Yield Stability of Winter Wheat (Triticum sp.) Cultivars and Lines

The purpose of this study was to compare responsiveness to environment as well as the stability of newly developed promising lines with traditional commercial cultivars. Subject research was conducted in Ankara between 1983-1989 on common and durum wheat cultivars and lines. Regression coefficient (b) was used as the criterion of genotypes' responsiveness to environment whereas deviation from regression (S²d) and coefficient of determination (r²) were used as stability parameters. Each experiment year was regarded as an environment and yield average of each year was used as the environmental index.
In consequence of the research, it was determined that new varieties with high yield, adaptable to diverse environments could be developed by means of hybridizations between parents having different genetic characteristics which were provided from diverse ecological regions.     

几种微量元素对动物生殖毒性的研究进展

随着微量元素饲料添加剂的广泛应用,其对动物的生殖毒性已经引起了人们的关注。文章就微量元素氟、砷?锰?镍、硒对动物生殖的毒性作用作了简要的综述。     

A GIS-based plant prediction model for wetland ecosystems

An existing non-spatial model for the prediction of response of wetland plant species on ecological factors has been transformed into a GIS-based prediction model which produces spatial output at the landscape scale. The input, spatial patterns of the ecological factors, were constructed with geostatistical spatial interpolation (kriging). With this GIS-based model the spatial patterns of presence and absence of 78 wetland plant species are predicted for an area with wetlands in the Netherlands of approximately 500 square kilometers. The GIS-based model has been validated, and the estimated uncertainty of the input has been propagated through the model. At the species level the output shows spatially coherent and non-random patterns. The validation is affected by the propagation of input errors through the model. The number of valid predictions declines approximately 10–20% when 95% confidence intervals are used in the validation. This study shows that it is feasible to use a geostatistical interpolation method to construct spatial patterns of ecological factors on a landscape scale and to use these patterns as input for a GIS-based prediction model. The added uncertainty on the input values however, affects the number of valid predictions of the model.     

马铃薯甲虫空间分布型及序贯抽样

马铃薯甲虫Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say是一种重要的害虫,为明确其在新疆的空间分布,及时采取有效的防控措施,在田间调查的基础上,采取随机取样和Iwao回归分析法对新疆乌鲁木齐地区的马铃薯甲虫成虫、卵块和幼虫的空间分布型、理论抽样数及幼虫的序贯抽样方法进行了研究。结果表明,马铃薯甲虫各虫态空间格局的聚块性指标均大于1,空间分布型为普通群聚型;对低龄幼虫进行序贯抽样,当防治阈值为50头/样方、置信水平为1.96时,防治上、下限方程分别为:d1=50n+81n和d0=50n-81n,当百株虫量达到756头以上时需要进行防治。     

脐橙糖度光谱图像检测技术研究

对采集到的不同波长的光谱图像灰度分布进行洛伦茨分布(LD)、高斯分布(GD)、指数分布(ED)函数拟合,通过比较发现洛伦茨分布为最优灰度分布拟合函数.将脐橙的糖度与洛伦茨分布函数拟合所得参数分别进行多元线性回归,建立最佳单波长、最佳双波长组合、最佳三波长组合和最佳四波长组合的校正方程.结果表明:利用光谱图像技术无损检测脐橙糖度是可行性的.     

狂犬病毒中和抗体检测试验中病毒回归试验的重要性

狂犬病毒中和试验的病毒回归试验表明,病毒攻毒液的实际剂量与理论剂量不完全一致.建议在新版<中华人民共和国兽用生物制品质量标准>中增加对病毒攻毒实际剂量范围的规定,以使结果的判定更为合理.     

深井离心泵的水力设计和二次回归正交试验

根据研发新型井泵节能节材的要求,将水力设计与计算流体动力学技术和二次回归正交试验方法相结合,进行提高井泵效率的试验研究.试验选择深井离心泵的叶轮出口安放角和出口宽度两个几何因素,按二次回归正交试验方案,设计了10副叶轮.通过计算流体动力学技术对包含叶轮、导叶在内的两级新型深井离心泵的全流场进行了设计工况下的三维流场数值模拟,得到了10组设计方案额定点的效率值.通过二次回归正交试验法研究了叶轮出口安放角、出口宽度对效率的影响规律,根据计算结果对新型深井离心泵效率提出了二次回归约束方程.结果表明,采用叶轮极大直径设计法对提高新型深井离心泵的水力效率具有一定的参考价值.     

云南省农户沼气使用意愿的影响因素研究

利用云南省13个州(市)25县(市、区)25个村的1 225份样本农户问卷调查数据,采用因子分析和Logistic回归分析方法,分析了影响农户沼气使用意愿的显著因素,得出以下结论:有5个因素对农户目前沼气的使用情况有显著影响,根据影响的程度依次为家庭劳动力数量(f1)、沼气的通达性(f4)、农户饲养牲畜状况(f5)、家庭经济状况(f3)、耕地面积(f2)。建议今后在制定农村沼气发展政策时应更加注重后续服务体系、标准体系和新技术推广体系建设。     

复盐胁迫对几种燕麦种子萌发指数的影响

采用加拿大7种燕麦(A.nuda)种子,在不同梯度的Na2SO4、NaCl等组分盐溶液中进行发芽试验.结果表明:复盐胁迫下,种子开始发芽的时间推迟,发芽过程延长,随着盐胁迫浓度的增加,7种燕麦种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数、简易活力指数均有不同程度的降低,而盐害指数升高,且不同品种间存在显著或极显著差异;随复盐浓度的增...     

Soil texture affects the conversion factor of electrical conductivity from 1:5 soil-water to saturated paste extracts

Electrical conductivity(EC) of soil-water extracts is commonly used to assess soil salinity. However, its conversion to the EC of saturated soil paste extracts(ECe), the standard measure of soil salinity, is currently required for practical applications. Although many regression models can be used to obtain ECe from the EC of soil-water extracts, the application of a site-specific model to different sites is not straightforward due to confounding soil factors such as soil texture. This study was...