成结构、坡角大小及物种选择的理论依据和生物护坡工程实践 ,提出了各类型的边坡应采取的绿化施工手段及物种选择与组合搭配的一般规律     

EFFECT OF HYDRATION ON SIGNAL INTENSITY OF GELATIN PHANTOMS USING LOW-FIELD MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING: POSSIBLE APPLICATION IN OSTEOARTHRITIS

Five gelatin phantoms were constructed to study the effect of matrical hydration on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal intensity using a low-field strength imager. Water content of the phantoms ranged from 75 to 95% weight/weight. Signal intensity values of each phantom were measured using five imaging sequences: proton density, T1-weighted, T2-weighted, inversion recovery with short inversion time, and inversion recovery with long inversion time. There was significant positive correlation (p < .05) of signal intensity with differences in hydration using the T2-weighted sequence and the inversion recovery sequence with short inversion time. Significant negative correlations (p < .05) were found with T1-weighted imaging and the inversion recovery sequence with long inversion time. In a second part of the study, in vivo focal variations in MRI signal intensity were evaluated in a canine cranial cruciate ligament deficient model of osteoarthritis. Signal intensity measurements were obtained from multiple areas of articular cartilage to identify an initial stage in osteoarthritis that is characterized in part by increased hydration of articular cartilage. At 6 weeks post-transection of the cranial cruciate ligament, an increase in signal intensity was detected in the articular cartilage of the weight-bearing portion of the lateral femoral condyle and the caudal portion of the medial tibial condyle with T1-weighted imaging. The increase in signal intensity may reflect increased proteoglycan synthesis by chondrocytes that also occurs early in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.