Prematurational Culture with 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine Synchronizes Meiotic Progression of the Germinal Vesicle Stage and Improves Nuclear Maturation and Embryonic Development in In Vitro-grown Bovine Oocytes

The objective of this study was to clarify the effects of prematurational culture (pre-IVM) supplemented with 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) on nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of in vitro-grown bovine oocytes. In experiment 1, oocytes (95 μm in diameter) derived from early antral follicles (0.5–1 mm in diameter) were cultured for 12 days for in vitro growth (IVG). IVG oocytes with a normal appearance were subjected to examinations of diameter and chromatin structure in the germinal vesicle (GV) before IVM. In addition, percentages of metaphase II (M II) were examined after IVM. Regardless of pre-IVM, the mean diameters of IVG oocytes were about 115 μm. The proportions of GV3 (50.0%) and M II stages (80.1%) of IVG oocytes with pre-IVM were higher than those without pre-IVM (28.0 and 49.4%, respectively). In experiment 2, the fertilizability and developmental competence of IVG oocytes were examined. Regardless of pre-IVM, the normal fertilization rates of IVG oocytes were similar (around 70%) but were lower than that of in vivo-grown oocytes (88.0%). Cleavage and blastocyst rates of IVG oocytes with pre-IVM (63.0 and 26.1%, respectively) were higher than those without pre-IVM (45.8 and 12.7%, respectively). The blastocyst rate based on cleaved IVG oocytes with pre-IVM (41.7%) was similar to that of in vivo-grown oocytes (48.7%), although the cleavage rate of IVG oocytes with pre-IVM was lower than that of in vivo-grown oocytes. In conclusion, pre-IVM with IBMX improved the maturational and developmental competences of IVG oocytes, probably due to promotion of their chromatin transition and synchronization of meiotic progression.     

Purified Culture Systems for Bovine Oviductal Stromal Cells

Isolated stromal cells from the ampullary and isthmic parts of bovine oviductal tissues were cultured in monolayer and spheroid (cell aggregate) systems. Prostaglandin F2α (PGF) plays a crucial role in oviductal contraction and is produced by oviductal epithelial cells in cattle. Since stromal cells of many organs produce PGF, PGF production by bovine oviductal stromal cells was investigated. After PGF synthesis was confirmed, the utility of isolation and culture methods for oviductal stromal cells was evaluated by PGF production in the present study. The homogeneity of the cells was > 99%. PGF production of the cells was increased by tumor necrosis factor-α. The stromal cells aggregated and formed a spheroid by the treatments with several reagents. PGF production was higher in the spheroid culture than in the monolayer culture. The isolation and culture methods described here will facilitate studies of the physiological function of bovine oviductal stromal cells.     

Expression Pattern of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Canine Folliculogenesis and its Effect on the Growth and Development of Follicles after Ovarian Organ Culture

In this study, the expressions of VEGF in dog follicles were detected by immunohistochemistry and the effects of VEGF treatment on the primordial to primary follicle transition and on subsequent follicle progression were examined using a dog ovary organ culture system. The frozen‐thawed canine ovarian follicles within slices of ovarian cortical tissue were cultured for 7 and 14 days in presence or absence of VEGF. After culture, the ovaries were fixed, sectioned, stained and counted for morphologic analysis. The results showed that VEGF was expressed in the theca cells of antral follicles and in the granulosa cells nearest the oocyte in preantral follicle but not in granulosa cells of primordial and primary follicles; however, the VEGF protein was expressed in CL. After in vitro culture, VEGF caused a decrease in the number of primordial follicles and concomitant increase in the number of primary follicles that showed growth initiation and reached the secondary and preantral stages of development after 7 and 14 days. Follicular viability was also improved in the presence of VEGF after 7 and 14 days in culture. In conclusion, treatment with VEGF was found to promote the activation of primordial follicle development that could provide an alternative approach to stimulate early follicle development in dogs.     

