围产前期饲喂DCAD对奶牛营养代谢疾病的影响

试验通过在奶牛围产前期日粮中以?瘙
厫560 g/kg的标准添加阴离子盐,以观察DCAD的饲喂效果.结果表明:在奶牛围产前期饲喂阴离子盐有利于牛体健康,能显著降低产后瘫痪及乳房炎的发病率(P＜0.05),极显著降低胎衣不下和子宫内膜炎的发病率(P＜0.01),同时有利于奶牛产后体况的恢复,缩短奶牛产后第一次发情时间26.5天(P＜0.05),显著提高奶牛产奶量,产后30天奶牛日产奶量可提高11.7%(P＜0.05).     

Acupuncture Needle Stimulation on Some Physiological Parameters After Road Transport and Physical Exercise in Horse

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of acupuncture (AG) treatment on some hematochemical parameters in five Thoroughbred horses after road transport and exercise. Horses competed in two official races. For each race, animals were transported from their stables to the racetrack. Horses transported and competed in the first race represent the control group. Two weeks later, the same horses competed in the second race. Before road transport, they were treated with AG. From animals, blood samples were collected at rest (T_PRE), after unloaded (T_POST), 30 minutes after unloaded (T_POST30), at rest in the transit stall (R_PRE), at the end of the race (R_POST), and 30 minutes after the race (R_POST30). The effect of transport, exercise, and AG was evaluated on blood lactate, glucose, red blood cell, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, and erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF) values. A significant effect of transport (P < .05) and exercise (P < .01) was found on all studied parameters in both groups. A significant effect of AG on lactate, glucose, and EOF values was found in transported (P < .001) and exercised horses (P < .05). The results found in this study showed that transport and exercise are potential stressors for the athlete horse that may affect its welfare and physical performance. The data suggest that AG stimulation promoted the increase of blood glucose values and the reduction of lactate and EOF levels suggesting its role in the improvement of the physiological adaptation to stressful stimuli and of physical performance of Thoroughbred horses.     

兰州市黄河风情线行道树柳树穴土壤有机质及盐碱特征

采集黄河风情线沿岸行道树柳树穴土壤,研究其有机质、全盐、pH等理化性质,以摸清园林绿地土壤的基本性状。结果表明,土壤有机质在表层土壤含量较高,深层土壤有机质含量相对较低;北滨河路中山桥一龙源段有机质平均含量最高,银滩桥一南滨河路秀川桥段有机质平均含量最低;土壤全盐含量绝大多数处于较低的水平,对种植植物不会产生盐害作用,60～80cm土层有全盐含量较高的现象,即为盐渍化土壤;土壤pH全部是碱性和强碱性土壤。     

Silica Urolithiasis in the Dromedary Camel in a Subtropical Climate

In 1998, two cases of silica urolithiasis occurred in castrated male dromedaries on an intensive camel farm in the Canary Islands. The immediate attributable cause was the ingestion of large amounts of silica in the feed, estimated as 84.44 g/day. An associated cause was the low level of salt in the diet. Daily ingestion of salt from feed and water was estimated to be 21.8 g (8.6 g of sodium). Seventy-six castrated males from the same farm were divided into four groups: group A received 30 g of salt daily; group B received 40 g; group C received 60 g; and group D received no added salt in the diet (control). The animals were maintained on these dietary regimes for 2 years. No animals from groups A, B or C suffered overt urinary retention. One animal from group D had an obstructive urinary retention 10 months after the study commenced. Thus, 52 g of salt daily appears to be sufficient to prevent urinary retention in dromedaries raised in a subtropical climate.     

不同盐分胁迫对高冰草种子发芽的影响

对高冰草种子在4种盐分NaCl、Na2SO4、Na2CO3、NaHCO3的8个不同浓度(0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%、1.0%、1.2%、1.4%、1.6%)的胁迫下进行发芽试验,分别观测其发芽情况,胚根和幼苗的生长。结果表明:高冰草种子的发芽率随盐分浓度的增加而降低。其耐盐顺序为Na2SO4>NaCl>NaHCO3>Na2CO3。     

盐胁迫对离体百合不定芽诱导及生理活性的影响

采用组织培养法研究了5种NaCl浓度0％,0.3％,0.5％,0.8％,1.2％对百合不定芽诱导、生长及丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸、蛋白质含量和过氧化物酶活性的影响.结果表明:百合对盐胁迫极为敏感,随NaCl浓度的增加,百合不定芽形成频率逐渐降低,不定芽及不定根生长缓慢,且在1.2％NaCl浓度下,无不定芽及根的形成.进...     

