钾镁配施对杨梅品质和矿质营养的影响

为提升杨梅产量及品质,分析了钾镁不同配施比例对杨梅果实品质及营养元素的变化特点。结果显示,株施单钾肥1.0 kg,可显著提高杨梅果实单果重、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖及Vc含量,分别比对照组提高17.43%、11.48%、13.23%及19.96%,果实中矿质养分钾、磷、铁含量显著提高;株施单镁肥0.3 kg,可显著提高杨梅果实单果重、可溶性固形物、总糖及Vc含量,分别比对照组提高13.24%、9.60%、10.89%及15.70%;株施镁钾混合配施比例为0.2/0.75 kg时,可显著提高杨梅果实产量、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖及硬度,果实中钾、铁含量显著提高。本研究可为提升杨梅品质的配方施肥技术方案提供依据。     

复合乳酸菌制剂对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、胃肠道pH、肠道形态和盲肠微生物的影响

本研究旨在探究复合乳酸菌制剂(CLP)对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、组织器官指数、胃肠道pH、肠道形态以及盲肠微生物数量的影响.选取1日龄体重相近、健康状况良好的黄羽肉鸡母鸡2100只,随机分成5组,每组6个重复,每个重复70只.对照组饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素组在基础饲粮中添加120 mg/kg的恩拉霉素,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加...     

微囊化沙门菌SP4噬菌体的制备及其缓释特性分析

通过采用阳离子醚化淀粉/海藻酸钠/黄原胶/纳米TiO₂/壳寡糖为原料制备微囊化SP4噬菌体,为控制沙门菌感染提供生物制剂。选用沙门菌SP4噬菌体,采用液滴法来制备微囊化SP4噬菌体,并对其效价、阳离子醚化淀粉浓度、海藻酸钠浓度、黄原胶浓度、壳寡糖浓度、pH稳定性、热稳定性、模拟胃液稳定性、模拟肠液释放行为以及保存稳定性进行分析。结果显示,当阳离子醚化淀粉浓度为2.4%、海藻酸钠浓度为2%、黄原胶浓度为1%、壳寡糖浓度为0.6%时,微囊化SP4噬菌体微球外形规则,包封率为97.5%,在pH5.0~8.0、温度10~30℃、模拟胃液pH2.0、0~30 min和pH3.0、0~150 min噬菌体保持较高的生物学活性,模拟肠液中4 h,噬菌体完全释放,4℃环境下保存6周噬菌体效价无明显降低。综上表明,微囊化沙门菌SP4噬菌体显著提高了噬菌体的稳定性和缓释性能,其耐酸特性利于抵御胃酸的分解,具有应用于生物防治的潜力,为进一步采用多因素试验制备微囊化沙门菌SP4噬菌体奠定了基础。     

全球马流感发生的风险状况研究

目的开展在全球尺度上的马流行性感冒(马流感)发生状况的分析。方法基于数据挖掘方法,借鉴地理风险分析和Kolmogorov-Smirnov统计检验的方法,开展对全球马流感发生态势的分析。结果统计分析认为:(1)全球马流感近十年以来发生涉及范围和区域扩大,发病数量增多,发病频次高,发病态势严重。(2)全球马流感发生的区域特征显著,美洲和欧洲是全球马流感发病态势比较严重的区域,而亚洲相对较美欧的发病态势为弱。(3)在近十年以来,全球尺度上马流感的发生在空间和时间上保持较强的连续性和比较平稳的发展态势,但局部时段的马流感的发生呈现较大的跳跃性。结论美洲和欧洲是目前马流行性感冒发生和流行的主要区域,从该区域输入马匹等马属动物及其产品会带来一定的释放风险.     

Long-term Outcome of Standing Medial Patellar Ligament Splitting to Manage Horses Exhibiting Delayed Patellar Release: 64 Horses

