粉煤灰和PAM改良沙土物理性质田间试验

采用粉煤灰和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)混合施用改善沙土的水分环境和物理化学性质,为植物生长提供良好的条件,同时研究PAM在粉煤灰混合沙土的复杂环境下,能否增强粉煤灰改良沙土的效果.试验于2011年在内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市达拉特旗万通现代农业科技园进行,试验粉煤灰使用量为0％,5％,10％,15％(质量比),PAM的使用量为0,60,120mg/kg.结果表明,粉煤灰质量比为10％,同时使用120mg/kg PAM时,能够提高土壤田间持水量18％,减小土壤饱和导水率26％,同时增加土壤有效水含量.粉煤灰和PAM混合使用于沙土会引起土壤有害元素含量升高,使用15％粉煤灰时土壤重金属含量仍符合国家标准.从而避免了使用过高比例粉煤灰而对土壤环境造成的潜在影响.     

不同产地芡实种仁中蛋白质与 淀粉组分差异性研究

以4个不同产地的芡实(Euryale ferox Salisb.)为试验材料,对其种仁中主要营养成分如蛋白质、淀粉组分进行了分析测定.结果表明,芡实种仁蛋白质主要由清蛋白、球蛋白、醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白构成;不同产地芡实的总蛋白质含量无显著差异,但4种不同蛋白的含量存在显著差异,其中3号芡实的清蛋白和球蛋白含量最高、醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白含量最低,1号芡实的醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白含量最高、清蛋白和球蛋白含量最低.SDS-PAGE图谱分析表明,4种不同产地的芡实均在45.0～66.2 kD处均含有一条明显的蛋白谱带,而3号芡实在20～45 kD范围内含3条明显蛋白谱带,表明3号芡实含有更多类型的蛋白组分或同工酶成分.此外,不同产地芡实种仁的直链淀粉和支链淀粉含量比值差异显著,其中2号芡实的支链淀粉含量最高,3号芡实支链淀粉含量最低.     

秦岭坡旱地不同桔梗栽培品种亲缘关系鉴别

为对秦岭坡旱地中药材桔梗品种选育及种质资源鉴定提供依据,应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PA GE)技术研究了不同产地三年生桔梗不同叶位酯酶同工酶(EST)的表达差异,并通过EST-PAGE 图谱迁移率（Rf）、联合系数（S）、酶谱相似度（T）综合分析方法,初步评价了 目前在商洛坡旱地栽培的不同产地桔梗品种的亲缘关系。结果表明：6种不同产地桔梗间的 亲缘关系大小顺序为：甘肃平凉＞山东淄博＞四川广元＞西安蓝田＞内蒙赤峰≈陕西商洛, 内蒙赤峰与陕西商洛桔梗疑为同一品种。     

细菌纤维素产生菌双向凝胶电泳分析技术

对细菌纤维素产生菌株———葡糖酸醋杆菌菌体蛋白的提取过程、等电点的分布及纯化方法等方面进行了探索和优化。结果表明:葡糖酸醋杆菌蛋白主要分布在pI 4~7的范围内;采用超滤浓缩后进行2D Clean-up试剂盒纯化,可以获得更优的蛋白分离效果;在考马斯亮蓝G250染色条件下,有效分离出(1037±65)个蛋白点;建立了高质量葡糖酸醋杆菌蛋白的双向凝胶电泳分析技术。     

聚丙烯酰胺对蚯蚓的毒性效应

聚丙烯酰胺作为全球应用最广泛,用量最大的水处理剂,而其排放到环境中可能会对生态环境形成潜在的威胁。该研究在人工土壤条件下,通过急性和亚急性暴露试验研究了聚丙烯酰胺和丙烯酰胺对赤子爱胜蚓存活、生长和繁殖的影响,旨在评价聚丙烯酰胺和丙烯酰胺对蚯蚓的毒性效应。结果表明,聚丙烯酰胺和丙烯酰胺对蚯蚓的半致死剂量分别为大于2000和164.01?mg/kg,聚丙烯酰胺比丙烯酰胺毒性低;在急性和亚急性毒性暴露期内,聚丙烯酰胺对蚯蚓的存活和生长无显著影响;而当丙烯酰胺浓度大于100?mg/kg时即对蚯蚓的存活和生长产生显著的影响（P＜0.05）。聚丙烯酰胺和丙烯酰胺均对蚯蚓的繁殖能力有非常显著的影响（P＜0.05）。因此残留于污泥中的聚丙烯酰胺对环境有一定的潜在风险。     

