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1.
番茄褪绿病毒在湖南省首次发生 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2016年7月在湖南省蔬菜病害调查中发现,4种茄科蔬菜表现出叶脉间褪绿、叶片黄化等症状,疑似被番茄褪绿病毒(Tomato chlorosis virus,To CV)感染,同时叶片背面聚集了大量烟粉虱。采用To CV热激蛋白(heat shock protein 70,HSP70)序列的特异性引物对采集的番茄、茄子、辣椒、马铃薯样品和烟粉虱样品进行RT-PCR检测,均扩增出目标条带,且扩增序列与北京番茄To CV分离物(KC887999.1)部分序列相似度为99.0%,确认采集样品被To CV感染。4种茄科蔬菜To CV的感染率达70%~100%;发病叶片上烟粉虱的带毒率为66.7%~87.5%;鉴定出烟粉虱的生物类型为MED烟粉虱。这是湖南省首次确认该病毒,需要引起关注和加强防范。 相似文献
2.
森林经营方案的编制与实施是提高森林经营水平的重要步骤。在编案中森林主产利用计划系统的编制是关键的工作。本文针对森林主产利用系统在编制过程中存在的问题,提出解决问题的途径、方法及其前景。 相似文献
3.
本文分析了传统高等教育定位与高等教育现状的种种不适应情况,提出了在大众化教育背景下应建立高等教育的新定位。从教育主体、教育理念、发展目标、人才培养、教育模式和教育政治关系等方面探讨高等教育的新定位,明确指出新世纪高等教育的任务与责任。 相似文献
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茭白主茎地上部养分积累和转运规律 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以两个有代表性的茭白品种为试材,测定了植株主茎生育过程中地上各部位干、鲜质量的积累及叶片净光合速率的变化。结果表明在田间封行前,植株主茎叶和短缩茎的干、鲜质量持续缓慢增加;封行后至肉质茎快速膨大前,短缩茎的物质积累超过叶片和叶鞘;肉质茎快速膨大期间,干物质积累主要在其前期,同时短缩茎等其余部位干、鲜质量明显下降;之后肉质茎干、鲜质量增加趋缓,叶片、叶鞘质量仍持续下降,而短缩茎质量回升,进入新一轮物质积累期;主茎的总干物质量在封行后迅速提高,在肉质茎充分膨大后下降。功能叶片净光合速率在生育进程中总体呈持续缓慢下降的趋势,肉质茎快速膨大期间迅速大幅上升,紧接着又快速回落。 相似文献
6.
The response of Cuscuta campestris Yuncker, a non‐specific above‐ground holoparasite, to amino acid biosynthesis inhibitor (AABI) herbicides, was compared with other resistant and sensitive plants in dose–response assays carried out in Petri dishes. Cuscuta campestris was found to be much more resistant to all AABI herbicides tested. The I50 value of C. campestris growth inhibition by glyphosate was eightfold higher than that of transgenic, glyphosate‐resistant cotton (RR‐cotton). The I50 value for C. campestris shoot growth inhibition by sulfometuron was above 500 μM, whereas that of sorghum roots was only 0.004 μM. Cuscuta campestris exposed to glyphosate gradually accumulated shikimate, confirming herbicide penetration into the parasite and interaction with an active form of the target enzyme of the herbicide, 5‐enolpyruvylshikimate‐3‐phosphate synthase. More than half of the C. campestris plants associated with transgenic, glyphosate‐resistant sugarbeet (RR‐sugarbeet) treated with glyphosate or with transgenic, sulfometuron‐resistant tomato (SuR‐tomato) treated with sulfometuron recovered and resumed regular growth 20–30 days after treatment. New healthy stems developed, followed by normal flowering and seed setting. The results of the current study demonstrate the unique capacity of C. campestris to tolerate high rates of AABI. The mechanism of this phenomenon is yet to be elucidated. 相似文献
7.
Simulating evolution of glyphosate resistance in Lolium rigidum II: past, present and future glyphosate use in Australian cropping 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Glyphosate is a key component of weed control strategies in Australia and worldwide. Despite widespread and frequent use, evolved resistance to glyphosate is rare. A herbicide resistance model, parameterized for Lolium rigidum has been used to perform a number of simulations to compare predicted rates of evolution of glyphosate resistance under past, present and projected future use strategies. In a 30‐year wheat, lupin, wheat, oilseed rape crop rotation with minimum tillage (100% shallow depth soil disturbance at sowing) and annual use of glyphosate pre‐sowing, L. rigidum control was sustainable with no predicted glyphosate resistance. When the crop establishment system was changed to annual no‐tillage (15% soil disturbance at sowing), glyphosate resistance was predicted in 90% of populations, with resistance becoming apparent after between 10 and 18 years when sowing was delayed. Resistance was predicted in 20% of populations after 25–30 years with early sowing. Risks of glyphosate resistance could be reduced by rotating between no‐tillage and minimum‐tillage establishment systems, or by rotating between glyphosate and paraquat for pre‐sowing weed control. The double knockdown strategy (sequential full rate applications of glyphosate and paraquat) reduced risks of glyphosate and paraquat resistance to <2%. Introduction of glyphosate‐resistant oilseed rape significantly increased predicted risks of glyphosate resistance in no‐tillage systems even when the double knockdown was practised. These increased risks could be offset by high crop sowing rates and weed seed collection at harvest. When no selective herbicides were available in wheat crops, the introduction of glyphosate‐resistant oilseed rape necessitated a return to a minimum‐tillage crop establishment system. 相似文献
8.
Bérénice Agnola Stéphane Boury Claudie Monot Anne Quillévéré Yves Hervé Drissa Silué 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2003,109(5):471-478
A rapid resistance/susceptibility test for Peronospora parasitica (downy mildew) was established by inoculating leaf-disks of four Brassica oleracea accessions. Several conditions were tested: disk disinfection or not, agar medium with or without nutrients and with 50 or 100 ppm of benzimidazole. Using disinfected disks placed on agar (no nutrient and benzimidazole at 50 or 100 ppm), the responses of leaf-disks to four isolates were similar to those obtained using the classical cotyledon test, whereas undesired contaminations occurred in all other conditions. The possible effect of the particular leaf used for obtaining the disks was also studied. In each incompatible interaction tested, disks were resistant whatever the leaf used. In compatible interactions, susceptible phenotypes were observed on disks derived from the six lowest leaves, but disks from upper leaves were resistant. The genetic basis of resistance in a F1 hybrid broccoli was assessed, by testing six isolates on an F2 population derived from this hybrid. The cotyledon test only allows inoculation of two isolates per seedling, whereas many isolates can be tested on each plant by using leaf-disks. The segregation of the resistance to each of the six isolates was analysed: two dominant genes (tightly linked) control resistance to all isolates (one to five isolates; the other to only one isolate). 相似文献
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