Effects of Sini decoction on the ultrastructure of small intestinal epithelial cells in rats with intestinal ischemia-reperfusion

AIM: To investigate the effect of Sini decoction (SND)on the ultrastructure of small intestinal epithelial cells in rats with intestinal ischemia-reperfusion. METHODS: Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes were randomly divided into 4 groups: (1) Control group in which sham operation was performed; (2) Model group in which intestinal I/R was produced by clamping super mesenteric artery(SMA) for 1 hour and declamping SMA for 3 hours; (3) SND1 group in which SD (0.6 g/200 g rat) was given via stomach tube 3 d before intestinal I/R; (4) SND2 group in which SD (1.2 g/200 g rat)was given via stomach tube 3 d before intestinal I/R. A strip of small intestine was taken from distal end of ileum for electron microscopic examination. The two-dimensional structural parameters and three-dimensional structural parameters of mitochondria were calculated. RESULTS: (1)Morphological changes of small intestine: In control group, epithelial cells were orderly arranged, with normal mitochondria and intestinal villi. In model group, the gaps between epithelial cells widened. There were a lot of apoptotic cells. Microvilli were short and swelled. Mitochondria were swelled obviously with broken ridges. Endoplasmatic reticulum was severely dilated. In SND1 and SND2 groups, microvilli and epithelial cells were orderly arranged relatively, mitochondria was slightly swelled. (2) Structural parameters of mitochondria: In model group, there were the least mitochondria and the swelling of mitochondria was severe. In SND1 and SND2 groups, the mitochondria was more than that of model group and the swelling were slight. CONCLUSION: Sini decoction can protect small intestine from ischemia-reperfusion injury without dose-dependent effect.     

Effects of Yangxue-Jiedu decoction on imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like lesions in STAT3 transgenic mice

AIM: To observe the effects of Yangxue-Jiedu (YXJD) decoction on imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like lesions in STAT3 transgenic mice.METHODS: STAT3 transgenic mice (n=24) were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (using purified water for oral administration), model group (topical 5% imiquimod 42 mg and using purified water for oral administration), YXJD groups (topical 5% imiquimod 42 mg and using YXJD decoction for oral administration), and methotrexate (MTX) group (1 mg/kg MTX solution for oral administration, with the same topical imiquimod as model group). On day 7, the skin lesions were collected for examination. The lesions were evaluated according to the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI). The skin barrier function was evaluated by assessing oil and water components in the skin. The inflammation of psoriasis-like lesions was assessed by histological method. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and CD3 was assessed by immunohistochemical staining. The mRNA expression of IL-17A, IL-17C, IL-22 and RORγt was detected by real-time PCR. The levels of JAK/STAT3 pathway-related proteins in isolated T cells were determined by Western blot.RESULTS: Administration of YXJD decoction inhibited imiquimod-induced keratinocyte proliferation and infiltration of CD3⁺ T cells in psoriatic lesions, and ameliorated the epidermal barrier by up-regulation of the oil and water components in psoriatic lesions. Meanwhile, administration of YXJD decoction improved the systemic immune responses by reducing the weight of the spleen. The inflammatory cytokines IL-17A, IL-17C, IL-22 and RoRγt, and the levels of JAK/STAT3 pathway-related proteins STAT3, p-STAT3, JAK3 and p-JAK3 were decreased by administration of YXJD decoction.CONCLUSION: YXJD decoction likely alleviates imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like lesions in the STAT3 transgenic mice by inhibiting the phosphorylation of STAT3, and reducing the expression of IL-17A, IL-17C, IL-22 and RORγt.     

