我国农村低保和扶贫对象识别与瞄准研究综述

最低生活保障与扶贫开发是我国新时期农村两项重要的社会救助政策,也是农村社会保障体系的基本内容.准确识别与瞄准贫困对象是两项制度顺利实施的前提和基础,也是提高农村扶贫效率和维系制度公平的需要.该研究对近年来我国学者关于两项制度对象识别与瞄准的相关研究进行了综述,总结了我国农村低保和扶贫对象的重要意义、难点及对策.指出拓宽研究视角、强化研究成果的应用性和可操作性是今后进一步研究的重要任务.     

茶树叶部害虫之金黄色的茶叶斑蛾

茶叶斑蛾属鳞翅目斑蛾科,以幼虫咀食茶树叶片为害,是茶树叶部害虫之一。本文主要从茶叶斑蛾的分布与为害、形态特征、生活习性3个方面对其进行介绍,并提出防治措施,以期为广大茶农或技术员提供更直观的害虫识别与科学防控方法。     

Energy expenditure for chewing in sheep fed timothy or sudangrass hay at the same intake level

In order to investigate the energy expended in chewing during eating and rumination in sheep fed timothy or sudangrass hay at the same intake level, the energy expenditure of the head was measured using the arterial-venous difference technique and that of the whole body was measured using an open-circuit, indirect respiration calorimeter. There was no difference in the per-chew energy expenditure between timothy hay and sudangrass hay during eating and rumination, but for both types of hay there was a difference in energy expenditure between eating (0.25 J per chew per kilogram body weight) and rumination (0.18 J per chew per kilogram body weight). There was no effect of time period after feeding on the energy expended in one chew during eating and rumination. On average, for a given type of hay, the energy expended in chewing during eating + rumination accounted for 4.9% of the daily energy expenditure of the whole body.     

我国东亚钳蝎的生态观察及人工饲养

研究了东亚钳蝎生活习性,栖息环境,活动规律,食性及趋性;分析了环境对东亚钳蝎的影响;介绍了东亚钳蝎人工饲养技术。     

“活化石植物”瓦勒迈松繁殖技术的研究进展

瓦勒迈松是南洋杉科单型属植物,是目前地球上最古老的“活化石”植物之一。现在处于濒临灭绝的状态,必须采取有效的措施来加以保护。国内关于瓦勒迈松的报道还很少。本文综述了其繁殖技术等方面的研究进展,展望了其应用前景。     

浅谈居住环境设计

本文通过例举国内外若干居住区设计实例,阐述了如何改善居住环境的有效途径和方法。     

小安溪小流域治理突出生物过滤带建设效果好

在小安溪小流域综合治理中,合川市树立生态优先、科学防治的理念,将水土流失治理与生物过滤带建设以及溪河水质保护、生态观光旅游有机地结合起来,取得了较好的效果。     

A new freeze-dried living virus vaccine against sheep-pox

A sheep-pox virus strain has been adapted and multiplied in primary lamb kidney cell cultures. The main characteristics of the strain have been verified in vitro after clones were isolated, and the results confirmed its identity. The safety and the potency of the strain have been investigated in sheep.

The inoculation of the strain to sheep was followed by a post-vaccinal reaction materialised by a nodule at the site of inoculation and an increase of temperature by about 1°C. No reactions adversely affecting pregnancy have been noted. Immunisation was demonstrated by an increase in the level of neutralising serous antibodies and protection against the pathogenic virus. The immunity tended to decrease during the second year after primovaccination and a yearly booster vaccination appeared to be necessary. Primovaccination of lambs over 2 months of age produced a better immunity, especially when the lambs were born from vaccinated ewes.

This strain forms the active principle of a freeze-dried vaccine containing no adjuvant of the immunity.     

北京地区城乡结合部居住景观现状研究

通过查阅国内外相关文献资料,在已有研究成果的基础上建构理论框架;同时选取若干有代表性的北京城乡结合部进行实地考察、完成北京50个重点村的调研工作,探索北京城乡结合部居住景观的现状,提出改造建议。     

西安城市整体水环境的构建研究

[目的]对西安城市整体水环境的构建进行研究。[方法]从城市规划层面对"长安八水"整体恢复和构建的必要性及其基本原则进行讨论,并对从长期规划策略和逐步建设实施2个层面来实现目标的方法和途径进行探讨。[结果]提出在恢复"长安八水"城市景观基底时,必须从构筑城市整体水环境角度进行统筹规划,改变线性代谢模式,建设城市水系循环网络;结合现有城市水环境的状况,尝试就地解决城市雨、污水的自循环净化;整体考虑城市集水、存水、引水等工程的联系和贯通,由点及面逐步恢复城市作为生态节点的基本"新陈代谢功能",改善城市人居环境。[结论]主动把握古城西安创建国际化大都市的独特机会,统筹规划设计、实施和保护城市水环境系统,将有助于重塑古城水系,重建宜居城市环境;更有助于彰显"长安八水"的城市生态和文脉特征,为城市的未来发展带来无限机遇和可能。