不同海拔下甲醇替代率和主喷正时对RCCI发动机性能的影响

为探究不同海拔条件下甲醇/柴油反应活性控制压燃（reactivity controlled compression ignition, RCCI）发动机的运行特性,该研究基于甲醇/柴油双燃料发动机试验台架,试验研究1 800r/min、100%负荷和3 200r/min、100%负荷下不同甲醇替代率、柴油喷射正时对发动机燃烧与排放性能的影响规律。结果表明：不同海拔条件下随着甲醇替代率的增加,缸压和瞬时放热率峰值逐渐升高,燃烧始点和燃烧中心前移,当量有效燃油消耗率（equivalent brake specific fuel consumption, ESFC）降低,有效热效率升高,NO_x和碳烟排放大幅降低,THC（total hydrocarbons）和CO排放增加。1 800 r/min、100%负荷工况下,甲醇替代率由0增至20%,0、1 000、2 000m海拔下最大缸压平均增加1.72MPa,瞬时放热率峰值平均升高25.08J/(°),ESFC平均降低4.67%,有效热效率平均升高4.90%,NO_x和碳烟排放分别平均降低16.63%和50%,THC和CO排放量分别平均增加142.03、388.18 mg/kg。3 200 r/min下甲醇替代率由0增至7%,不同海拔高度下ESFC平均降低1.76%,有效热效率平均升高1.79%,NO_x和碳烟排放量分别平均降低8.17%和20.70%。海拔高度由0升至2 000m,1 800r/min、20%甲醇替代率与3 200r/min、7%甲醇替代率下,瞬时放热率峰值分别降低4.80和8.08J/(°),燃烧中心分别推迟1.44°和1.43°,有效热效率分别降低0.82%和0.68%,ESFC分别升高2.10%和1.99%,NO_x排放量分别减少10.61%和7.35%,碳烟排放分别增加26.54%和32.12%,THC排放分别升高29.88%和15.45%,CO排放量分别增加22.42%和18.15%。固定甲醇替代率后,随着柴油主喷正时提前,不同海拔条件下缸压和放热率峰值逐渐升高,燃烧中心向上止点靠近,ESFC逐渐降低,有效热效率升高,碳烟排放减少,NO_x、THC和CO排放增加。1 800 r/min、15%甲醇替代率下,主喷正时从-1.5°提前至-7.5°,不同海拔高度下ESFC平均降低8.27%,有效热效率平均升高9.08%,碳烟排放平均减少90.94%。为提升高海拔条件下甲醇/柴油RCCI发动机的热效率和燃油经济性,可以适当增大柴油主喷正时。研究结果可为不同海拔环境下甲醇/柴油RCCI发动机燃烧与污染物排放控制优化提供参考。     

黄芪多糖注射液中非法添加林可霉素检查方法的研究

为建立黄芪多糖注射液中非法添加林可霉素的检查方法,采用薄层色谱法初筛出黄芪多糖注射液中非法添加林可霉素的样品,而后用HPLC-PDAD法检测,液相色谱条件:采用Atlantis~#174;T 3(十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶,4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为0.02 mol/L的磷酸氢二铵-乙腈(70∶30),流速为1.0 m L/min,检测波长为194 nm,最后用LC-MS法进行确证。结合薄层色谱、高效液相色谱光谱图以及质谱的分子离子峰等方面信息,证明该样品中确实非法添加了林可霉素,其中HPLC-PDAD法平均回收率为97.8%,RSD为1.4%,检出限为6μg/m L。该检测方法准确可靠,可用于黄芪多糖注射液中非法添加林可霉素的检测。     

抗菌肽Thanatin转基因小鼠建立的初步研究

人工合成抗菌肽Thanatin基因的3条片段,利用重叠延伸PCR扩增技术得到完整的Thanatin基因,通过分子克隆方法构建出pIRES2-EGFP-Thanatin重组表达载体。然后与脂质体混合,采用睾丸打点注射将新构建的抗菌肽基因注入小鼠睾丸内,共注射公鼠5只。6周后与雌鼠交配,对新生仔鼠进行断尾,提取尾尖基因组DNA,利用PCR和Southern印迹方法对其进行检测。结果显示,得到的52只新生仔鼠中PCR检测阳性率为38.46%,Southern印迹检测阳性率为30.77%;在活体荧光成像系统下转基因小鼠呈现绿色荧光表达。通过睾丸注射法使Thanatin基因在小鼠的基因组中得到整合,为进一步研究抗菌肽的作用机理、培育抗病动物品种以及通过建立转基因动物生物反应器进行抗菌肽的大量生产奠定了基础。     

Injection of the insertion of the deep digital flexor tendon in horses using radiographic guidance

Insertional tendinopathies of the DDFT have been reported both as the sole lesion and as part of a multifocal lesion (Dyson et al. 2003). Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging allow specific diagnosis of deep digital flexor tendon lesions within the hoof capsule; however, direct intralesional treatment of such lesions is difficult because of the hoof's rigid structure. A technique designed to mimic intralesional injection of insertional tendinopathies of the DDFT in the standing horse using radiographic guidance was assessed. Radiographic and contrast CT imaging and sectioning of the limbs confirmed accurate injection in all cases although inadvertant administration of injectate into adjacent structures was also evident.     