含水量与包装方法对大黄品质的影响

通过观察比较不同含水量和包装方法下大黄的外观及品质变化,探寻一种经济实用的大黄包装储藏方法。结果表明,大黄最佳包装条件为含水量16%～18%时采用抽真空包装。该条件下大黄未发生霉变,质量损耗为2.79 g;蒽醌含量可达1.89%,浸出物含量可达31.50%。     

益肝明目汤治疗糖尿病黄斑水肿的疗效分析

目的 观察益肝明目汤治疗糖尿病黄斑水肿的临床疗效。方法 将49例（91眼）糖尿病黄斑水肿患者随机分为两组,观察组25例49眼,口服益肝明目汤治疗;对照组24例42眼,采用醋酸曲安奈德球后注射治疗,疗程6个月。观察两组患者治疗后视力及黄斑水肿的变化情况,比较两组的综合疗效。结果 治疗6个月后,观察组总有效率93.9%;对照组总有效率76.2%,观察组综合疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 益肝明目汤治疗糖尿病黄斑水肿远期疗效优于曲安奈德,值得临床推广应用。     

当归·黄芪及当归补血汤中元素形态分析

[目的]分析当归、黄芪及当归补血汤中的元素形态。[方法]采取中药常用煎煮方法对当归、黄芪及当归补血汤中Ca、Cu、Fe、Mg、Mn、Sr和Zn7种元素进行提取;用0.45μm滤膜分离煎液中的可溶态和不溶态;利用XAD-2大孔树脂将可溶态中元素分为有机态和无机态;采用ICP-AES法对各种形态中的7种元素进行测定。[结果]结果表明:当归、黄芪、当归补血汤药材及煎液中Ca、Fe、Mg、Zn的含量较高,7种金属元素的煎出率在8.77%~76.49%,煎液中各元素主要以可溶态形式存在,而在可溶态中又主要以无机态形式存在,当归、黄芪配伍共煎后对各元素形态变化并无规律性整体增加或减少。[结论]为进一步分析中药中金属元素的存在形态,深入探讨金属元素在中药药材、药效方面的作用机制提供了一定的理论基础。     

青海不同产区大黄的X-射线衍射图谱研究（摘要）

[目的]为区分不同产地大黄药材的质量及鉴别提供依据。[方法]将供试材料青海玉树掌叶大黄（样品1）、青海海南唐古特大黄（样品2）与青海果洛唐古特大黄（样品3）分别粉碎成粉末,过100目筛,即可供X射线衍射试验用。设定管压30 kV,管流20 mA,2θ扫描范围3°～90°,扫描速度0.06°/s,每种样时间0.5 s,获得3种不同产区大黄的X-射线衍射图谱。试验数据以晶面间距d与特征峰相对强度L/Io表示,记为d/（I/Io）。将试验数据导入中药指纹图谱相似度计算软件,经选峰,设定匹配模板,将谱峰自动匹配,然后设定标准模板,进行谱峰差异性评价和整体相似性评价。[结果]样品1中所含的化学成分与样品2相同,但峰的强度（I/Io）不同,表明相同成分在两种样品中的含量不相等。同样把样品3的图谱与其他两个样品进行比较,也会得到相同的衍射峰值。表明不同产区的大黄中各化学成分的含量有差异,但其衍射图谱及衍射峰值具有一定的指纹特征。[结论]X-射线衍射法是鉴别不同产区的大黄及其他中药材的一种快捷有效的方法。     

HPLC法测定大黄药材中5种游离蒽醌的含量

[目的]建立HPLC法同时测定大黄中芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚含量,并对不同产地的大黄样品进行测定。[方法]采用依利特ODS2 C18柱(200 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为无水甲醇-浓度0.1%磷酸(75∶25,V/V),流速为1 ml/min,检测波长为254 nm,柱温25℃。[结果]芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚的线性回归方程分别为:Y=1.96X-0.25,相关系数R=0.999 94;Y=2.45 X+0.18,相关系数R=0.999 94;Y=1.91 X+0.05,相关系数R=0.999 90;Y=1.25 X-0.06,相关系数R=0.999 95;Y=0.96 X-0.20,相关系数R=0.999 98;平均回收率分别为99.39%、98.84%、98.94%、99.11%和98.37%。[结论]该方法简单、快速、重现性好、结果准确,可用于大黄药材品质评价与质量检测。     