Myofibrillar proteins in white muscle of the developing African catfish Heterobranchus longifilis (Siluriforms, Clariidae)

Developmental changes in myofibrillar protein composition were investigated in the myotomal muscle of the African catfish, Heterobranchus longifilis (Clariidae), by several electrophoretic techniques. The main muscle fibres of larvae and the fast-white muscle fibres of juvenile and adult fish were found to express distinct myosin heavy chain and myosin light chain 2 (LC2) isoforms. Three myosin LC2 chains were successively detected, differing by their isoelectric points. In contrast, the alkali light chains remained qualitatively and quantitatively unchanged during fish growth. Actin, -tropomyosin, and troponin-C (TN-C) were also similar in larval, juvenile, and adult white muscle, but an additional larval tropomyosin isoform was found in the first developmental stages. Two isoforms of troponin-T (TN-T) and troponin-I (TN-I) were synthesised in the course of fish growth. Transition from the larval to the adult isoform was much faster for TN-T than for TN-I. Slow-red muscle myofibrils from adult H. longifilis showed no common component (except actin) with larval, juvenile, or adult fast-white muscle myofibrils. Red myofibrils displayed a single TN-T and a single TN-I isoform, but two isoforms of TN-C. The myofibrillar protein isoforms synthesised at any given developmental stage almost certainly reflect changes in the functional requirements of swimming muscles in the course of fish development.     

兴国红鲤、草鱼及其杂种一代血清蛋白质的电泳分析

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳分析了兴国红鲤、草鱼及其杂种一代的血清蛋白。结果表明,它们各有不同的电泳图谱,杂种一代为双亲的嵌合型,相对而言,MA带偏向母本,MI带偏向父本。     

聚丙烯酰胺型共聚物对砖红壤上菜心生长状况的影响

运用不同剂量的聚丙烯酰胺型共聚物处理菜心,研究其对菜心生长和水分利用率的影响,为海南省砖红壤蔬菜栽培使用共聚物提供参考依据。结果表明,施用共聚物后各处理菜心的生长状况均优于对照（未施共聚物）,其中每667 m2用量为4 kg的处理表现最佳;当每667 m2共聚物用量在1~4 kg范围内,菜心的根重尧地上部鲜重大致随着共聚物用量的增加表现越好,但每667 m2用量为5 kg 的菜心表现不如用量为4 kg 和3 kg 的处理曰共聚物用量在每667 m2 1~5 kg 的处理在水分利用率方面分别比对照高出14.95%、27.80%、35.22%、43.52%、18.05%。     

Application of a radioimmunoassay for detection of the major internal antigen (p24) of bovine leukemia virus from cultured lymphocytes of cattle

A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for the major internal antigen of bovine leukemia virus has been applied to detecting this protein in cultured lymphocytes of infected cattle. The specificity inherent in this assay offers obvious advantages over a previously described syncytium induction assay for infectious bovine leukemia virus, because false positive reactions due to other viruses such as bovine syncytial virus are avoided. Investigations of various culture conditions indicated that maximal amounts of antigen had been produced after incubation for 72 hr at 37°C. Lymphocyte concentrations of 10⁶?5×10⁷ cells/ml gave satisfactory results. Tests of cultured lymphocytes from bovine leukemia virus infected or bovine leukemia virus-free cattle indicated a comparable sensitivity between the radioimmunoassay and syncytium induction assay in the detection of bovine leukemia virus infections.