案例教学在畜牧兽医行政管理与执法司法课程教学中的应用

在分析畜牧兽医行政管理与执法司法课程教学应用案例教学法的必要性和可行性,以及教学中存在的问题的基础上,阐述了该教学方法在畜牧兽医行政管理与执法司法课程教学中的应用。     

Antibacterial drug resistance and equine practice

The equine practitioner is in a position to make day‐to‐day decisions regarding antimicrobial drug (AMD) use for their patients as well as to educate their clients regarding judicious use. General guidelines regarding judicious use of AMDs in equine patients have been developed by the American Association of Equine Practitioners. Detailed guidelines for AMD use in specific equine diseases supported by clinical trials and results of surveillance studies focused on resistance among equine bacterial pathogens are lacking. Studies that could lead to detailed and justifiable use recommendations would allow the equine practitioner to make more informed decisions regarding when to use AMDs, which drugs should be used and how they should be used (e.g. dose, route and duration).     

人工诱发鸡大肠杆菌病的接种规律

采用鸡大肠杆菌 O2标准强毒株 ,对 4 80羽宝万斯 -高兰蛋雏鸡颈部皮下注射进行人工发病 ,研究了细菌培养时间、接种量与致病力之间的关系和规律。结果表明 ,在同一毒株条件下 ,细菌致病力强弱 ,主要取决于接种感染菌数 ,只要接种菌数适宜 ,4～ 2 4 h细菌培养液均可成功发病 ,不必受普遍采用 1 8h细菌培养液接种的时间约束。这一试验结果可为灵活、合理安排抗菌新兽药试验中人工病例复制提供参考     

论兽药的名称与品牌

目前兽药市场呼唤更多的兽药及饲料药剂的好品种与好品牌 ;要求兽药产品的名称科学与规范化 ,即能达到意明、简短、高雅不俗 ,上口易用。本文就当前兽药市场所反映的部分药品名称与品牌的现状 ,试论兽用药品名称与品牌的意义及其应用     

再谈中草药新制剂的研究与开发

笔者分析、总结并论述了研制兽用中药新制剂的必要性和可行性 ,同时就开发工艺、思路和实现中兽药现代化的策略等方面作了进一步的探讨     

欧盟兽药上市审批制度

介绍了欧盟兽药上市审批新制度:中央审批和相互认可.对这两种审批程序的法律依据、审评机构、适用范围以及具体审批过程等做一梗概说明,供我国从事兽药法规管理的相关人员参考.     

五龄期添食几种药物对蓖麻蚕软化病防治效果比较

在蓖麻蚕生产中，软化病（细菌性胃肠病和细菌性败血病的总称）发生得比较多，尤其在五龄期发病严重，对生产威胁较大，本试验用消特灵、绿迪奥、蚕用绿霉素、大蒜白酒液（自制）蚕药在蓖麻蚕五龄期分别添食，结果表明以上药液添食后，五龄蚕期病死蚕率比对照区明显降低。     

~(60)Co—γ射线辐照中药材杀虫灭菌效果及主要有效成分变化的研究

本文为应用~(60)Co—γ射线辐照边条红参(Radix Ginseng)、当归(Radix AnselicaeSinensis)、槟榔(Semen Arecae)等21种中药材杀虫、灭菌效果及其主要有效成分变化的研究。结果表明,辐照杀虫剂量范围为1.5～2.3kGy;灭菌剂量范围为3.8～7.6kGy;以3.7～20.6kGy剂量辐照边条红参、当归头、槟榔、其主要有效成分人参总皂甙、人参单体皂甙Rg_1,当归挥发油以及榔槟生物碱的颜色和百分含量均无明显变化,杀虫、灭菌效果显著,防止二次感染、辐照后贮藏一年仍可达到色鲜、味正、不生虫、不发霉的良好效果。     

Motivation and Characterization of Finnish Meat Inspection Veterinarians

A questionnaire survey on the factors affecting the motivation and work attitudes of Finnish veterinary meat inspectors was conducted. Traditional meat inspection on the slaughtering line and in the emergency department took up most of the weekly work time (15.8% and 15.8%, respectively). Emergency slaughtering (29%) and general hygiene control (29%) were considered the most important tasks of veterinary meat inspectors. Assurance of meat safety (68%) was cited as the most important single reason for meat inspection. Veterinary meat inspectors were of the opinion that they do not play an important role in the training of slaughterhouse personnel, although they considered training to be a very important means for promoting hygienic work methods among workers. Three orientations of the respondents toward meat inspection and slaughterhouse operations were revealed from the survey: hygiene, education, and emergency slaughter work orientation. Meat inspection veterinarians may feel isolated from the other personnel responsible for maintaining quality and hygiene. The orientation and possible isolated position of veterinary meat inspectors should be given more attention in both the basic undergraduate and postgraduate training of veterinary meat inspectors.     

Lymphocyte transformation test in veterinary clinical immunology

Lymphocyte transformation test is a powerful tool in laboratory testing of immunologic competence of animals. The impaired function of the lymphocytes or presence of mitogenesis suppressing factors in the patient serum were detected by comparing lymphocyte transformation (expressed as thymidine incorporation) obtained in media containing either autologous, homologous, or fetal calf serum additions. Most valuable results were obtained by using at least two, preferably three, different phytomitogens: concanavlin A (Con A), pokeweed mitogen (PWM), and pl ytohemagglutinin (PHA) at optimal concentrations (Con A, 15 μg/ml, PWM and PHA, 5 μg/ml) and decreased concentrations (Con A, 5 μg/ml, PWM and PHA, 1 μg/ml). Mitogenesis induced by lipopolysaccharide was considerably smaller and not used routinely. With 2 × 10⁵ lymphocytes/well, the background count of unstimulated lymphocytes in autologous serum in healthy dogs was usually between 100 and 400 counts/min (CPM), in clinically healthy cattle and horses from 200 to over 2000 CPM. Higher CPM were rarely detected without clinical disease. Increased background counts were often associated with viral infections, leukemias and lymphoreticular hyperplasias, decreased background counts were associated with various diseases. The stimulation indexes (SI) of healthy animals in autologous serum with Con A, (5 μg/ml) or PWM or PHA (1 μg/ml) were in the range from 100 to 1000 in the dogs, in the tens for Con A and in hundreds for PWM and PHA in horses and cattle. Increased SI were present during the incubation period of various diseases. Decreased SI were associated with numerous infectious and lymphoreticular diseases and were caused by any of the following: (1) the presence of serum immunosuppressive factor(s) in the patient serum, (2) the decreased response of lymphocytes to mitogens, or (3) increased mitogenicity of lymphocytes due to unidentified serum factors in absence of phytomitogens.