鲈池塘养殖试验报告

１９９３－１９９４年对鲈养殖的密度、饵料、溶氧、盐度及生长规律等进行了较系研究，对池塘养殖管理直到收获全过程的相关技术进行了试验。结果：养成成活率９０％以上，两年平均，体重２２８．５ｇ，亩产２６４．７５ｋｇ，亩纯利３２７８。５元。１９９５年１月专家鉴定认为，本成果居国内先进水平，其中鲈的当年养殖产量、密度及池塘养殖生物学研究属国内领先水平。     

北京密云县发展农业文化创意产业的研究

通过研究北京密云县发展农业文化创意产业的实践,提出密云县"‘科技-生态-文化-服务’四轮驱动"的农业文化创意产业模式。提高科技水平、加强生态文明建设和文化建设、促进资源聚集、开发可持续产业是发展农业文化创意产业的重要内容。     

红花萱草的花茎花蕾组织快繁技术的研究

取红花萱草的花蕾、花茎外植体,在MS培养基上用不同浓度的细胞分裂素BA和生长素NAA进行培养。结果表明:花茎的分化率比花蕾高,而最适合的培养基配方是:MS+BA 0.5 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L+琼脂8 g/L。可诱导分化出愈伤组织,继代培养愈伤组织增埴的同时可获得健壮的再生植株。最适的生根培养基为:MS+NAA 0.3 mg/L+活性碳0.3 g/L+蔗糖30 g/L+琼脂8 g/L。     

海南菜豆树组织培养与快速繁殖研究

[目的]探讨添加不同浓度激素及其组合培养基对海南菜豆树芽诱导、增殖和生根的影响,为建立海南菜豆树组培快繁体系提供参考依据.[方法]以海南菜豆树幼嫩茎段为外植体,以MS为基本培养基,添加不同浓度6-BA及6-BA与NAA、IBA和NAA组合,进行诱导萌芽、增殖、生根培养研究,分析添加不同浓度激素及其组合的培养基对海南菜豆树组织培养的效果.[结果]海南菜豆树芽的诱导率随6-BA质量浓度的增加而提高,当6-BA质量浓度为4.0mg/L时,芽诱导率达100.0％,且长势良好;当6-BA质量浓度为3.5 mg/L、NAA质量浓度为0.2 mg/L时芽增殖率最高,增值系数达5.8;在生根培养中,当NAA质量浓度为0.2 mg/L、IBA质量浓度为0.3 mg/L时生根率最高,达76.0％.[结论]海南菜豆树最适芽诱导培养基为MS+6-BA 4.0 mg/L;增殖培养以MS+6-BA 3.5 mg/L +NAA 0.2 mg/L效果最好;生根培养以MS+IBA 0.3 mg/L +NAA 0.2 mg/L效果最佳.     

生态文化型的水环境修复与提升——大运河扬州段城市水系的治理

针对大运河扬州段城市水系的特殊性,以科学发展观为指导,探讨了以生态和文化相结合对水环境进行修复和提升的理念。根据各水系特色,提出了对河床、驳岸、滨河绿化、沿岸历史遗存等进行修复与提升的建议,形成和谐统一的水环境人文生态景观,以解决城市发展带来的一些问题,改善城市人居环境,提升城市品位,彰显城市特色。     

淡紫拟青霉E16液体发酵工艺研究

以活菌数为检测指标,通过单因子和正交试验对淡紫拟青霉 E16液体发酵工艺进行优化。结果表明,淡紫拟青霉E16发酵最佳液体培养基配方为：白砂糖1.5％（质量分数,下同）,大豆粉1％,磷酸二氢钾0.1％,硫酸锌0.01％;最佳发酵条件为：起始 pH 值6,500 mL 三角瓶装液量30％,接菌量5％,培养温度30℃,摇床转速150 r／min,培养时间4 d。在最佳发酵培养基和发酵条件下,淡紫拟青霉E16产生的活菌数为9.80×109 cfu／mL,较优化前提高近1个数量级。