冬春季莱芜黑山羊松果体功能状态的免疫组织化学比较

应用5-HT免疫组织化学染色法，对冬春两季的莱芜黑山羊松果体进行了观察比较，以探讨松果体与下丘脑垂体-性腺轴的关系。结果显示，莱芜黑山羊松果体内存在大量5-HT阳性的松果体细胞及5-HT纤维；冬季松果体阳性细胞面积及阳性面积比都明显大于春季（P〈0．01），平均光密度在冬、春季间无明显差异（P〉0．05）。表明莱芜黑山羊松果体的功能活动呈现季节性变化，与羊的繁殖活动关系密切。     

非洲黑鸵鸟人工饲养条件下繁殖性能的观察

14只2岁非洲黑鸵鸟按公母比例1:2～3分成4个繁殖组合,对产蛋、受精、孵化情况进行观察分析。结果显示,每只母鸵鸟年平均产蛋量为55.2枚,最高约为73枚,最低为39枚。4个组合鸟群之间种蛋的受精率存在显著的差异P<0.01,I组的受精率最高,为59.6%;IV组的受精率最低,仅8.9%。各组的受精率、孵化率差异不显著P>0.05,平均受精蛋孵化率达到92.6%。本次受精率较低的原因为公鸟年龄小,没有完全达到性成熟。     

稀土对刺槐苗木生理特性影响的研究

稀土对刺槐苗木生理特性影响的研究赵兰勇，梁玉堂（山东农业大学林学院泰安２７１０１８）王九龄（北京林业大学北京１０００８３）关键词稀土，刺槐，光合速率，叶绿素含量，水分利用效率，矿质元素含量近年来，稀土元素在农业上的应用研究越来越受到人们的重视，并且已...     

云岭黑山羊受体在夏季同期发情处理效果分析

对 2 2 4只云岭黑山羊及其杂交羊在夏季用CIDR孕酮栓 PMSG法进行同期发情处理 ,结果表明 :①总体发情率为64 73 % ,移植率为 47 3 2 % ,其中发情羊在撤栓后 48小时内 10 0 %发情 ,同期化程度高 ;②楚雄羊 (n =44只 )、师宗羊 (n =96只 )、文山羊 (n =71只 )和杂交羊 (n =9只 ) ,发情率分别为 :5 2 2 7%、65 63 %、66 2 0 %和 10 0 0 0 % ,以杂交羊的同期发情率和移植率高于楚雄山羊 (P <0 0 1)、师宗山羊和文山山羊 (P <0 0 5 ) ,但三个地方的云岭黑山羊的发情率和移植率均无显著差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ;③ 1～ 2 5岁受体羊的发情率比 3～ 5岁羊高 17 74个百分点 (P <0 0 5 ) ,移植率高 11 0 6个百分点(P >0 0 5 ) ;④ 2 0～ 2 9kg羊的发情率分别比 3 0～ 3 9kg和 40～ 5 1kg的羊群高 19 2 3个百分点 (P <0 0 5 )和 2 6 0 1个百分点(P <0 0 1) ;移植率分别高 13 0 7和 14 83个百分点 (P >0 0 5 ) ;⑤青年羊的掉栓率显著低于经产羊 (P <0 0 5 ) ,而掉栓羊群和持栓羊群的发情率和移植率分别比较 ,差异不显著 (P >0 0 5 ) ;⑥处理羊在第 16天撤栓和第 17天撤栓的同期发情率差异不显著 (P >0 0 5 )。     

Diatomaceous earth foliar spraying along with adjuvants in pistachio orchards associated with the common pistachio psylla,Agonoscena pistaciae

The common pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae, is a serious global pest menacing pistachio orchards. Considering the dangers of using excessive chemical pesticides, it seems that using natural insecticides such as diatomaceous earth is a suitable way to lower the residual amount of highly hazardous pesticides. In this study, the effects of diatomaceous earth with different additives, including dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, polyurethane glue as a wood adhesive, and potassium silicate, were investigated in several concentrations over two years in orchard conditions. Although all treatments showed significant effects, the most effective treatments were (diatomaceous earth+dipotassium hydrogen phosphate) and (diatomaceous earth+polyurethane glue). Therefore, the use of diatomaceous earth combined with the additive materials mentioned can potentially be a safe method for the integrated management of the common pistachio psylla.     

