蓝狐多重感染的病原学及主要病原的分子生物学特性

2006-2007年期间,山东6地区规模化毛皮动物养殖场出现母狐空怀、流产,幼狐呼吸困难,鼻孔出血,气喘并伴有腹泻、死亡等症状,为探明病因,对发病场进行流行病学调查和送检的236份病料组织进行病原学检查,结果表明造成该病的主要原因是由绿脓杆菌(Pseudomonas aerudinosa)、沙门菌(Salmonella)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)和普通变形杆菌(Proteus vulgaris)共感染所致.这4种细菌单独感染、二重感染、三重感染和四重感染的平均感染率分别为50%、45.8%、3.8%和0.4 0%.在分离的4种细菌中以绿脓杆菌的分离率为最高,达到86%,对该痛原又进行(G+C)mol%、16SrRNA序列同源性和系统发育分析,构建了包括9株邻近种属细菌在内的系统发育树,其中与绿脓杆菌(AJ249451)同源性最高,为99.2%,进一步确定该病原菌属于假单胞菌属中绿脓杆菌.本研究为目前规模化毛皮动物养殖场蓝狐病的原因提出了新的思路,为疾病的防治提供了依据.     

Effect of tetrandrine on radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells

AIM: To investigate the mechanism of the radiosensitizing effect of maximum non-cytotoxic doses of tetrandrine (Tet) on nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines CNE1 and CNE2.METHODS: The cells were treated with ma-ximum non-cytotoxic doses of Tet (for CNE1 cells at 1.5 μmol/L and for CNE2 cells at 1.8 μmol/L), irradiation at 4 Gy, or combination of irradiation and maximum non-cytotoxic doses of Tet. The cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry. The protein levels of γ-H2AX, cleaved caspase-3, p-CDC25C, CDK1, p-CDK1, cyclin B1, ERK and p-ERK were determined by Western blot.RESULTS: The expression of γ-H2AX was increased in CNE1 cells and CNE2 cells after combined treatment with irradiation and maximum non-cytotoxic doses of Tet. The percentages of CNE1 cells and CNE2 cells at G₂/M phase in irradiation group were (18.09±0.42)% and (18.48±1.32)%, respectively, which were decreased to (15.88±1.04)% and (13.80±0.82)% in combined treatment group, respectively (P<0.05). Combined treatment enhanced the increase in the protein level of cleaved caspase-3 caused by irradiation. The protein levels of p-CDC25C and p-CDK1 were increased in a dose-dependent manner by Tet treatment (P<0.05), while the expression of CDK1 showed no difference among different doses of Tet treatments. The protein levels of p-CDC25C, p-CDK1 and CDK1 showed no difference after the treatment with maximum non-cytotoxic doses of Tet. The combined treatment with irradiation and the maximum non-cytotoxic doses of Tet decreased the protein levels of p-CDC25C and p-CDK1 (P<0.05), increased the expression of cyclin B1, and had no influence on the expression of CDK1 (P<0.05). The combined treatment resulted in an increase in the protein level of p-ERK1 (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The maximum non-cytotoxic doses of Tet enhance the DNA damage and apoptosis in CNE1 cells and CNE2 cells caused by irradiation, and the mechanism might be associated with ending of G₂/M arrest via activation of ERK/CDC25C/CDK1/cyclin B1 pathways.     

Differences in ecological and allelopathic traits among Alternanthera philoxeroides populations

Based on a field investigation and laboratory trials, this study compared the invasive ecology of aquatic and terrestrial alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides G.) ecotypes. The aquatic ecotype showed a stronger eco‐adaptation than the terrestrial ecotype. Alligator weed performed well in wetland and riparian habitats, where it was so competitive that only one‐to‐three other plant types grew successfully in its company. In contrast, it exhibited poor growth in upland fields and parks, where the terrestrial ecotype was dominated by 6–11 other alien plant species. The aquatic ecotype exhibited significantly greater growth inhibition of Microcystis aeruginosa. The ecotypes differed in their pattern of allelopathic inhibition of water blooms. The allelopathic effect of the aquatic ecotype persisted for a period exceeding 20 days, whereas the terrestrial ecotype's allelopathic effect subsided in <5 days. The aquatic ecotype had higher levels of antioxidant compounds, including soluble protein and flavones, and the activity of protective enzymes was also higher, which included superoxidase dismutase, peroxidase and catalase. Alligator weed's unique characteristics derive mainly from its strong allelopathic potential and tolerance of eutrophication in aquatic habitats.     

