一个辣椒PHD-finger家族转录因子CaPHD1的克隆及其表达分析

以辣椒均一化cDNA文库为模板,通过PCR扩增获得CaPHD1基因克隆,该基因序列含有1个220个氨基酸序列的开放阅读框,同其他植物具有62%~89%的氨基酸同源性。在植物亚细胞定位实验中CaPHD1与GFP的融合蛋白定位于细胞核;实时荧光定量PCR分析结果表明,该基因受到青枯菌侵染和水杨酸、茉莉酸甲酯、乙烯和脱落酸等外源激素的诱导,表明CaPHD1可能在应答病原菌中起重要的作用。     

Extracellular Metabolites from Industrial Microalgae and Their Biotechnological Potential

Industrial microalgae, as a big family of promising producers of renewable biomass feedstock, have been commercially exploited for functional food, living feed and feed additives, high-value chemicals in nutraceuticals, cosmeceuticals, and chemical reagents. Recently, microalgae have also been considered as a group that might play an important role in biofuel development and environmental protection. Almost all current products of industrial microalgae are derived from their biomass; however, large amounts of spent cell-free media are available from mass cultivation that is mostly unexploited. In this contribution we discuss that these media, which may contain a remarkable diversity of bioactive substances are worthy to be recovered for further use. Obviously, the extracellular metabolites from industrial microalgae have long been neglected in the development of production methods for valuable metabolites. With the advances in the last ten years, more and more structures and properties from extracellular metabolites have been identified, and the potential utilization over wide fields is attracting attention. Some of these extracellular metabolites can be potentially used as drugs, antioxidants, growth regulators or metal chelators. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the known extracellular metabolites from industrial microalgae which might be of commercial interest. The attention mainly focuses on the reports of extracellular bioactive metabolites and their potential application in biotechnology.     

植物激素处理下向日葵和红苋菜富集~(133)Cs、~(88)Sr的比较

为提高植物激素对污染土壤的植物修复效率,在植物激素处理下对比红苋菜与向日葵对~(133)Cs、~(88)Sr的富集状况。结果表明:3种激素处理对向日葵、红苋菜的生物量和~(133)Cs和~(88)Sr总含量作用一致表现为GASAIAA,对向日葵、红苋菜~(133)Cs和~(88)Sr转运、富集系数影响一致表现为SAGAIAA。红苋菜对~(133)Cs和~(88)Sr的转运系数高于向日葵,而向日葵单株对~(133)Cs和~(88)Sr的积累量、富集系数显著高于红苋菜。     

金叶银杏硬枝扦插繁殖生根过程及其生根机制研究

【目的】研究不同生长调节剂处理对金叶银杏硬枝扦插生根率和成活率的影响,探讨金叶银杏的生根机制,为金叶银杏苗木扦插快繁技术体系的建立提供技术支持和理论指导。【方法】通过NAA和IBA处理金叶银杏硬枝插穗,检测它们对插穗的生根状态、生根指标及IBA对扦插过程中插穗皮部可溶性糖、抗氧化酶、激素含量的影响,探究金叶银杏硬枝扦插繁殖技术和生根机理。【结果】1)金叶银杏插穗愈伤组织诱导期和形成期、不定根发生期和形成期分别在插后的20~26、26~42、42~53、53~79 d。2)800 mg·L^-1 IBA和400 mg·L^-1 NAA+400 mg·L^-1IBA(混合)处理的插穗愈伤组织和不定根出现期及生根率与根数都较其他相应处理的效果好,其中生根率分别达64.4%和51.1%;不定根数分别达8.6条和9.3条。3)插穗生根过程中(500 mg·L^-1 IBA处理)基部韧皮部的SOD、PPO活性在插后40、60 d达到高峰,均比对照提前20 d达到峰值;插穗的POD活性出现上升-下降-升高的趋势,插穗可溶性糖也出现升高-下降-升高的趋势,但时间点不一致;而淀粉的含量出现下降-上升的趋势。4)生根期间插穗基部韧皮部的IAA含量出现了2个峰值和一个谷值;而ZR含量在第40天达到峰值后下降;GA含量先下降后上升;ABA含量在插后的前期高后期低,且值都低于同期对照。IAA/ABA比值在插后的第40天(愈伤组织形成期)达到谷底,后又上升(不定根形成期)。IAA/GA在插后的40~60 d内快速上升,80 d后又开始大幅下降;IAA/ZR值在扦插愈伤组织形成期(40 d)呈下降趋势,到60 d时(不定根发生期)又急剧上升到峰值。【结论】高活性的SOD和POD有利于插穗初期愈伤组织的形成(40 d),高活性的POD与PPO有利于不定根的形成(60 d)。较高的IAA含量是保证愈伤组织形成(20~40 d)的必要条件,不定根形成期(60 d)需要较高的IAA/ZR、IAA/ABA、IAA/GA比值。本研究为金叶银杏扦插繁殖技术和生根机理的研究及金叶银杏苗木的快速繁殖生产提供技术支持。     