PEG和NaCl胁迫对草木樨种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

以筛选出的5份优异草木樨(Melilotus)种质PI595335、MO-LX04、PI595388、Ames19257和PI593234为材料,分别用不同渗透势的PEG(0、-0.3、-0.6、-0.9、~(-1).2、~(-1).5 MPa)及不同浓度的NaCl溶液(0、50、100、150、200、300mmol·L~(-1))模拟干旱和盐碱胁迫条件,采用纸上发芽法进行种子萌发试验,测定发芽率、发芽势、胚根幼苗长、发芽指数、活力指数等指标,并综合比较不同种质的抗旱及耐盐能力。结果表明,1)高渗透势(≥-0.3 MPa)的条件能不同程度地促进5份种质的萌发,对PI595335、MO-LX04、PI595388胚根和幼苗的生长有一定抑制作用,对Ames19257、PI593234胚根和幼苗的生长有显著的(P0.05)促进作用;而较低渗透势(≤-0.9 MPa)则显著抑制(P0.05)所有种子的萌发与幼苗生长。2)不同浓度的NaCl溶液对5份种质草木樨幼苗的生长均有显著的(P0.05)抑制作用,而低浓度的NaCl(≤100mmol·L~(-1))溶液能促进草木樨种子的萌发。3)用模糊数学隶属法综合评价结果显示,5份草木樨种质在种子萌发期抗旱性强弱为Ames19257PI593234MO-LX04PI595335PI595388,耐盐性强弱为PI593234Ames19257PI595388MO-LX04PI595335。其中Ames19257和PI593234在抗旱性和耐盐模拟试验中的表现均明显优于其它3份草木樨种质,更适于为今后杂交创制新种质提供遗传材料或在西北干旱、盐碱地区种植。     

利用兽药典方法对青霉素钾工业盐和原料药的检测比较

为了辨别青霉素钾工业盐和青霉素钾原料药,依据《中国兽药典》中青霉素钾的质量标准,对四家青霉素原料药生产企业提供的4批青霉素钾工业盐和4批青霉素钾原料药进行了检测,项目包括性状、鉴别、吸光度、结晶性、溶液澄清度与颜色、青霉素聚合物、干燥失重、不溶性微粒、酸碱度、有关物质、细菌内毒素、可见异物、无菌和含量测定。结果表明,8批样品均符合现行兽药典青霉素钾标准中各项规定,但结果无法用以区分青霉素钾工业盐和青霉素钾原料药,提示青霉素钾的质量标准需进一步完善,以提高对成品药——注射用青霉素钾的质量控制。     

干旱荒漠区4种一年生植物种子萌发期耐盐性

采用不同浓度的NaCl溶液对4种一年生草本植物雾冰藜(Bassia dasyphylla)、白茎盐生草(Halogeton arachnoideus)、沙米(Agriophyllum squarrosum)和画眉草(Eragrostis pilosa)种子进行处理,通过测定种子相对发芽率、相对发芽势、发芽指数等指标,分析了种子萌发期耐盐差异性。结果表明:1)随着NaCl溶液浓度的增大,种子发芽率呈逐渐下降的趋势,在蒸馏水中第3天达到了发芽高峰,发芽基本结束,在NaCl溶液中第7天结束发芽。2)随NaCl溶液浓度逐渐增大,4种植物种子发芽率和发芽势均呈先增加后降低的趋势,同一植物种子发芽率和发芽势在不同浓度NaCl溶液中存在显著差异(P <0.05)。NaCl溶液浓度对白茎盐生草种子发芽率和发芽势影响较大,画眉草次之,其余两种较小。3)随NaCl溶液浓度逐渐增大,4种植物种子发芽指数呈下降趋势,雾冰藜活力指数显著高于白茎盐生草、沙米和画眉草种子;盐胁迫对画眉草发芽指数和活力指数影响较大,当NaCl溶液浓度达到2.1%时,幼苗活力指数降到最低。4) 4种植物幼苗长度均随NaCl浓度增...     

NaCl胁迫对赖草幼苗生理特性的影响

以赖草为材料,用不同浓度NaCl(100、200、300、400、500、600、700mmol/L)对赖草进行处理,通过测定叶片含水量、根冠比(R/T)、丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性糖、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,研究赖草的耐盐能力。结果表明,NaCl浓度低于400mmol/L时赖草叶片含水量、根冠比(R/T)与对照相比变化不显著(P0.05);随NaCl浓度增加,SOD活性和可溶性糖含量呈先上升后下降的趋势;MDA含量呈上升的趋势。赖草在400mmol/L NaCl胁迫下能正常生长,当浓度达到500mmol/L时生长受到影响。