土地利用对亚热带红壤区典型景观单元土壤溶解有机碳含量的影响

 【目的】在亚热带典型景观尺度上系统分析土地利用方式对土壤溶解有机碳（DOC）含量的影响。【方法】分别以广西肯福和湖南盘塘作为亚热带红壤低山与红壤丘陵典型景观单元,对两个景观单元进行密集采样（0～20 cm）分析。【结果】红壤低山和红壤丘陵景观单元土壤DOC的平均含量分别为（159.2±75.8） mg•kg-1和（90.035.4） mg•kg-1,其中低含量样本均以稻田土壤为主,其平均值分别为（46.7±14.9） mg•kg-1和（68.023.1）mg•kg-1。高含量样本以旱地、果园和林地土壤为主,红壤低山景观单元旱地、果园和林地土壤DOC含量分别比稻田土壤高271%、278%和315%,红壤丘陵景观单元比稻田土壤高37%、69%和77%。土壤溶解有机碳与土壤总有机碳的比值（DOC/TOC）显示,两个景观单元稻田土壤DOC/TOC值（0.24%和0.44%）亦明显低于其它利用方式土壤（0.90%～1.50%）。【结论】土地利用方式影响土壤DOC含量,同一景观单元长期处于淹水条件下的稻田土壤DOC含量明显低于旱作土壤（如旱地和果园）,林地开垦为旱地或果园后土壤DOC含量降低。同时土壤DOC含量存在区域差异,位于亚热带南部的红壤低山景观单元土壤DOC的含量明显高于北部的红壤丘陵景观单元。     

马铃薯黑色地膜覆盖高产栽培技术及示范基地效益评价

黑色地膜覆盖平均单产达42660kg／hm^2,产值达40950元／hm^2;比白色地膜覆盖增产6375kg／hm^2,增产17．6％。比露地增产15480kg／hm^2,增产57．0‰黑色地膜比白色地膜覆盖产值增加6120元／hm^2,比露地产值增加14860．5元／hm^2,较露地净增产值3235．5元／hm^2。黑色地膜增产的主要原因是土壤含水量比露地高0．078-3．080个百分点,在马铃薯淀粉积累的关键时期,土壤含水量比露地高3．080个百分点。     

生防菌XC-1的筛选、鉴定及其对马铃薯黑痣病的防效研究

从马铃薯根际土壤中分离筛选得到对立枯丝核菌有较强拮抗作用的菌株XC-1,对其进行鉴定及生防特性分析,并评价其对马铃薯黑痣病的生防效果.形态学、16S rDNA和gyrB基因序列分析以及生理生化检测结果表明,XC-1菌株为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis).XC-1菌株具有产纤维素酶、蛋白酶及嗜铁素和HC...     

Characteristics and factors controlling the development of ephemeral gullies in cultivated catchments of black soil region, Northeast China

Ephemeral gully erosion is an important process in the black soil region, Northeast China and can be responsible for severe damage to agricultural lands. However, little research on gully formation in this area has been published. The study described in this paper attempted to quantify soil losses, the spatial distribution and morphology of the gullies, and the factors that control their development. Ephemeral gullies were measured in spring and summer of 2005 in two small catchments. The critical periods for ephemeral gully formation were late spring and summer in the study area. Mean soil losses due to ephemeral gully erosion were 0.40 and 0.43 kg m⁻² year⁻¹ for only croplands despite low slope gradients, and this loss is above the tolerable erosion rates of 0.20 kg m⁻² year⁻¹. The erosion rates were greater in spring because the topsoil thawed before deeper layers, reducing infiltration into the soil, and the bare vegetation cover provided no barriers to surface flow. In contrast, summer erosion occurred primarily in response to intense rain events. Development of the gullies was promoted by freeze-thaw cycles in spring and was affected by the type of agricultural operations and crops in summer. A linear regression model for the prediction of ephemeral gully length at the catchment level was established using field data, and although it did not successfully predict the length of individual gullies, it explained 55% of the variation in ephemeral gully length.     

长期定位施肥对砂姜黑土肥力及生产力的影响研究

长期定位试验研究化肥与有机肥配施对砂姜黑土土壤肥力和作物产量的影响结果表明 ,长期施肥可提高土壤碱解氮、速效磷及有机质含量 ,不同肥料组合间差异较大 ,以有机肥与化肥配施处理效果最佳 (但同时必须重视K素的投入 ) ,土壤速效钾仅全部施用有机肥处理有所增加 ,单施N、P化肥处理下降最多 ,至 15年后下降2 5 .8%。长期未施肥处理 (对照 )碱解氮变化最大 ,较试验前下降 2 6 .5 % ,其他养分指标变化较小。有机肥与化肥配施处理产量前期不及单施化肥处理 ,中后期则反之。砂姜黑土基本生产力随种植时间延长而渐降 ,土壤对秋粮大豆或玉米的供肥能力高于小麦。