华盛顿脐橙和锦橙生理落果与GA和ABA含量研究

对华盛顿脐橙和锦橙幼果内源ＧＡ和ＡＢＡ含量分析表明，脐橙幼果脱落与ＡＢＡ含量呈极显著正相关，与ＡＢＡ／ＧＡ呈显著正相关，与ＧＡ含量呈不显著负相关。锦橙幼果脱落与ＡＢＡ／ＧＡ和ＡＢＡ为不显著正相关。与ＧＡ呈不显著负相关。在生理落果期中，ＡＢＡ含量、ＡＢＡ／ＧＡ和幼果脱落果均为脐橙＞锦橙。     

自然干旱胁迫下配方肥增效剂对水稻内源激素的影响

 为揭示土壤自然干旱条件下配方肥增效剂对水稻植株内源激素的影响，以中稻培两优93为材料，采用盆栽法研究了配方肥增效剂对水稻内源脱落酸（ABA）、生长素（IAA）、赤霉酸（GA3）、玉米素核苷（ZR）的影响。干旱处理后，ABA在前期大量积累，后期呈下降趋势。根系和叶片中ABA含量大幅度升高，其中根系中ABA增幅达58~101倍，根源ABA积累幅度远高于叶源ABA积累幅度，而增效剂处理促进了ABA的积累。干旱胁迫前，增效剂处理水稻植株根系IAA、ZR和叶片GA3均显著高于对照；而干旱胁迫后，增效剂处理植株上述激素水平均大幅下降，而对照下降幅度较小。叶中IAA、ZR和GA3的变化则与根系相反。     

热激处理对柰李抗冷性及其内源激素含量的影响

研究6种热激处理（36℃4h，36℃8h，40℃4h，40℃8h，44℃ 0．5h，44℃1h）对柰李贮藏过程中内源1AA（吲哚-3-乙酸），GA3（赤霉素），ABA（脱落酸），ZR（玉米素核苷）的含量的影响及其与柰李冷害发生的关系．结果表明：适当的热激处理（温度为36-40℃；时间约4h）能够诱导IAA，GA3，ABA的产生，但对ZR的诱导效果不明显；内源激素对冷害发生率的作用相对滞后，贮藏0d（热处理后立即测定）的IAA，GA3，ABA含量与贮藏70d的冷害发生率存在显著相关性，相关系数尺为0．999，R^2为0．998，回归方程为：A=30．567—1．057 B—116．08 C-0．907 D-0．1836E，其中，A为冷藏70d柰李的冷害发生率；B，C，D，E分别为冷藏0d的柰李中IAA，ABA，ZR，G13的含量．     

In vitro mass tuberisation as a contribution to potato micropropagation

Summary Mass tuberisation was obtained on plantlets growing from nodal potato cuttings cultured in vitro on Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium under continuous light of 5000 lux at 24–25°C. Tuber formation was stimulated by transferring the plantlets to MS or White-Nitsch-Morel (WhNM) liquid or solid media supplemented with 8% sucrose, 2 mg 1⁻¹ benzyladenine (BAP), 2 mg 1⁻¹ naphthalenacetic acid (NAA) and/or 100 mg 1⁻¹ (2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CCC). Liquid media invariably induced heavier minitubers (390–790 mg each). The process to tuberisation took only two months. Minitubers always produced normal growing plants after dormancy break.