盐地碱蓬SsDHN基因的功能分析

脱水素(DHN)是一种在逆境下起重要作用的功能性蛋白.为了分析脱水素蛋白在抗盐碱方面的作用机制,本研究以从盐地碱蓬中克隆获得的脱水素(SsDHN)基因为研究对象,对基因序列进行生物信息学分析,结果表明盐地碱蓬的脱水素蛋白为部分无序的亲水性蛋白,含1个S-片段和3个K-片段,属于SKn型脱水素蛋白.通过实时荧光定量PCR...     

旱盐互作对盐地碱蓬生长及其渗透调节物质的影响

采用盆栽土培的方法,研究了不同干旱条件下盐胁迫对盐地碱蓬生长及其渗透调节物质的影响.结果表明:适量NaCl可提高干旱条件下盐地碱蓬的生物量和植株含水量,缓解其干旱胁迫.盐分改变了干旱条件下盐地碱蓬的渗透调节物质,随着盐浓度的增加,叶片中Na 、Cl-的积累增加,而叶片中的K 积累减少;干旱条件下,叶片Na 、Cl-以及K 的积累增加,增强了盐地碱蓬在干旱条件下的渗透调节能力.叶片中脯氨酸的积累随着土壤含盐量和土壤干旱程度的增加而增加.     

生态友好型抑尘剂的制备及性能

为控制中国北方裸露农田土壤风蚀,改善城市环境质量,该文以盐地碱蓬籽饼为主要原料,以十二烷基苯磺酸钠、羧甲基纤维素钠、聚乙烯醇等为辅料,经生物改性,制备了一种生态友好型抑尘剂并研究了其保湿性、水稳定性、抗风蚀性等性能以及该抑尘剂对种子出苗率及农田土壤土质的影响。结果表明,该抑尘剂喷洒后易形成团粒结构,可起到保护表层土壤的作用;在25℃时,黏度可高达到55.1 mPa·s,常温下使用时具有较好的黏结性能;保湿时间可以延长至72 h以上,具有良好的保湿性;能够抗击4次雨水冲蚀,具有较好的水稳性;单位面积土壤颗粒累积损失量小于0.7 g/m2,抑尘效率提高了99%以上;可增加土壤中植物生长所需的一些营养成分,可提高作物出苗率,促进作物生长;每平方米的使用成本约为0.5元。该文可为今后抑尘剂研究与实践提供参考。     

Growth response of Suaeda salsa (L.) Pall to graded NaCl concentrations and the role of chlorine in growth stimulation

Abstract

Growth response of a halophyte species, Suaeda salsa (L.) Pall, to graded NaCl concentrations was examined under water culture conditions. Growth increased with increasing NaCl concentration from 2 to 200 mol m^?3, but decreased at NaCl concentrations above 200 mol m^?3. Maximum growth was attained at 50 to 200 mol m^?3. The role of Na and Cl in the growth stimulation by NaCl was examined by growing S. salsa in nutrient solutions with or without Na and Cl separately at 5 and 50 mol m^?3. The growth stimulation induced by Cl was greater than that induced by Na, and Na did not significantly induce growth stimulation. The effect of Na or Cl on O₂ evolution from leaves was examined under 5 and 50 mol m^?3 concentrations using an oxygen electrode. Oxygen evolution from leaves in –Cl treatments was smaller than that in +Cl treatments both at 5 and 50 mol m^?3. The O₂ evolution in Na treatments with Cl was similar to that at NaCl. These results indicated that the mechanism of growth stimulation induced by Cl was mainly an increased photosystem II of photosynthesis in leaves. The contribution of Na on the growth stimulation of S. salsa by NaCl was smaller than Cl.     

碱蓬多酚氧化酶基因的克隆及序列分析

多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidase,PPO)是一类植物体内广泛存在的由核基因编码的能与铜结合的金属蛋白酶,是碱蓬甜菜红素合成的第一关键酶.以盘锦红海滩碱蓬(盐地碱蓬)为研究材料,采用同源克隆法,根据植物中已克隆出的PPO序列进行引物设计,利用RT-PCR和RACE技术,从碱蓬中克隆出的PPO基因cDNA全长为1830bp,编码609个氨基酸.序列分析表明,与其他植物PPO核苷酸序列的相似性为69％～87％,氨基酸的相似性为49％～62％.碱蓬多酚氧化酶基因的成功克隆,为碱蓬甜菜红素的研究和利用打下了坚实的理论基础.     

