毕节地区畜牧业循环经济发展模式探索

通过对毕节地区畜牧业以及相关产业进行调查研究,结合当地实际情况构筑适合该地区不同生产方式下的畜牧业循环经济模式,并提出保障畜牧业循环经济实施的建议.     

河北省石家庄市工业用水循环利用研究

探讨工业用水的循环利用,是解决水资源供需矛盾,实现经济社会可持续发展的上策。基于水资源循环经济的理论,分析河北省石家庄市工业用水的特点及分类,发现其中的问题,并提出建设性的意见。     

湖南省农业循环经济发展评价

运用BPEIR（行为-压力-效果-冲击-反应）概念模型及特尔菲法构建包括经济与社会发展、资源减量投入、资源循环再利用、资源环境安全4类指标的农业循环经济发展评价指标体系,对湖南省1998~2007年的农业循环经济发展水平进行综合评价。结果表明,1998~2007年湖南农业循环经济总体上呈向前发展趋势,年均增长速率为1.89%;1999~2003年,资源循环再利用和资源减量投入年均下降速率分别为25%和11%,成为制约农业循环经济发展的主要障碍因素;而2003年后以资源减量投入为主。     

链耙式残膜回收与茎秆粉碎联合作业机设计

针对新疆现阶段农业生产中农膜污染日益严重、回收治理缺乏有效手段的情况,设计了1种链耙式残膜回收与茎秆粉碎联合作业机,主要用于作物秋收后回收当年残膜与茎秆粉碎还田.田间生产试验表明:机具结构设计合理,可实现一机多用,提高机具利用率与生产效率;但秸秆残茬抛送与退膜辊清退残膜方面仍存在缺陷,需在后续工作中持续改进.     

Evaluation of Alternative Methods of Applying Sulfur Fertilizers to Chrysanthemums

ABSTRACT

Previous research has shown that supplying adequate sulfur (S) continuously in combination with reduced amounts of nitrogen (N) will produce a quality plant. However, not all commercially available fertilizers use the same source of S, contain the same or optimal concentration of it, or contain any S at all. Additionally, nutrient incompatibility can occur if all the macronutrients are combined in one solution or one dry fertilizer. Thus, the objective of this research was to determine the effect of different methods of application and different types of S fertilizers on chrysanthemum growth. Two experiments were conducted in which three S sources (H₂SO₄, MgSO₄, and K₂SO₄) were applied in combination with three N concentrations (50, 100, and 150 mg L^?1) as fertilizer treatments. Sulfur was applied at 10 mg L^?1, either continuously—by slightly acidulating the fertilizer solution with H₂SO₄—or in one, two, or three single, discrete applications as either K₂SO₄ or MgSO₄. Leaf N concentration was greatest when 100 or 150 mg N L^?1 was applied. As expected, S applied continuously by slightly acidulating the fertilizer solution with sulfuric acid resulted in higher leaf S concentration and larger flower diameter than under any of the other treatments. Together, plants fertilized with S continuously at 10 mg S L^?1 and N at 100 mg L^?1 were the largest, had the largest flower diameter, and contained the greatest leaf N and S concentrations. Sulfur concentration in the mix was highest and N concentration lowest when S was supplied continuously. Thus, if growers need to supply S and acidulate their water, sulfuric acid would be the best choice. If there are concerns about possible S contamination in landfills or in mix recycling, either potassium or magnesium S, applied multiple times as single applications in combination with 100 or 150 mg N L^?1, may be a better choice.     

Study on the Pretreatment Technology of Phosphogypsum

The economic and effective pretreatment is a key to its recycling into useful building materials. The pretreatment such as washing, neutralizing with quick lime, grinding, floating, screening, calcination etc. have been studied. The effectiveness, problems and feasibility of pretreatment are analyzed. This paper presents the pretreatment principle of phosphogypsum utilization. If the phosphogypsum utilized is more than hundred thousand tones per year, the washing technology is recommended, otherwise, the technology of neutralizing with quick lime and grinding should be chosen.     

草净津合成技术的改进研究

针对草净津在工业化生产中存在的收率不稳定、产品质量差等问题进行了分析研究,发现循环溶剂、主要原材料以及中间体的质量对草净津的收率和产品质量都有不同程度的影响,而影响的主要因素是中间体丙酮氰胺的质量.通过对回收溶剂的处理、原材料的提纯和对中间体的精制,使草净津合成的工艺条件得到进一步优化,从而使草净津以三聚氯氰计的产品总收率达90%~95%,产品含量可达970 g.kg-1,且收率和质量都相当稳定.     

废纸回用过程中硅藻土对白水中DCS的影响研究

利用硅藻土作树脂吸附剂加填到废纸回用体系中,探讨了硅藻土的加入对白水中胶体和溶解物质(DCS)累积、浆料滤水以及成纸性能的影响,分析硅藻土对树脂障碍的缓解改善情况。研究表明废纸回用体系中硅藻土的加入可以缓解白水中DCS的积累和胶黏物问题,有利于白水循环程度的提高。研究表明浆料滤水时间减少25.8%,助留助滤效果明显。成纸灰分和白度分别提高9.13%和5.30%,裂断长和施胶度分别降低14.43%和18%,物理强度和施胶度均可满足用户要求。     

制皂废水物化处理的探讨

以制皂废水经脱硫除尘塔后的出水为研究对象,通过气浮和混凝沉降的中试对比,提出混凝沉应用于出塔水的处理的工艺条件及组合混凝剂的最佳投加量。实验表明,混凝沉降能有效降低制皂废水的COD浓度,处理水可回用于脱硫除尘;同时,混凝沉降后出水可生化性较好,通过生化处理,可实现达标排放。     

气体循环系统酒精连续发酵

采用外循环反应器对酒精生产的新工艺流程进行了研究。在酒精发酵前,将反应器中培养液的酵母菌体浓度提高至70-80g/l,然后转入厌氧发酵。在发酵过程中,根据菌种的生理特性确定某一气体循环量,气体通过反应器带出酒精,通过冷凝和吸收装置收集起来,余下的气体返回到反应器中循环使用。本文对发酵过程中的进料量、出料量、进料糖浓度和残糖等因子进行了关联研究,得出相应最大的酒精生产强度为37g/l·h。