Analysis on the Effect of Moisture Migration through Walls on Heat Transfer

A dynamic mathematical model for simulating the coupled heat and moisture transfer through walls was proposed with variable material properties. Relative humidity and temperature were chosen as the driving potentials. The temperature and relative humidity and heat flux of wall surface were calculated under varying boundary conditions and compared with those without taking moisture transfer into account. The results show that without and with absorption and desorption processes, the wall interior surface temperature amplitude of the former case is lager than that of the latter, and the average difference temperature of two cases is 0.9℃. The phase change latent heat caused by absorption and desorption of wall surface takes up 27.5% of the total heat transfer quantity, which cant be neglected.     

ELISA法对禽蛋中氯霉素残留量检测

试样中残留的氯霉素与氯霉素酶标记物共同竞争氯霉素抗体,形成有酶标记或无酶标记的抗原抗体复合物而被吸附于微孔底板。用酶标仪在波长450 nm处测定吸光度,根据吸光度得出样品中氯霉素的残留量。对禽蛋中氯霉素残留量进行测定,并对其加标回收率、再现性、重复性进行了分析研究,均能够达到国际氯霉素残留量的检测要求。     

枣树小冠疏层形空间产量分布及果实品质比较

为了探究枣树小冠疏层形的结构特点、各冠层产量分布及果实品质状况,为枣树造形提供理论支撑,以‘鲁枣2号’枣为试材,研究枣树小冠疏层形的个体结构、生长特性、产量分布及果实品质差异。结果表明：小冠疏层形中间冠层为产量主要分布层,枣果数与枣吊数最多,但是果枝比较其他2个冠层要低,下层平均单果重最大,上层叶绿素SPAD值、叶面积、枣吊长度和果实可溶性固形物含量均比下层高。因此,在对枣树小冠疏层形进行整形修剪时,要严格控制树冠上层的营养生长,适当控制中间冠层侧枝长度,缩放下部冠层侧枝,这样有利于提高果实的品质和产量。     

The genetic relationship between popping expansion volume and two yield components in popcorn using unconditional and conditional QTL analysis

Popping expansion volume (PEV) is the most important quality trait in popcorn, while its germplasm is inferior to normal dent/flint corn in yield. In this study, 259 F_2:3 families, developed from the cross between a dent corn inbred Dan232 and a popcorn inbred N04, were evaluated for their PEV, grain weight per plant (GWP) and 100-grain weight (100 GW) in two environments. The genetic relationship between PEV and GWP, and 100 GW on individual gene loci were evaluated using unconditional and conditional QTL mapping methods. In total, five, one and three unconditional QTL were identified for PEV, GWP, and 100 GW, respectively. The positive alleles of all QTL for PEV were from N04, while positive alleles of all QTL for GWP and 100 GW were from Dan232. In conditional mapping, one and two QTL failed to be detected, and all four additional QTL were detected. Nevertheless, three QTL were identified, which controlled PEV independently from GWP/100 GW. They seemed to be potential candidates in popcorn breeding to increase PEV without decreasing GWP/100 GW. The results suggested that for significantly correlated traits, the conditional QTL mapping method could be used to dissect the genetic interrelationship between traits at the level of individual QTL, as well as reveal additional QTL that were undetectable by unconditional mapping.     

Preparation and photocatalytic properties of Pt and Crco doped Nano TiO2 films 

Pt and Cr co doped Nano TiO2 film was prepared by the sol gel method. The film was characterized by AFM, XRD and UV Vis. The experiment showed that when the average TiO2 film diameter is 32 nm and the film thickness is 290 nm, the rate of photodegradation is 95% in 2.5 hours. Additionally, when the optimal co doping ratio for Pt Cr is n(Pt): n(TiO2) equals 0.03% and n(Cr):n(TiO2) equals 0.4%, the photodegradation of methylene blue for Nano TiO2 film can be enhanced. The photocatalytic properties of Pt and Cr co doped Nano TiO2 film is better than that of pure TiO2 and Pt, Cr separately doped TiO2 film.     

