LED不同光质对洋桔梗组培苗淀粉含量的影响

洋桔梗组培苗生长是洋桔梗组织培养环节中很重要的环节。该试验以洋桔梗组培苗为试验材料,将试验材料分为8组,研究不同光质对洋桔梗组培苗淀粉含量的影响。结果表明:LED处理中1 RB光照下的洋桔梗组培苗淀粉含量最高,为2.313 7 mg/g,2 RB光照下的洋桔梗组培苗淀粉含量最低,为1.008 7 mg/g。因此,组合光1 RB较传统光源荧光灯更能促进组培苗淀粉生成,该试验结果可为洋桔梗组培苗培育提供一定的理论指导。     

洋桔梗基因工程研究进展

对近10年来国内外洋桔梗遗传工程方面的研究进展进行了综述,提出了洋桔梗转基因过程中存在的问题,并就其应用前景进行了展望。     

不同浓度赤霉素对打破洋桔梗簇叶化的影响

试验研究不同浓度的赤霉素对打破洋桔梗簇叶化的影响。结果表明:摘心处理2个月后,CK(清水)处理的洋桔梗90%发生簇叶化,表明赤霉素对降低洋桔梗簇化率有效。赤霉素浓度对洋桔梗生长势的影响为150 mg/L100 mg/L50 mg/L清水,150 mg/L赤霉素处理对洋桔梗株高、茎粗和小花数影响显著,但对叶片数影响不显著,从而证明赤霉素是通过促进节间的伸长来促进整株植株生长,而不是通过促进节数的增加来促进植株的生长。     

翠雀内生真菌分离鉴定及分布特性研究

旨在探明有毒植物翠雀的内生真菌种类,作者采用表面消毒法分离,运用形态学鉴定,采用ITS序列构建系统进化树,确定了其内生真菌的种类。结果显示,从翠雀植物中分离得到22种内生真菌,将其根据亲缘关系进行系统进化分析,主要分为Ⅰ和Ⅱ两大种群,分属于6纲、6目、6科、7属,其中,链格孢属真菌（Alternaria sp.）为优势菌（占分离菌株数的31.82%,主要分布于花和叶中）,内生真菌在花中分布最普遍（占分离菌株数的40.91%）,其次,为叶（31.82%）、根（22.73%）和茎（4.55%）。结果表明,翠雀内生真菌在不同组织中的分布普遍性不同。     

洋桔梗离体快繁技术研究

[目的]建立洋桔梗高效的快速繁殖体系,为工厂化生产提供可行的操作程序。[方法]以国外进口的洋桔梗F1代种子(品种名称为Polestar yellow)无菌苗的叶片为外植体,对不定芽的诱导、单芽增殖、无菌苗生根等进行了研究。[结果]结果表明:6-BA和IBA组合对洋桔梗叶片不定芽的诱导效果较6-BA和NAA组合好,叶片最佳的分化培养基为MS+6-BA0.6 mg/L+IBA0.04 mg/L,1个月内正常芽平均分化数为8.3;最佳的单芽增殖培养基为MS+6-BA0.8 mg/L+NAA0.04 mg/L,1个月内正常芽的增殖倍数为7.4;无菌苗在含有IBA0.25 mg/L的1/2 MS培养基上,生根率、平均每苗的根数均最大。[结论]该结果为洋桔梗的工厂化生产奠定了基础。     

Use of chrysanthemum plantlets grown in vitro to test cultivar susceptibility to white rust, Puccinia horiana P. Hennings

An efficient incubation and inoculation system for white rust was established using plantlets of chrysanthemum growing in vitro. The internal conditions of a culture vessel (plant box) were maintained at a humidity of 90‐100% and an optimum temperature of 20‐25°C, which are suitable conditions to germinate teliospores and basidiospores of the pathogen. Telia were maintained continuously on plants in the plant box and were used as an inoculum for infection experiments throughout the year, allowing differences in susceptibility to white rust among chrysanthemum cultivars to be detected. Susceptibility to white rust in the plant‐box evaluation showed a good correlation with the rating of sporulation on plants grown in a greenhouse. The method described here is a simple, space‐saving inoculation system to evaluate the susceptibility of chrysanthemums to white rust.     

Powdery Mildew of Prairie Gentian: Characteristics,Molecular Phylogeny and Pathogenicity

In March 1999, we found prairie gentian (Eustoma grandiflorum) infected with powdery mildew in a greenhouse in Oita Prefecture, Japan. Morphological observation revealed that the causal fungus belongs to the mitosporic genus Oidium subgenus Pseudoidium [teleomorph: Erysiphe sensu Braun and Takamatsu (2000)]. Precise taxonomic position of the fungus, however, is uncertain due to lack of the perfect stage. We determined the nucleotide sequence of the rDNA ITS region of the fungus. Comparison of the sequence with those obtained from DNA databases of this fungal group revealed that the sequence is identical to those of powdery mildews from garden four-o'clock (Mirabilis jalapa) and broad bean (Vicia faba). Inoculation of an isolate from garden four-o'clock caused mildew on prairie gentian and broad bean, suggesting that the prairie gentian mildew originates from garden four-o'clock or broad bean. Molecular phylogenetic analysis indicated a close relationship of this fungus to Erysiphe baeumleri on Vicia spp. and E. trifolii on Trifolium pratense. From these results, we propose that prairie gentian mildew diverged from a Fabaceae-parasitic ancestor. Received 14 March 2002/ Accepted in revised form 28 May 2002     

淄博无公害桔梗标准化栽培技术

以实现桔梗的无公害、标准化栽培为手段,以推动淄博市桔梗产业持续健康发展为目标,立足于淄博气候和土壤实际,从育苗、定植、田间管理、病虫害防治、贮存等方面,系统地总结了无公害桔梗标准化栽培技术规程,为种植户栽培和技术人员科技指导提供参考。     

水分胁迫对桔梗生长发育的影响

为了研究了不同水分胁迫对桔梗生长发育以及有效成分积累的影响。通过对桔梗采用室外盆栽控水,试验设土壤相对含水量40%,60%,80%三个梯度,测定不同生长发育阶段地上、地下部分的质量以及有效成分含量。结果表明随着水分胁迫程度的加强,地上、地下部分的生长均受到抑制,但对地上部分的抑制更明显,而对有效成分的积累有显著的促进作用。因此水分条件是影响桔梗生长发育的重要因子之一;当土壤相对含水量在60%的条件下,桔梗的产量和质量兼顾。     

洋桔梗的快速繁殖研究

对洋桔梗快速繁殖技术进行了研究。试验结果表明,适宜的增殖培养基为:MS BA0.5mg/L NAA0.1mg/L,增殖培养30d平均增殖倍数达6.7;适宜的生根培养基为:1/2MS NAA0.6mg/L IBA0.1mg/L。其生根率可达85%以上。