太阳能辅助热泵干燥粮食的数值模拟研究

粮食的干燥过程实质上是多孔介质热湿耦合传递的过程.基于多孔介质热质传递理论,通过数值模拟的方法,针对利用太阳能辅助热泵干燥粮食时热风随时间变化的情况,采用综合温度和空气绝对湿度作为瞬态边界条件来对干燥过程中粮食内部温度和水分的变化进行模拟研究.模拟结果显示小麦水分在干燥150 h后达到安全水分13.6％(干基),而实验结果显示小麦水分在干燥135 h后达到安全水分13.6％(干基),二者对比相差不大,并且模拟温度与试验温度吻合较好.     

节能空调模式在粮仓中的应用初探

分析了粮食储藏的环境要求,提出了冰蓄冷空调技术、地源热泵技术、太阳能制冷技术、蒸发冷却技术等在粮仓中应用的可行性,并结合相关系统图或原理图,在省电、节能的背景下,指出了粮食储藏技术今后的发展方向。     

聚乙二醇和高温热处理复合改性对杨木吸水性的影响

木材易吸水、尺寸稳定性差等缺陷严重限制了其应用,通过聚乙二醇浸渍、热处理改性可以改善这些不足。通过采用3种不同分子量的聚乙二醇(PEG1000、PEG2000、PEG4000)对杨木进行预处理,然后在不同温度条件下(120℃、140℃、160℃、180℃、200℃)进行热处理,研究不同条件复合处理对杨木试材吸水性的影响。试验表明,热处理可以改善试件初期的吸水性能,PEG浸渍处理则能抑制试件长期吸水,通过复合改性处理可以达到同时控制试件短期和长期水分吸收的目的。     

多层压机热压板温度场数值模拟研究

采用计算流体动力学的方法,对两种不同形式的压板加热循环系统的温度场进行数值模拟,研究了两种热压加热循环系统热压板表面的温度场分布规律。结果表明:双进双出加热循环系统与单进单出加热循环系统相比,压板的温度场分布更均衡,从而为多层压机热压板加热循环系统的优化选择提供了基础数据。     

In vitro inhibition of ETEC K88 adhesion by pea hulls and of LT enterotoxin binding by faba bean hulls

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) expressing K88 (F4) adhesins are associated with post‐weaning diarrhoea in piglets. Different grain fractions from pea (Pisum sativum) and faba bean (Vicia faba) were tested in vitro for their capacity to counteract aetiological factors, which contribute to the development of diarrhoea. In detail, adhesion of E. coli O149:K91:K88ac (ETEC K88ac) to grain legume products, intended to impair the colonization of the host, was studied as well as interference with receptor binding of the pathogen’s heat‐labile enterotoxin LT, intended to reduce toxin‐inflicted gut cell damage. When comparing different pea and faba bean products tested for their binding capacity of ETEC K88ac, especially pea hulls, but also whole pea meal, starch‐enriched and protein‐enriched pea meal, and digestion‐resistant pea hull and meal fractions showed a higher binding of ETEC K88ac than faba bean products. In contrast to the ETEC K88ac adhesion results, bean hulls proved more effective than pea hulls in preventing GM1 receptor binding of LT. Previous small intestinal segment perfusion experiments we performed with ETEC K88ac‐challenged piglets indicated that both pea and bean hulls have the potential for successful application in diarrhoea prophylaxis and treatment, which is in agreement with and refined by our detection of their different modes of functioning.     

广州机场路景观防护林的环境效应特征

为了计量城市路网景观防护林的环境效应,采用群落生态学及水平多点定位同步观测方法,对机场路景观防护林群落结构及消减路面热岛、污染气体浓度效应进行了观测研究;结果显示:防护林群落呈4层垂直结构(上层乔木平均高(珚H)=12.6 m、中层乔木珚H=6.3 m、灌木层珚H=3.2 m、草本层珚H=0.6 m),水平30 50 m沿机场路侧带状分布;防护林群落的Shannon(H)达2.39,均匀度达0.76,而森林群落郁闭度达0.68。相对路面空气SO2、NO2(0.150、0.083 mg·m-3)的日均浓度,防护林林内20 m则减小到0.05 mg·m-3以下,空气温度则减小2.0℃,空气湿度增加2.4%,风速减小0.7 m.s-1;雨季晴天日,13:00-15:00、林内20 30 m空间相对路面的气温减小值大于2.0℃,而林内10 30 m空间相对路面的空气湿度增加5.0%7.1%;林内20 30 m空间空气SO2浓度≤0.05 mg·m-3的白昼持续时间达8.3 9.0 h,而林内30 40 m空间空气NO2浓度≤0.05 mg·m-3的白昼持续时间达8.3 h;机场路景观防护林群落对路面热岛强度、空气SO2、NO2浓度消减效应极其显著。采用趋势面回归方法,获得的机场路面至林内水平尺度空气SO2、NO2浓度时空分布拟合方程适宜于估算应用。     

重组猪囊尾蚴热休克蛋白35．6真核质粒的构建及鉴定

为了构建猪囊尾蚴（Cysticercuscellulosae）热休克蛋白的真核表达载体,试验利用PCR技术扩增HSP35．6的基因,将其与增强型绿色荧光蛋白的基因先后连接到pVAXI真核表达载体上,得到pVAXI—HSP35．6-EGFP的重组质粒,经酶切及测序鉴定正确。采用脂质体介导的DNA转染法,将阳性重组质粒转染Vero细胞。转染48h后荧光显微镜下观察到明亮的绿色荧光,说明融合基因可在Vero细胞中高效表达。本研究为进一步研究该蛋白生物学功能奠定了基础。     

南方规模化猪场和散养户夏季热应激防控措施

热应激可影响猪的健康状况、采食量和内分泌等活动,导致体内生理生化过程发生剧烈改变,进而影响猪采食量以及饲料转化率。因此,采取有效措施缓解或消除热应激对养猪业造成的严重影响对指导规模化养猪业生产具有十分重要的意义。     

Ignition Models of Thermal Thin Material in Constant Heat Flux

The influence law of ammonium polyphosphate(APP) and coupling agents on the mechanical properties and flame retardant properties of wood powder/PE composites were studied by mechanical test and limited oxygen index(LOI) test. The experimental results show that the LOI of composites increased from 18.7%to 26.5%when the content of APP flame retardant was 30%,however the mechanical properties decreased.The maleic anhydride graft PP,titanate and silane coupling agent were used to improve mechanical properties of composites and it was implied that titanate and silane coupling agent can improve the mechanical properties of composites obviously.The limited oxygen index of wood powder/PE composites reached 27.5% when the content of titanate was 2%. Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) shows that APP promoted charring and increased the amounts of char,thus protecting the inner matrix and increased the amount of residual char at higher temperature. The titanate coupling agent further increased the charring formed and strengthened the thermal stability,so obviously increased the flame retardant of composites.