The routes to fruit: Governance of urban food trees in Canada

Interest in planting urban food trees (UFTs) in public spaces is growing in popularity as a form of urban greening and a potential food source. Currently there is minimal research on the governance and policy aspects of integrating food trees into cities. To fill this gap, we investigated the characteristics of UFT site governance and how it compares to current urban forest governance. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with relevant municipal officials in Calgary, Edmonton, Toronto and Victoria about their perspectives and involvement with UFT sites in their city. A scan of policy documents was completed to supplement the interviews. The interviews were analyzed using a deductive coding framework based on the Policy Arrangement Approach. We found that key actors at the UFT sites were local organizations and site champions, with minimal municipal engagement. Most site resources provided by municipalities were in-kind. There are also basic knowledge gaps about how to care for UFTs. Currently municipal by-laws prohibit the harvesting and removal of plant material, and are at odds with the purpose of UFT sites, with few municipalities fully integrating UFTs in policies. The primary discussion around UFTs centre concerns for public health and safety, management, and use of public space with limited discussions of benefits. This research demonstrates the value of co-governance models to support UFTs, while a shift in focus from risks to benefits could encourage additional resources and policy integration. Further, including UFTs into policy would also support foraging and food tree maintenance in public spaces, and more fully reflect the plurality of urban forest engagement.     

Citizens’ perception of and satisfaction with urban forests and green space: Results from selected Southeast European cities

In this paper the results of the first comprehensive study on perception of and satisfaction with urban forests and green space in seven Southeast European cities are presented. The aims of the paper are to analyse 1) citizen perceptions of the current state of urban forests and green space in their cities, 2) to what extent current urban forests and green space meet their needs and how this can be improved. A cross-sectional study was conducted by using a common face-to-face survey questionnaire. Respondents were selected based on census data though a stratified sampling procedure by taking into account age, gender and city district (n = 384 in each city). The results showed that citizens genuinely care for urban forests and green space in their cities, but are not satisfied with their current state. The respondents found issues related to misbehaviour of other users, the presence and quality of facilities, as well as the presence and quality of management or maintenance the most pressing. There were more statistically significant differences than similarities between cities. Socioeconomic variables explained perceptions only to some extent. Citizens were very supportive of educational campaigns about the importance of urban forests and green space as well as of better enforcement of the existing regulations though having more community wardens that were expected to tackle current unsatisfactory situations. Urban planning and urban forest and green space management in these cities are facing many problems characteristic for post-socialist countries. Study findings are expected to contribute to decision making in urban planning and natural resource management.     

湖南桃花源国家森林公园森林景观改造规划

通过对湖南桃花源国家森林公园植被及森林景观的现状分析,在剖析其设计理念与构思的基础上,结合森林公园总体规划布局,采取补植、封育、更新、抚育、综合改造等具体植被改造措施,达到绿化、美化、多样化的森林景观的提质改造建设目标。     

南京市绿地规划发展方向初探--以南京市绿地系统规划（2013-2020）为例

对最新版本的《南京市绿地系统规划》(2013-2020)进行分析与研究，综合相关规划文件，对南京市近几年绿地规划、建设内容进行回顾与评价，总结南京市在绿地规划方面的可取与不足之处。对南京城市的历史沿革、山水格局、绿地现状、自身定位、发展趋势进行思考，结合国内政策、国外理念等因素统筹地对南京未来的绿地发展方向进行展望与研究，包括绿地宏观布局层面、中观联系层面、微观建设层面3方面。     

中国国土空间规划研究进展与展望——基于CiteSpace知识图谱分析

【目的/意义】国土空间规划对促进可持续发展具有重要意义。通过梳理国土空间规划研究网络,可理清不同时期的研究内容及热点演化趋势,并对后续研究者提供参考。【方法/过程】利用CiteSpace知识图谱和文献计量分析方法,对国土空间规划进行计量统计分析,探究当前发展情况,进而分阶段探讨国土空间规划研究内容。【结果/结论】结果表明:(1)1992年以来国土空间规划文献发文量显著上升,多学科交叉日益加强,其中地理学和城乡规划学排在前两位。(2)研究人员和研究机构多集中在东部大城市地区,研究者之间合作较少,合作化程度较低。(3)国土空间规划研究分为缓慢发展、快速增长和日趋成熟三个阶段,具有鲜明的时代特征。研究内容不断深入,由分散趋向统一,但政策导向性明显,生态理念逐渐凸显。     

互联网+环境下饲料品牌的策划和实践

随着市场环境的不断发展变化,消费者越来越重视产品的品牌效益,品牌建设已成为当前饲料企业市场竞争中取胜的重要法宝,饲料企业可通过品牌策划与实践提升产品的知名度,加强企业自身的商业信誉,从而提升饲料产品的销售份额,有效扩大消费群体,为企业的长远发展提供广阔的潜力。因此,饲料企业要重视互联网+环境下品牌的策划与实践,通过优化策划方案、创新推广路径等方式加强企业品牌建设。     

采用混合生物地理学算法的番茄种植规划研究

为解决番茄酱产季原料供应不均衡问题,在构建番茄种植规划的数学模型基础上,提出采用生物地理学算法对番茄种植规划模型的求解。利用余弦迁移模型、干扰迁移算子和基于高斯分布的变异算子对BBO算法进行适当改进,并与差分进化算法的变异算子结合,以增强生物地理学算法的全局搜索性能。以新疆某番茄酱厂为例对番茄种植规划问题进行计算,结果表明:采用该算法获得的种植方案能实现番茄原料产量与番茄酱厂生产能力之间的平衡。仿真结果验证了番茄种植规划数学模型的合理性。在求解番茄种植规划问题上,与其他智能优化算法相比,该算法具有较好的收敛性。     

云南省宣威叶府花园规划设计方案

云南宣威叶府花园设计方案是根据地理概况,从立意、构思总体出发,结合现状,以“绿水千家绕”为花园景观的主题展开景点布置,动静结合,建筑小品与植物及水体相辅相成,创造出优美的庭院园林景观.     

对职业生涯规划教育贯穿人才培养全过程的思考

当前,职业生涯规划教育越来越受到高职院校的重视,在全民创业、万众创新的时代,更需要系统考虑职业生涯规划教育的开展与落实,使学生认识到职业生涯规划教育的重要意义。