A standing surgical technique for splitting the medial patellar ligament is described, and the long-term (average 4.5-years) efficacy of the procedure in horses exhibiting delayed patellar release is reported. Medical records of 64 horses that underwent a standing medial patellar ligament splitting surgery performed to treat delayed patellar release were analyzed retrospectively. Horses were sedated in standing stocks. A number 15 scalpel blade was used to percutaneously split the medial patellar ligament from just proximal to its insertion on the tibial tuberosity to its attachment on the parapatellar fibrocartilage, with the goal of inducing a localized desmitis and subsequent thickening of the ligament. Aftercare consisted of oral antibiotics, 14 days stall rest with hand walking, light exercise for 14 days, and full work at 4 weeks. Follow-up information was obtained through telephone calls to owners and/or clinical evaluation by a veterinarian. Results showed that 89% of horses benefitted from the procedure, with complete resolution in 58% of horses and improvement in 31% of horses. A total of 73% of horses were able to perform at the desired level following the procedure; 63% of horses showed signs of improvement or resolution within 30 to 60 days. Two horses had complications following the procedure: 1 horse had an incisional infection, and 1 had a medial patellar ligament rupture. This study shows that standing medial patellar ligament splitting is a successful, long-term surgical option for treatment of delayed patellar release. The procedure has few complications and allows rapid return to desired performance.     

缓释复合酸化剂对断奶仔猪消化道酸度及肠道功能的影响

本试验选用28 R龄断奶、平均体质量(7.00±0.10)kg的长白猪(♂)×大白猪(♂)二元杂交仔猪64头,按单因索试验设计原则,研究在玉米一豆粕一膨化大豆型基础日粮中添加不同类型(包被未包被)复合酸化剂对断奶仔猪胃肠道酸度、生产性能、肠组织形态、消化酶活性、肠道微生物菌群及肠黏膜抗体SIgA的影响.试验设4个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复4头猪(公母各半),饲养试验时间为35 d.结果表明,微胶囊型缓释复合酸化剂可以极显著降低断奶仔猪胃和小肠pH(P＜0.01);极显著提高空肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度的比值(P＜0.01);断奶前期,显著提高小肠蔗糖酶和乳糖酶活性(P＜0.05);断奶后期,极显著提高仔猪盲肠和结肠中乳酸杆菌数量,降低大肠杆菌数量(P＜0.01);微胶囊型缓释复合酸化剂还有增加仔猪肠黏膜抗体SIgA分泌量的趋势(P＞0.05).结果提示,在断奶仔猪日粮中添加微胶囊型缓释复合酸化剂,可以通过降低肠道pH,优化肠道微生物区系,改善肠组织形态和功能,从而提高断奶仔猪肠道的消化力和适应性,并促进仔猪生长.     

有机化合物构性相关分析的解析程序

根据有机化合物的构性相关规则 ,用演绎推理的方法建立了有机化合物构性相关分析的解析程序。这一解析程序把有机化合物的构性相关分析归纳成 5个步骤 ,即写出靶结构式 ,找出官能团 ,分析官能团和烃基中所含的每 1根化学键 ,考察分子中各结构单元之间产生的相互影响 ,最后分类总结出有机化合物的全部性能。     

不同施氮量对谷子产量和效益的影响

摘要;以赤谷9号、赤谷10号和峰谷12为材料,研究不同的施氮量（O、150、300、450、600kg／hm2）对谷子品种产量的影响。结果表明：从产量和肥料投资的经济效益两方面考虑,3个谷子品种的产量均在施氮量为450kg／hm2时达到最高,得到的经济效益最大。     

Decomposition Dynamics and Nutrient Release Pattern from Leaf Litters of Five Commonly Occurring Homegarden Tree Species in Mizoram,India

Leaf litter decomposition and nutrient release patterns from five common multipurpose tree species—viz., Artocarpus heterophyllus, Mangifera indica, Areca catechu, Citrus sp., and Tamarindus indica, found in homegardens of Mizoram—were evaluated using a litter bag technique. The result of the study indicates a varying pattern of decomposition and nutrient release (N&P) among the species. Citrus sp. and T. indica were found to be the most labile species with comparatively much higher decay constant and faster nutrient release. Initial nitrogen concentration, lignin content, and lignin/N ratio of foliage litter showed significantly higher (p < .01) correlation with the decay coefficient and were found to be the important determinants in the decay process. The initial slow release and immobilization of N in A. heterophyllus and M. indica leaf litter reflect their potential as a source of nitrogen storage and effective mulching material. While litter from T. indica and Citrus sp. can provide the short-term nutrient need, foliage for the other three species may supply the long-term nutrient requirement for the understory crops in such agroforestry systems.     

家畜排泄物综合处理工艺的研究

对我国广大农村家畜排泄物常规处理存在的利弊进行了调查研究,最终揭示出厌氧发酵制沼气、好氧发酵制复混肥的一套符合我国可持续发展、创建和谐社会、节约型社会的家畜粪便处理的科学、实用方法。