改性聚丙烯酸酯包膜控释肥料的控释性能研究

针对应用流化床包衣设备进行水溶性高分子聚合物包膜肥料中试生产中存在的问题,研究了交联剂用量对膜材料表面结构与疏水性能的影响,以及不同后处理工艺对改善包膜肥料控释性能的作用。结果表明,以水溶性高分子聚丙烯酸乳液为主成分的包膜材料中添加交联剂(氮丙啶)的比例由1%(质量百分数,下同)增加至2%,肥料包膜表面结构变得更加平整致密,疏水性能也有所增强,控释效果显著提升。在40℃静水浸泡的9 d时间内前者释放了90%以上的养分,而后者仅释放了约40%的养分。不同后处理工艺对增强包膜肥料的控释性能作用不一。烘箱加热的效果远好于微波处理,且当交联剂添加比例较低(0.3%)时,在一定范围内(60℃~80℃)升高后处理温度,包膜肥料的控释性能显著增强。而当交联剂添加比例增至1%以上时,升温对其控释性能几乎无影响。     

三聚氰胺脲醛树脂改性酚醛树脂胶粘剂的研究

采用常规合成的脲醛(UF)或酚醛(PF)树脂胶对多层胶合板贴面时，很容易出现开胶或透胶现象。本研究采用三聚氰胺脲醛(MUF)树脂对PF树脂进行改性，生产浅色改性PF胶粘剂，探讨了MUF与PF树脂摩尔比、混合比、热压条件等对胶液的粘度、缩合度、稳定性、胶层颜色及胶合质量的影响。结果表明，改性后的浅色酚醛树脂胶粘剂筘存性好、固化后胶层近似木材本色、高强耐水、耐候，用来压制的多层实木复合地板可达到GB9846．1～12-88Ⅰ类胶合板要求。     

室外型中密度纤维板用黑荆树单宁胶粘剂的研制

采用亚硫酸钠和三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛预缩液对黑荆树单宁胶粘剂进行改性处理,制备具有良好的耐水性能和胶合性能的单宁胶粘剂。通过小试说明该胶粘剂在压制室外型中密度纤维板的可行性。     

改性魔芋葡甘露聚糖涂膜在果蔬保鲜上的应用研究

[目的]研究改性魔芋甘露聚糖涂膜的保鲜效果。[方法]以猕猴桃（Actinidia chinensis）、巨峰葡萄（Vitis labruscanaKyoho）、番茄（Lycopersicum esculentumMill）果实为试材,研究了没食子酸改性魔芋葡甘露聚糖对果蔬涂膜的保鲜效果。[结果]改性魔芋葡甘露聚糖涂膜处理可有效抑制常温条件下果蔬的呼吸强度,降低其失重率,提高其好果率。随着改性魔芋葡甘露聚糖酯化度的增大,其保鲜效果增强。[结论]该研究可为应用新型膜材保鲜果蔬提供参考数据。     

纳米二氧化钛改性脲醛树脂胶黏剂的研究

以纳米二氧化钛为改性剂,探讨了二氧化钛对脲醛树脂制造胶合板的甲醛释放量和胶合强度的影响。并以五层杨木胶合板的甲醛释放量为指标,通过实验来确定脲醛树脂合成工艺的主要参数。最终的实验结果表明:当F/U的最终摩尔比为1.3,纳米二氧化钛加入量为甲醛的1%时,合成的脲醛树脂甲醛释放量达到E_0级的标准,胶合强度达到国家标准GB/T9846—2004中的Ⅱ类胶合板要求。     

中密度纤维板的尺寸稳定性改良技术

中密度纤维板(MDF)是目前家具、室内装修等最常用的木质复合材料之一,其尺寸稳定性直接影响到产品的使用性能、使用寿命以及产品应用领域的拓展和附加值的提高.笔者概述了中密度纤维板尺寸稳定性的影响因素以及中密度纤维板尺寸稳定性方面的相关研究进展,并在此基础上提出今后研究的方向.     

落叶松木材的高强度微波辐照法改性

The larch wood was treated by microwave irradiation under different radiant intensity and treating duration. The microwave-treated wood specimens together with the un-treated for comparison were impregnated by water in pressure vessel and then tested for permeability, mechanical properties and microstructure change by SEM to study the modification performance of microwave treatment on larch wood. The results showed that under suitable conditions of microwave treatment the permeability of larch wood was improved without noticeable decreasing of the modulus of rupture （MOR） and the modulus of elasticity （MOE）. The radial parenchyma and some pit membrane were ruptured, and tiny cracks were formed in the cell walls. The formation of tiny cracks in the cell walls serves as man-made channels of gas and liquid and this contribute to improve the permeability of the wood.     

Lignite pre-treatment and its effect on bio-stimulative properties of respective lignite humic acids

Humic acids originating from South-Moravian lignite were subjected to a comparative study with the aim to assess the alteration of their physico-chemical properties after various lignite pre-treatments. Physical modification was achieved with two organic acids, such as acetic acid and citric acid and chemical modification by nitric acid and hydrogene peroxide in various concentrations. Elemental analysis, solid-state NMR, GC–MS analysis of polyols and size exclusion chromatography were carried out for chemical–physical characterization of obtained humic acids. Their biological effect, in form of potassium and ammonium humates, was tested on maize (Zea mays) seedlings. In these tests, potassium humates achieved far better overall results than ammonium humates. Results were inter-correlated in order to appraise the influence of humic acids physical and chemical properties on biological activity. Surprisingly, fractions with the lowest molecular size (0–35 kDa) showed no correlation with bioactivity results (Pearson coefficient from 0.05 to −0.4). On the contrary, middle-sized fractions (35–175 kDa) showed highly significant positive correlation (Pearson coefficient up to 0.92) and the highest molecular-size-fractions (275–350 kDa) showed negative correlation (Pearson coefficient up to −0.75). These findings were identical for both potassium and ammonium humates. No connection was found between bioactivity of humates and polyols content which was remarkably high; it reached 150 mg per g of humic acids in the most extreme case of 5% hydrogene peroxide pre-treatment. In the final analysis, the preparation mode bore pivotal responsibility for the control of humic acids biological effect and showed the best results for potassium humates obtained from lignite pre-treated by acetic acid and by 2% hydrogen peroxide.     

我国脲醛树脂制备技术研究概述

介绍了我国近年来脲醛树脂制备技术和实际应用概况,总结了生产实践中较为实用的树脂制备和改性方法,探讨了脲醛树脂目前存在问题,并指出发展方向。     

胰高血糖素样肽-1结构改造的专利技术综述

胰高血糖素样肽-1为一类降血糖多肽药物。国内外学者对其结构也一直进行着不断改进。从胰高血糖素样肽-1结构改造的总体概况、专利技术发展态势、重点申请人和重点专利技术的角度,详细阐述胰高血糖素样肽-1结构改造领域的技术发展,有利于胰高血糖素样肽-1相关领域的药物研发、专利申请等,对今后的相关科研或生产工作有所帮助。