Establishment of Detection Methods for Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate in Injections by UPLC-PDA

A detection method of dexamethasone sodium phosphate in houttuynia injection,bupleurum injection,vitamin C injection,lincomycin hydrochloride injection,and asragulus polysacharin injection was established by UPLC-PDA.The Waters ACQUITY UPLC^® BEH C18 column(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7 μm) was used,the mobile phase consisted of 0.75% triethylamine phosphatic liquor/solution (pH 3.0)-methyl alcohol-acetonitrile(50:45:5),the flow rate was 0.3 mL/min,the column temperature had remained 25℃,photodiode array detector wavelength range was 190 to 400 nm,the recorded wavelength was 242 nm,the injection volume was 10 μL.The linear range of dexamethasone sodium phosphatel was 10.0 to 200.0 mg/L (R²=0.9999),the mean recovery and RSD for dexamethasone sodium phosphate in houttuynia injection,bupleurum injection,vitamin C injection,lincomycin hydrochloride injection and asragulus polysacharin injection were 97.54% and 1.14%,101.59% and 0.19%,100.92% and 0.92%,99.82% and 0.73%,100.08% and 0.62%,respectively.This method was accurate,easy and fast,it was suitable for detection of dexamethasone sodium phosphatein houttuynia injection and other four kinds of injections.     

复方恩诺沙星注射液对人工诱发猪气喘病的治疗效果研究

复方恩诺沙星注射液能有效控制猪气喘病感染,缓解症状,降低支原体感染猪的发病率和死亡率,并在一定程度上减少成活猪的体重下降,效果优于单方的恩诺沙星注射液和磺胺嘧啶钠注射液,在临床上有一定的实用价值。作者采用 0.04、0.08、0.12 mL/kg体重的2.5%复方恩诺沙星注射液分别对人工诱发猪气喘病进行肌肉注射治疗,结果表明,肌肉注射0.08 mL/kg体重复方恩诺沙星效果较好。     

猪泛素基因与PRRSV GP5基因融合表达质粒的构建及其免疫效果

构建了泛素（ubiquitin，Ub）基因与密码子优化的PRRSVGP5蛋白（optiGP5）基因融合表达质粒pIR—Ub—optiGP5。间接免疫荧光和Western—blot分析表明，重组质粒转染293T细胞后能够瞬时表达。将pIR—optiGP5和pIR—Ub—optiGP5两种质粒DNA肌肉注射免疫BALB／c小鼠后，分别检测小鼠血清中抗GP5抗体、T淋巴细胞的增殖能力以及CTL活性。结果显示，pIR—optiGP5质粒免疫组在二免后可以检测到荧光抗体，而pIR—Ub—optiGP5质粒免疫组一直未检测到抗GP5抗体，但该免疫组的T淋巴细胞增殖指数及针对GP5的特异性CTL反应数值明显高于pIR—optiGP5质粒免疫组。这表明泛素与GP5的融合表达可增强细胞免疫反应。     

苦马豆素人工抗原免疫山羊的安全性试验

试验通过分析疯草毒素人工抗原(疫苗)SW BSA免疫山羊时对机体肝功、肾功的影响,进行安全性评价。将30只羊随机分为对照组(6只)、免疫A组(12只)、免疫B组(12只),免疫组依次进行基础免疫、首免、加强免疫,每次免疫前进行采血,分析血清中谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)、尿素氮(BUN)、α苷露糖苷酶(AMA)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的变化,同时检测尿液中有无SW。结果表明,免疫组与对照组的血清GPT、GOT、BUN、AMA、AKP、LDH差异均不显著(P>0.05),尿液中未检查出SW。     

抑制素免疫及其基因工程疫苗的构建

本文叙述了抑制素的特性、免疫原性及来源途径,并论述了其对提高家畜繁殖力的作用,同时提出了抑制素基因疫苗构建的方法及基因疫苗的优势。     

Rabies Antibodies in Vaccinated Dogs

Forty-seven healthy, owned dogs were vaccinated with Madivak and 85 with Rabisin. Geometric mean titres of 17.40 and 1.03 IU/ml were measured by the rapid immunofluorescent focus inhibition test 30–40 and 350–370 days, respectively, after a single injection. Four out of 130 (3.1%) and 18 out of 106 (17% ) dogs had a titre of less than 0.5 IU/ml in serum 30–40 and 350–370 days after vaccination. Twenty-one dogs (19.8%) had a titre of 0.5 IU/ml 350–370 days after vaccinaton. There was no significant difference in antibody levels between animals vaccinated with Rabisin or Madivak. Our results indicate that a booster is always necessary after a single injection to ensure that all dogs have a lasting antibody titre.