Estimation of Runoff,Peak Discharge and Sediment Load at the Event Scale in a Medium‐Size Mediterranean Watershed Using the Annagnps Model

In this paper, the Annualized Agricultural Non‐Point Source (AnnAGNPS) model has been used to estimate runoff, peak discharge and sediment load at the event scale in a Mediterranean watershed. The study area is the Carapelle torrent, Southern Italy (area = 506 km²), where continuous rainfall, streamflow and sediment load data are available. Nineteen flood events have been registered in the period 2007–2009 and were used for the application of the model. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the predictive accuracy of the model at the event scale, in a medium‐size watershed, given the specific conditions of the semi‐arid environments. A sensitivity analysis has been carried out to assign the correct parameterization: the mean normalized output variation of the most meaningful input parameters pointed out the influence of the curve number on runoff, peak discharge and sediment load predictions (values greater than 1); the MN Manning's roughness coefficient and K, C and P factors of the universal soil loss equation showed a moderate influence on sediment load simulations (values between 0·5 and 1). The selection of the Soil Conservation Service synthetic storm types has been based on the observed storm events analysis to improve the peak discharge simulations. The model prediction has proved to be good for runoff (R² = 0·74, NSE = 0·75, W = 0·92) and peak discharge (R² = 0·85, NSE = 0·70, W = 0·94), and satisfactory for sediment yield (R² = 0·70, NSE = 0·63, W = 0·91). The relative error is lower for high events; this result is quite interesting in semi‐arid environments, where most of the annual sediment yield is concentrated in a few, severe events. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Analysis of the Sediment Development and Trend In Jinshajiang River Drainage Area

Jinshajiang River, which has a drainage area of 485,100 Km 2, average flux of 142.9 billion m 3, and soil conveyance of 247 million t/a, is the largest branch of Changjiang river. It is also the largest soil resource of the Three Gorges reservoir and upper reach of Changjiang River. To research the development and trend of Jinshajiang sediment not only has a relation to Jinshajiang water resource strategy, but also has important meaning to control the silt in Three Gorges reservoir and the Changjiang water resource development. The paper statistically analyses the flux and sediment conveyance of the Pingshan station, which is the primary hydrological station in the Jinshajiang River Drainage Area. Through several non-parameter statistical methods such as Spearman order correlativity check, Kendell order correlativity check, and linear regression check, the paper concludes that the sediment evolvement trend of Pingshan station is not distinct.     

Enterprise Culture and Enterprise Credit in Enterprise Core Competitive Force

Based on the content of enterprise culture and enterprise credit, it is pointed out that the enterprise culture related to the enterprise core competitive force.In this paper, from the viewpoint of combining theory with practice, the intension, function and mutual relations between them are described and their significance in the market competition as well.The potential things,which the enterprise staffs are seeking for, from its inherent mind and the enterprise theory are the enterprise culture which becomes the enterprise core competitive force in its actual sense.The enterprise credit, as the enterprise culture in its ideological sphere, is an essential factor, which greatly affects the enterprise core competitive force.At last the authors provide some good suggestions on how to cultivate enterprise credit and to build enterprise culture.     

硝酸钙在底泥修复中的作用机理及

受污染底泥的修复已经成为水环境修复中的重要组成部分，在底泥中注入硝酸钙则是近十多年来发展起来的一种污染底泥原位处理技术。全面分析了硝酸钙在底泥修复中去除有机物、抑制磷的释放以及消除水体黑臭现象的机理，并介绍了这一技术在国内外的研究和应用状况。研究成果表明：在底泥中注入硝酸钙的技术已从实验室和中试研究阶段发展到了实际的工程动作阶段，并且在有机物PAHS的降解和硫化物的去除方面已经得到了很好的效果。     

Main experiences on design and management of the Dujiangyan irrigation system

The largescale Dujiangyan Irrigation System has had a long history. Built some 2200 years ago, it still operates smoothly today. Two major causes for the obvious profits it has provided are:Firstly, Yuzui (a bifurcation pier), Feishayan (a sand outlet and spillway) and Baopingkou (a diversion intake for the general trunk canal), the three main head-works were built in accordance with the terrain and topography of the river and appropriately arranged, thus successfully solving the problem of sand discharge and flood control. Consequently the task of gravity diversion could be fulfilled over a long period.Secondly, there is a special management and maintenance system, which is made up of a technical and an administrative department. The former is in charge of the maintenance and drawing-up of flood control and water consuming plans. The latter is responsible to mobilize and organize farmers which benefit from the system to carry out related plans and tasks. The most apparent characteristics of management is that many farmers are organized to participate in the management of this irrigation system. At present, techniques like remote control and telemetery have been adopted. Also experiments on management automation and optimization of water allocation are being conducted.     

Passage of sediment through flumes and over weirs

This paper reports on laboratory research on the sediment passagecapability through long-throated flumes and broad-crested weirs withwhich the Froude number in the approach channel does not exceed 0.6over a distance of about 20 times the water depth upstream of thestructure. Design rules are given for any combination of flume or weirin combination with any channel.     

知识管理与企业核心竞争力的培育

本文阐述了知识管理和企业核心竞争力的内涵,论证了知识管理的重要性及知识管理能够创造企业的竞争优势,提高企业的核心竞争力。最后给出了知识管理所需要的条件,以作为企业进行知识管理调整和改革的参考。     

引水渠道口门泥沙淤积计算

引水渠是一种常见的河道分流形式，由于主河道与引水渠之间往往有一定的夹角，水流从分汊前主河道流入引水渠时必然在一定的范围内发生一定程度的弯曲，其结果是有利于较多较粗的泥沙分入引水渠，导致渠道口门产生较为严重的淤积现象，而渠道口门淤积问题是决定引水工程是否成败的主要因素之一，通过一维非恒定流水沙沙数学模型，研究了不同水沙条件下引江济汉工程引水渠道口门泥沙淤积厚度变化规律，并分析了糙率对口门淤积厚度的影响情况，模型的计算结果与水流运动规律相吻合，可以为渠道引水防沙设计提供技术支持。     

京杭运河底泥起动和冲刷率试验研究

京杭运河是南水北调东线工程的重要输水通道,减少底泥冲刷引起的污染对保护其水质有重要的作用。利用文献中的底泥起动流速公式和冲刷率公式,推导出起动摩阻流速与湿密度公式、摩阻流速与冲刷率公式。以京杭运河底泥在水槽内进行不同湿密度的起动试验和不同水流条件下的冲刷率试验。试验结果用最小二乘法进行拟合,得到底泥起动时临界起动摩阻流速与湿密度的相关关系,冲刷时摩阻流速与冲刷率的相关关系。结果表明,有关试验数据的相关性较好,对实际工程应用有一定的指导意义。