降糖益肾方干预胰岛素信号通路改善转基因 2型糖尿病1VIKR鼠肾损伤的研究

目的观察降糖益肾方对高脂饮食转基因2型糖尿病MKR鼠血糖、血胰岛素及肾皮质中胰岛素受体、磷脂酞肌醇-3一激酶蛋白表达的影响、方法选取MKR鼠40只经鉴定后,随机分为MKR鼠组、MKR鼠高脂组、降糖益肾方组和糖适贝那组〔MKR鼠组用基础饲料喂养,MKR鼠高脂组、降糖益肾方组和糖适贝那组用高脂饲料喂养,连续喂养8周后,降糖益肾方组给予降糖益肾方,糖适贝那组给予糖适平加贝那普利,同时MKR鼠组和MKR鼠高脂组分别给予蒸馏水灌胃4周〔4周后处死小鼠收集标本,免疫组织化学SABC法检测肾小球中胰岛素受体1(IRS-1),磷脂酞肌醇-3一激}(PI-3K)的蛋白表达〔结果降糖益肾方明显降低高脂饮食MKR鼠肾小球中IRS-1和PI-3 K的蛋白表达水平,与MKR鼠高脂组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)、结论降糖益肾方改善糖尿病肾病系膜细胞增殖的机制可能与千预胰岛素信号通路有关、     

加减四君子汤对仔猪免疫机能及生产性能的影响

将72头（16.56±0.37）kg长大二元猪随机分为对照组、加减四君子汤组、抗生素组,每组4个重复,每个重复6头（公母各半）。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1组在基础日粮中添加中草药加减四君子汤,试验2组基础日粮中添加抗生素和高铜,于试验的第14天和第30天分别称重和采血,测定仔猪的生长性能、免疫指标和生理生化指标。结果显示,在试验第一阶段,中草药加减四君子汤组的平均日增重显著低于抗生素组（P〈0.05）,日粮粗蛋白质消化率极显著低于抗生素组（P〈0.01）,料肉比显著高于抗生素组（P〈0.05）,中草药加减四君子汤组的平均日增重、日粮粗蛋白质的消化率、料肉比与对照组相比差异不显著（P〉0.05）;而在试验第二阶段,中草药加减四君子汤组日增重和料肉比与抗生素组差异不显著（P〉0.05）,显著优于对照组（P〉0.05）;中草药加减四君子汤组粗蛋白质消化率显著低于抗生素组（P〈0.05）,与对照组相比差异不显著（P〉0.05）;中草药加减四君子汤组淋巴细胞ANAE阳性率在试验的两个阶段均显著高于抗生素组和对照组（P〈0.05）,对照组和抗生素组差异不显著;淋巴细胞转化率LTT（PHA）在第一阶段3个处理组之间差异不显著（P〉0.05）,在第二阶段中草药加减四君子汤极显著高于抗生素组和对照组（P〈0.01）,而对照组和抗生素组之间差异不显著（P〉0.05）;血清生化指标各处理组在整个试验期间差异均不显著（P〉0.05）。该结果表明,加减四君子汤具有明显的促生长作用,可提高断奶仔猪免疫力,增强机体抗病力,在猪饲料中添加一定剂量的加减四君子汤对动物健康无不良影响。     

谭新华教授治疗勃起功能障碍经验

谭新华教授对勃起功能障碍的病因病机认识、病证表现、证候分型、治疗方法方面都有独特的见解和心得,认为“房劳伤肾”是本病的基本病因病机;将本病分为肾阳虚衰、肾精亏损、心脾两虚、肝气郁结、惊恐伤肾、瘀血阻络、湿热下注7种基本类型;临床治疗病证结合,随证遣方,随症用药,中西结合,多法活用。