我国开展食品安全风险分析的问题与对策

食品安全风险分析既是先进的管理模式,又是科学的思维方式。近几年我国食品安全事件频发,需要加快开展食品安全风险分析,以防患于未然。介绍了食品安全风险分析的基本原理,指出了我国开展食品安全风险分析的问题,并提出有关对策,以期对提高我国的食品安全水平有所裨益。     

公顷产10000kg小麦氮素和干物质积累与分配特性

以泰山23和济麦22为试验品种,通过连续2年的田间试验,对单产高达10 000 kg hm^-2的小麦进行了施氮量和氮素吸收转运和分配特性的研究。在2006-2007年生长季,随着施氮量的增加,小麦籽粒产量先增加后降低,施纯氮240 kg hm^-2 (N240)和270 kg hm^-2(N270)处理的产量分别达9 954.73 kg hm^-2和10 647.02 kg hm^-2,比不施氮肥处理(N0)分别增加11.20%和18.93%。与N0处理相比,施氮处理显著增加了小麦植株氮素积累量、籽粒氮素积累量和开花后营养器官氮素向籽粒的转运量;随着施氮量的增加,成熟期小麦植株氮素积累量呈先增后降趋势,以N270处理最高;开花后营养器官氮素向小麦籽粒转运量和转运率先升后降,转运量以N270处理最大,为213.78 kg hm^-2;而转运率以N240处理最高,为67.98%。随施氮量的增加,小麦成熟期各器官干物质积累量、花后营养器官干物质再分配量和再分配率先增后降,均以N270处理最高;开花后干物质积累对籽粒的贡献率亦呈先增后降的趋势,以N240处理最高。2005-2006年的试验结果呈相同变化趋势。在本试验条件下,小麦产量水平达10 000 kg hm^-2时的适宜施氮量为240~270 kg hm^-2,可供生产中参考。     

海南岛油脂植物种质资源

能源危机成为当今世界重大的热点问题,能源植物是缓解能源危机的重要突破口。通过查阅相关文献,概述了海南岛主要含油部位含油量≥30％的油脂植物50科116属163种,引种栽培74种,野生资源89种,油脂植物种质资源丰富,分布集中,热带特征明显,且多为木本。全国有53种木本油料的种子油可作为发展生物柴油最适合原料,其中31种海南有分布。列举了含油量高、适合在海南气候条件下生长、具有开发潜力的油脂植物18种并对海南岛油脂植物资源的开发利用提出建议。     

Effects of Deficit Drip Irrigation Ratios on Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Yield and Fibre Quality

Increasing irrigation costs and declining water availability compel producers to adapt irrigation strategies for maximum crop yield and water use efficiency. A field trial was conducted to observe the effects of various drip irrigation ratios (IR-0, IR-25, IR-50, IR-75 and IR-100) on water use efficiency (WUE), the irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE), lint yield, yield components and fibre quality at two upland cotton varieties during 2004 and 2005. WUE was found to increase from 0.62 to 0.71 kg m⁻³ as the irrigation water applied was reduced from 100 % to 75 % of soil water depletion. Deficit irrigation of cotton with drip irrigation at 75 % treatment level (IR-75) did not decrease seed cotton yield and yield components during 2 years, with the exception of the number of bolls in 2005. Among fibre quality parameters, no significant differences in fibre length, fineness, uniformity index and elongation were detected between the 100 % and 75 % irrigation levels in 2005. The results revealed that irrigation of cotton with a drip irrigation method at 75 % level had significant benefits in terms of saved irrigation water without reducing yield, and high WUE indicated a definitive advantage of employing deficit irrigation under limited water supply conditions.     

同异分析法在评价气象因子与水稻产量关系中的初步研究

运用同异分析法,分析和评价了信阳市1996～2005年度水稻生长期间主要气象因子,结果表明：1997、1999和2001年为丰产年份;1996、1998、2002和2004年为平产年份;2000、2003和2005年为歉产年份。分析方法切实可行,评价结论客观合理,为科学评价年度间的水稻气象产量提供了一条新的途径。