Interactive Effect of Moisture Levels and Salinity Levels of Soil on the Growth and Ion Relations of Halophyte

Abstract

A pot culture experiment with four levels of soil moisture (40, 55, 70, and 85% of field capacity) and five levels of sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mM) in soil was conducted to examine the interactive effect of soil moisture and NaCl on the growth of halophyte Suaeda salsa. Results showed that growth was largest at 55% of field capacity, in the range of 50–100 mM NaCl. However, at 85% of field capacity, it can grow better at higher salinity levels; and at 40% of field capacity, the growth of S. salsa was increased greatly by moderate salinity. Contents of sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) in plant tissues increased with the decrease of moisture levels of soil. Potassium (K) concentrations were also increased at low soil moisture. Drought tolerance was increased by moderate NaCl concentrations. It is thus considered that some amounts of Na and Cl are required to absorb water in this plant.     

盐地碱蓬甜菜红素对骨骼肌疲劳的影响

试验旨在探讨盐地碱蓬甜菜红素改善疲劳状态下肌力减退的作用。采用脉冲式电流直接刺激腓肠肌作为疲劳模型,对比盐地碱蓬甜菜红素和任氏液分别对蟾蜍腓肠肌疲劳的影响。结果表明,盐地碱蓬甜菜红素在浓度为0.005、0.01、0.02 mg/mL时,离体腓肠肌达到最大收缩幅度90%、50%和10%的时间显著长于在任氏液作用下的离体腓肠肌(P<0.05);0.02 mg/mL的盐地碱蓬甜菜红素也极显著的延长了在体腓肠肌达到最大收缩幅度90%、50%和10%的时间(P<0.01)。因此,盐地碱蓬甜菜红素具有延缓肌肉疲劳的作用。     

海水养殖废水灌溉对碱蓬和海蓬子生长和品质的影响

通过田间试验,研究了海水养殖废水灌溉对碱蓬和海蓬子生长特性和品质的影响。结果表明:在7月中下旬,海水养殖废水灌溉显著降低了碱蓬的株高、基茎以及生物量,但并未影响海蓬子生物量。海水养殖废水灌溉对两种海水蔬菜的品质也产生了影响。海水养殖废水灌溉条件下碱蓬的蛋白质、可溶性总糖以及游离氨基酸含量均显著降低,而海蓬子可溶性总糖和游离氨基酸含量却显著增加。从矿质品质来看,7月15日,海水养殖废水显著降低了碱蓬Na+含量和海蓬子Ca2+含量,却提高了碱蓬K+,Mg2+含量和海蓬子Na+,K+含量。7月28日,海水养殖废水灌溉提高了碱蓬Na+含量和海蓬子Mg2+含量,却抑制了碱蓬的K+,Mg2+吸收。总体来说,在浙江温州滩涂上,海蓬子较碱蓬更适合海水养殖废水灌溉。     

盐地碱蓬PsaH基因的克隆及生物信息学分析

【目的】PsaH基因是编码光合反应光系统I(PSI)复合蛋白H亚基的基因。为深入开展该基因的耐盐功能研究及其在盐生植物耐盐机制中的作用提供了基础,并为改良作物耐盐性分子育种提供候选基因。【方法】研究从盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)盐胁迫文库中筛选出一个与耐盐相关的PsaH基因,经测序获得全长cDNA序列,命名为SsPsaH(GeneBank Accession Number:KC4048847),对该基因进行生物信息学分析进行结构功能预测。【结果】该基因全长770 bp,开放阅读框(ORF)为438 bp,编码145个氨基酸;该基因所编码的蛋白定位于叶绿体膜系统,无信号肽,含有一个跨膜结构的亲水性不稳定蛋白,二级结构多为无规则卷曲。同时,该基因在不同物种间具有较强的保守性,含有4个高度保守的结构域,系统进化树分析表明,其与菠菜亲缘关系最近。RT-PCR分析表明,SsPsaH基因在根、茎、叶中均有表达,但在茎和叶中表达量高于根。【结论】SsPsaH基因是编码光合反应光系统I(PSI)复合蛋白H亚基的基因。本研究为以后深入开展该基因的耐盐功能研究及其在盐生植物耐盐机制中的作用提供了理论基础。