Notes on the Bathypelagic Fauna of the Seas Around South Africa

The preliminary results of a study of the endemic giant tortoise population of Aldabra Atoll in the Indian Ocean (Geochehne gigantea Schweigger) are briefly described. Their number would appear to have increased dramatically since the turn of the century to their present level of some 141 000 individuals. Crude estimates of mortality and reproductive rates are also given.     

草原蝗虫空间格局及其抽样技术的研究

根据改进的m*=α′ β′m γm2模型和聚集度指标,研究了草原混合种群的空间分布.结果表明,蝻期蝗虫呈聚集分布,在聚集的个体群内,个体间是相互排斥的.成虫期分布的基本成分是个体群,个体间相互吸引,而个体群的分布是均匀的.以聚集度(m*/m)的时序动态表明,蝗蝻初期呈均匀分布,盛期呈聚集分布,成虫期为均匀分布.在测报和防治中,混合种群的理论抽样数为20～40个样点.     

Comparison of methods to assess dog owners' therapeutic compliance

Objective To compare different methods for assessing the compliance of veterinary clients administering medication to their dogs.
Procedure Thirty-one owners whose dogs were prescribed amoxycillin-clavulanate, twice and thrice daily, for a duration of five to seven days were recruited from three Sydney veterinary hospitals. Compliance was assessed by electronic monitoring devices, return medication counts, client self-reports and veterinarians' estimation of likely compliance.
Results Electronic monitoring showed owners administered on average 84% (range 7 to 104%) of prescribed medication to their dogs. Both return medication counts and client self-reports tended to overestimate therapeutic compliance when compared with electronic monitoring. When questioned, the majority of owners (71%) claimed perfect compliance with the prescribed regimen. No correlation was found between veterinarians' estimates of owner compliance and that assessed electronically.
Conclusion Electronic monitoring provided valuable information on dose timing and variation, but proved costly and difficult to employ in veterinary practice. Simplicity and low cost of return medication counts makes this method attractive for use in veterinary compliance studies. Client self-reports reliably detected some noncompliers and permitted identification of individual problems or errors. For practical purposes a combination of return medication counts and client self-reports may have merit in future veterinary compliance studies.     

草地遥感估产的原理与方法

在介绍草地遥感估产的原理和方法的基础上,分析了单纯的遥感模型、遥感模型与地学模型相结合等不同估产方法及草地面积动态监测的特点和存在问题,并对草地遥感估产方法发展趋势做了总结。随着遥感技术的发展,草地遥感估产技术和方法也将继续发展,基于遥感数据和方法的草地估产模型更加趋于成熟,其应用也将向草原生态系统、草地退化监测、草地植被生长监测等领域扩展。     

Genetic structure of the Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) population: Are tigers in Sikhote‐Alin and southwest Primorye truly isolated?

We used molecular genetic analyses to noninvasively identify individual Amur tigers and define subpopulations of tigers in the Russian Far East. We identified 63 individuals after genotyping 256 feces, 7 hair and 11 blood samples collected within southern, central and northern Sikhote‐Alin, as well as Southwest Primorye. Analysis of nuclear DNA at 9 microsatellite loci demonstrated greater genetic similarity between animals from southern and northern Sikhote‐Alin (some 500 km apart) than between animals from Ussuriskii State Nature Reserve and Southwest Primorye (less than 10 km apart at their nearest point), suggesting that a true barrier exists preventing movements of tigers between Southwest Primorye and the southern Sikhote‐Alin Mountains.     

NOAA资料在草地资源监测中的应用研究

本文阐述了如何利用ＮＯＡＡ资料进行草地监测和产草量估计，在对不同时象的植被指数景象进行纠正的配准后，可叠加得到平均植被指数影象ＡＶＩ。使用聚类分析和数字地面高程模型，可将纠正的平均植被指数影象ＡＲＶＩ制成草地产量等级图。依据草地产量等级图，可对阜康县的１０个不同的草地产量级及其总产量给出准确的估计。     

Heritability and genetic correlation estimates of semen production traits with litter traits and pork production traits in purebred Duroc pigs

We estimated heritabilities of semen production traits and their genetic correlations with litter traits and pork production traits in purebred Duroc pigs. Semen production traits were semen volume, sperm concentration, proportion of morphologically normal sperms, total number of sperm, and total number of morphologically normal sperm. Litter traits at farrowing were total number born, number born alive, number stillborn, total litter weight at birth, mean litter weight at birth, and piglet survival rate at birth. Litter traits at weaning were litter size at weaning, total litter weight at weaning, mean litter weight at weaning, and piglet survival rate from birth to weaning. Pork production traits were average daily gain, backfat thickness, and loin muscle area. We analyzed 45,913 semen collection records of 896 boars, 6,950 farrowing performance records of 1,400 sows, 2,237 weaning performance records of 586 sows, and individual growth performance records of 9,550 animals measured at approximately 5 mo of age. Heritabilities were estimated using a single-trait animal model. Genetic correlations were estimated using a 2-trait animal model. Estimated heritabilities of semen production traits ranged from 0.20 for sperm concentration to 0.29 for semen volume and were equal to or higher than those of litter traits, ranging from 0.06 for number stillborn and piglet survival rate at birth to 0.25 for mean litter weight at birth, but lower than those of pork production traits, ranging from 0.50 for average daily gain to 0.63 for backfat thickness. In many cases, the absolute values of estimated genetic correlations between semen production traits and other traits were smaller than 0.3. These estimated genetic parameters provide useful information for establishing a comprehensive pig breeding scheme.     

饲用调味剂稳定性的评价与研究

本文阐述了通过冷冻聚焦顶空累积进样毛细管气相色谱评价调味剂稳定性的方法,并针对调味剂应用中大家所关切的问题,对市售仔猪调味剂加入饲料后自然贮放和制粒温度下加热不同时间“香气”的衰减情况进行了实际研究与探讨,分析了影响调味剂稳定性的主要因素及产品开发应用中应注意的问题。文章还结合动物偏好试验,得出了一些具有参考意义的结果。     

家蚕产卵量的基因效应参数估计

用产卵量差异较大的两个近交系782和Ekp作亲本,配制了F1、F2正反交及F1与两亲本的回交B1和B2,加上两亲本P1和P2共8个世代,采用多世代平均值的多元回归分析方法对产卵量的基因效应参数进行了估计,得到了如下结果：（1）建立了分析家蚕产卵量的常染色体基因加性、显性和性染色体基因加性效应的非二体遗传模型,并通过实际数据检验表明产卵量遗传符合这个模式;（2）产卵量的遗传主要取决于常染色体上基因加性效应,其次是性染色体基因加性效应,显性效应很小。