产肠毒素大肠杆菌K88黏附素蛋白亚基Fae G在L.lactis中的表达及其抗原性

在构建L.lactis表达载体pNZ8148-fae G的基础上,将该载体转化到L.lactis NZ9000中,重组菌经5 μg/Lnisin诱导3 h,SDS-PAGE结果显示,FaeG在L.lactis中表达的目的蛋白相对分子质量大小约为27 000,表达产物的量达菌体可溶性总蛋白的10.89%.Western blot分析结果表明,该目的蛋白具有良好反应原性.将重组L.lactis口服免疫BALB/c小鼠,小鼠产生特异性IgG及黏膜slgA.本试验为进一步研究仔猪口服重组L.lactis疫苗,诱导其产生抗ETEC K88黏膜免疫的同时,发挥L.lactis的益生功能,预防仔猪腹泻奠定了基础.     

猪链球菌9型荚膜多糖cps9G基因的原核表达

本研究旨在克隆表达猪链球菌9型荚膜多糖部分抗原表位。设计1对引物,采用PCR法以猪链球菌9型河南分离株PY-2的基因组DNA为模板扩增出cps9G全基因序列。用限制性核酸内切酶BamHⅠ、XhoⅠ进行双酶切后,将其定向克隆到pET32a（＋）中,构建重组表达质粒pET32a—cps9G,并将其转化至大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）感受态细胞中进行诱导表达,并优化表达条件。结果表明,经1．2mmol／L IPTG诱导4h后SDS-PAGE分析表明,重组菌株表达出了约50700的融合蛋白条带,与预期一致。Western-blotting分析表明,该融合蛋白具有特异的生物学活性。这为以后建立快速、简便、特异的免疫学检测方法及制备单克隆抗体提供了较好的抗原,同时为研制猪链球菌亚单位疫苗和诊断试剂盒奠定了基础。     

家蚕G蛋白γ1亚基(BmGγ1)的克隆及其谷胱甘肽硫转移酶融合蛋白的表达与纯化

异三元G蛋白是真核细胞感知外界信号后将信号传递到胞内的重要分子,参与生物体广泛的信号转导。为了研究家蚕体内G蛋白的生理功能及其作用机制,运用生物信息学方法预测了家蚕G蛋白γ1亚基(Gγ1)的序列,设计引物验证预测序列后,克隆了家蚕Gγ1的序列,再通过酶切克隆至表达载体pET-41b(+)后,导入E.coliBL21宿主菌中,经异丙基β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导表达重组谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(glutathione s-transferase,GST)融合蛋白,并亲和层析纯化表达产物。家蚕Gγ1重组GST融合蛋白经SDS-PAGE电泳和Western blot分析,在分子质量约36 kD处出现特异性蛋白条带,重组蛋白经GST亲和层析柱纯化后,得到了高纯度的融合蛋白,说明已经成功克隆到家蚕Gγ1基因,并在E.coliBL21中高效表达。     

舍温对猪饲料报酬的刺激效应

互助县丹麻乡泽林、锦州两个行政村地处海拔2800～3000m的河湟高位农作区，气侯较为寒冷。为提高农户养猪的饲料报酬，于1994年1月7日～1995年1月6日，沿用农民传统饲养方式，进行了暖棚与敞圈养猪饲料报酬的对比试验，其结果表明：日增重暖棚比敞圈猪多94．93g,提高饲料报酬50．06％，头均增加收益272．87元；重料比暖棚组与敞圈组分别为1：6．1和1：9．49，每kg增重暖棚组节约饲料3．39kg，节料率为86、72％；育肥一头110kg重的肉猪,可缩短饲养期182d，提高时效49．86％。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法检测猪肉中20种违禁药物残留的研究

建立了猪肉中违禁药物（糖皮质激素、性激素、β2-肾上腺素受体激动剂、玉米赤霉烯酮4类）同时测定的高效液相色谱-串联质谱方法。试样经盐酸水解,乙酸乙酯提取,低温冷冻去除脂类,亲水亲脂平衡固相萃取柱净化。采用C18反相色谱柱分离,以乙腈+水为流动相梯度洗脱,分别在电喷雾离子源正、负离子模式下以多反应监测模式（MRM）分段扫描同时检测,基质匹配内标法定量。结果表明,20种违禁药物在相应的浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数均大于0.99;该方法在猪肉中的检测限（LOD,S/N=3）和定量限（LOQ,S/N=10）分别为0.5、1.0 μg/kg。在0.5~10 μg/kg添加浓度水平下,平均回收率为63.9%~117%,批内变异系数1.9%~9.1%,批间变异系数4.9%~13.1%。该方法简单、快速、准确,适用于猪肉中多类违禁药物的残留检测。