紫云英、田菁及光叶苕子富集硒、锶能力研究

采用盆栽方式研究紫云英、田菁及光叶苕子富集硒、锶能力,结果表明:紫云英富硒、锶能力最强,施硒量5.0mg/kg地上部硒含量达到31.13mg/kg,施锶量500mg/kg地上部锶含量达到11 431.15mg/kg;光叶苕子也有较强富硒、锶能力,施硒量2.0mg/kg地上部硒含量达到最大(11.80mg/kg),施锶量500 mg/kg地上部锶含量达到5278.50 mg/kg;田菁富硒能力较差,富锶能力强,因其生物量是紫云英的9倍多,也是一种优良的富硒、锶绿肥植物。     

青海油田注水和集输管线结垢因素及垢组成分析

通过对青海尕斯油田、跃进2号油田矿物组成和流体性质及油藏条件等进行分析,表明这两个油田管线极易产生硫酸钡锶垢.采用离子发射光谱(ICP-AES)和X-射线衍射方法(XRD)分析垢组成及面分布图获得垢矿物成分和细微形貌,表明尕斯E13、跃进2号油田管线垢样主要成分为硫酸钡和硫酸锶垢,并且它们是伴生的(约占60%),其余成分为碳酸钙和碳酸亚铁.     

Aryepiglottic lymphoma in a 19-year-old Paint gelding treated with excision and adjunctive radiotherapy

This case report describes the diagnosis and treatment of an aryepiglottic tumour in a 19-year-old Paint gelding. Diagnostic work-up included physical examination, endoscopic evaluation of the upper airway, and histopathology of the mass following removal. Treatment consisted of surgical excision of the aryepiglottic mass under endoscopic guidance followed by a 100 Gy dose of radiation delivered with strontium-90 plesiotherapy to the surgical bed at 72 h post-operatively. The radiation applicator was passed through the left nostril and the application area was confirmed via endoscopic evaluation. Histopathology, including immunohistochemistry, confirmed that the aryepiglottic tumour was T cell lymphoma. Recheck examination, including physical examination and upper airway endoscopy, was performed 1, 3 and 6 months following treatment and local recurrence was not observed. Local control with minimal morbidity can be achieved with surgical excision of equine lymphoma followed by strontium-90 plesiotherapy.     

Evaluation of a stable‐isotope labelling technique for mass marking fin rays of age‐0 lake sturgeon

Abstract The effectiveness of marking age‐0 lake sturgeon, Acipenser fulvescens Rafinesque, pectoral fin rays with a stable strontium isotope was evaluated. Age‐0 lake sturgeon were reared in water spiked with 0 (control), 25, 50 or 100 μg L^{?1 86}SrC0₃ for 10 and 24 days; fish from each treatment group were retained for up to 120 days post‐labelling to assess mark retention. Enriched‐isotope marks imparted to fin rays were distinct from fin ray ⁸⁸Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios of control fish immediately following marking, with the 100 μg L^{?1 86}SrCO₃ treatments consistently yielding the highest rate of marking success (83–92%). Lower marking success (25–69%) was observed with the 25 and 50 μg L^{?1 86}SrCO₃ treatments. Isotopic marks in fin rays were retained for 120 days post‐labelling. Immersion marking of juvenile fish pectoral fin rays with distinct strontium isotope ratios is possible and does not require sacrificing fish to check for marks.     

American eel, Anguilla rostrata, growth in fresh and salt water: implications for conservation and aquaculture

Abstract  Growth of American eels, Anguilla rostrata (Lesueur), sampled in saltwater bays and adjacent freshwater ponds in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada, was estimated by otolith annulus back-calculation, and related to salinity of growth habitat as determined using otolith strontium:calcium ratios. Eels resident in salt water grew on average in length 2.2 times faster than freshwater residents and increased in weight 5.3 times faster than freshwater residents. Previous findings of superior American eel growth rate in brackish water are thus extended to full-strength salt water. Freshwater residents took an estimated 2.4 times longer than saltwater residents to reach the silver eel stage. The extended time to maturation of eels reared in fresh water increases their vulnerability to fisheries and to bio-accumulation of contaminants. Freshwater eel populations should be managed more conservatively than those in saline waters. The increase in eel growth with salinity suggests that rearing in brackish or salt water could improve growth rates in eel aquaculture.     

四个燕麦品种对锶耐受性的比较研究

为探明燕麦对锶的富集能力和耐受机制,选取了4个燕麦品种(本德、白燕2号、白燕7号和定莜6号),施加不同浓度锶(0、25、100、500和1000 mg/kg)处理30 d,分析燕麦对锶的富集和分配特征、生长指标、丙二醛(MDA)含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性。结果显示:1)燕麦幼苗的根部和地上生物量都随着土壤中锶浓度的升高呈先增加后降低的趋势;2)各器官的富集浓度随着土壤中锶浓度的升高而增加,并表现为叶>根>茎。转运系数随着土壤中锶浓度的升高而降低,在1000 mg/kg时小于1,而在其他锶处理中均大于1。本德在25 mg/kg时的转运系数最高(2.026);3)高浓度锶增加了燕麦的MDA含量并抑制了POD活性,而SOD活性随着锶浓度增加而升高。结果表明,燕麦的根、茎、叶均能积累锶,叶片的富集能力最强。4个燕麦品种具有锶超富集植物的特征。低浓度锶可以诱导燕麦中抗氧化酶活性的增强,促进其生长;高浓度锶处理中SOD和CAT在清除活性氧中发挥重要作用。综合评价,本德可用于治理锶轻度污染地区,而定莜6号可用于治理锶重度污染地区,为燕麦用于锶污染地区的植物修复提供理论依据。     

蚕豆对土壤中锶的累积及其器官分配特征分析

为了调查蚕豆不同生育时期对土壤中锶(Sr)的累积效应及Sr在各器官中的分配特征,采用盆栽试验,以外源施加Sr Cl2·6H2O(稳定同位素88Sr)模拟土壤受放射性核素90Sr污染,分析Sr在蚕豆各生育时期(苗期、现蕾期、开花期、结荚期、成熟期)及各器官中的累积、分配特征。结果显示,随外源Sr污染浓度的增加,蚕豆体内Sr的累积量显著增加(P0.05),各生育时期对Sr的累积量呈现成熟期结荚期开花期现蕾期苗期,生物富集系数(BCF)和转移系数(TF)呈"上升"趋势,Sr在蚕豆各器官中的累积百分比表现为叶茎根(苗期和现蕾期)、茎叶根花(开花期)、根豆荚茎叶(结荚期)和茎叶根荚壳种子(成熟期)。同时,蚕豆根系对Sr的吸收速率与外源Sr污染浓度显著相关。综上认为,Sr在蚕豆体内具有明显的累积效应,并可转移到蚕豆地上部分各器官中,导致这些器官或组织被Sr污染。     

Development and Validation of a New Soil Universal Extractant: 0.02 Molar Strontium Chloride

Abstract

In this experiment, when the strontium chloride–citrate acid extractant (0.02 M SrCl₂–0.05 M citrate) was used for extraction of calcareous soils with calcium carbonate greater than 70 g kg^?1, the filtrate was turbid. Furthermore, white precipitation appeared when this extract was used for phosphorus determination with the Murphy and Riley method. As the concentration of citrate in strontium chloride–citrate acid extractant decreased to 0.025 or 0 M, the filtrate became clean. Further experiments indicated that the 0.02 M SrCl₂ extractant could be used as a universal extractant for soil nitrate+nitrite and potassium; the extracted nitrate+nitrite and potassium significantly correlated with nitrogen and potassium phytoavailability, respectively, determined with ryegrass pot experiment (P<0.05). Thus, the 0.02 M SrCl₂ was recommended as a universal extractant for soil nitrate+nitrite and potassium.     

A simple rapid method for the measurement of exchangeable cations and effective cation exchange capacity

Abstract

A simple single‐extraction procedure for measuring exchangeable cations and effective CEC (ECEC, the CEC at natural pH and ionic strength) has been developed for routine advisory soil analysis. The method is based on the use of Sr (1.26M SrCl₂) to displace exchangeable cations and effective CEC is taken as the sum of the exchangeable cations. A ten minute shaking time at 5 g:80 ml, soil solution ratio, was found to be optimum. Good agreement was found between the proposed method and the standard neutral IN ammonium acetate leaching procedure with correlation coefficients (r) for the individual cations Mg, Ca, Na and K of 0.99***, 0.99***, 0.83*** and 0.96*** respectively. Strontium chloride extracted more Al but less Mn (P<0.01) than IN KC1, but because of the low levels of these cations in relation to the total cations present, there was still a good relationship (r= 0.99) between ECEC determined by 1.26M SrCl₂ and that determined as the sum of ammonium acetate extractable Mg, Ca, Na and K plus IN KCl‐extracted Al and Mn.