厚壁毛竹展叶期竹秆内源激素特征

应用高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术测定了厚壁毛竹展叶期竹秆不同高度位置上内源激素的组成及含量。结果表明:展叶期竹秆中内源激素的平均含量(μg/g)从高到低依次为:GA3(77.30±5.81)、IBA(4.36±0.85)、IAA(3.21±0.73)、ZT(2.63±0.26)、2-ip(2.22±0.35)、6-BA(2.01±0.28)、ABA(1.40±0.10)。2-ip、GA3、ABA、6-BA和ZT的含量均随竹秆位置降低而不断下降,但2-ip、GA3和ABA的含量在中部下降不明显,而梢部和基部位置均呈明显下降趋势;6-BA含量随竹秆位置降低呈近线性减小;ZT含量在梢部下降较快,而中部和基部下降不明显。不同位置按IAA、IBA含量的高低均排列为:中部、梢部、基部。内源激素含量间有明显的相关性,GA3与2-ip的相关性达到极显著水平(R=0.854,P<0.01),ZT与GA3、ABA间、2-ip与ABA间的相关性均达到显著性水平(P<0.05)。     

橡胶芽接树砧穗间的相互影响--胶乳中3种植物激素的差异

分析了自根无性系海垦2和热研88-13组成的对接自接芽接树、光亮胶与巴西橡胶三合树和巴西橡胶三合树等的砧木和接穗的胶乳中生长素（IAA）、细胞分裂素（iPA）、脱落酸（ABA）3种植物激素的含量及其相互间的影响。结果表明,橡胶芽接树的砧木和接穗的胶乳中几种植物激素的含量因品种（系）、嫁接组合、嫁接组合方式以及激素种类的不同而异∶不同品种（系）嫁接会引起砧木和接穗的胶乳中的IAA大量增加,引起iPAs明显减少和ABA减少,但在特定组合的砧木或接穗的胶乳中ABA的含量增加或持平;嫁接不同品种（系）次数增加,砧（中间砧）穗（树冠）的胶乳中IAA含量有增加的趋势,而iPAs,ABA含量有减少的趋势。乙烯利刺激割胶,没有明显影响砧穗胶乳中的ABA含量,但可能导致IAA明显的增加。     

内源激素对黄姜体细胞胚发生的影响

以不同的培养基诱导外植体以建立优良的体细胞胚胎发生系统,并结合其发育过程中内源激素含量的动态变化,进一步探讨黄姜体细胞胚胎发生机理。选择2a生新鲜优良盾叶薯蓣41号,取以腋芽萌发而来的无菌枝条切段,采用MS BA1.5mg/L NAA0.5mg/L、LS BA1.5mg/L和l/2MS NAA1.0mg/L为诱导培养基,对培养过程中的内源激素的动态变化进行了分析。结果表明,高含量的生长素(IAA)、细胞分裂素(Z、ZR)和赤霉酸(GA3)有利于胚性细胞的形成。可为黄姜愈伤组织及体细胞胚胎形成的调控作用提供理论的参考依据,也可为其它植物的组织培养提供参考。     

茉莉素及其功能

茉莉素是一类新型植物激素 .报道了国内外学者对茉莉素及其功能的研究进展 ,包括茉莉素的分布、化学结构、生物合成及其功能等     

激素对魔芋球茎愈伤组织诱导和植株再生的影响

以魔芋球茎为外植体,采用附加不同种类和浓度的生长素、细胞分裂素的MS培养基,研究激素对魔芋愈伤组织诱导、生长和分化的影响。结果表明:在适量的生长素配合作用下,6-BA浓度为1.5 mg/L,有利于球茎愈伤组织诱导增殖,浓度增加为2.0 mg/L,则有利于芽的分化;6-BA浓度一定时,生长素浓度较高,愈伤长势旺盛,但分化出苗较慢,生长素浓度偏低,愈伤增殖较慢,但芽分化较快。分析了不同种类激素的作用效果,认为适合花魔芋球茎植株再生的最适培养基是MS+6-BA 1.5~2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1~0.5 mg/L。     

大豆成花的光周期诱导研究：Ⅰ.真叶内植物激素及同化物的变化

大豆短日（SD）诱导期间，真叶内的玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN）含量始终比连续光照（CL）下的高；诱导前期叶片内总细胞分裂素（CTK）含量保持较低水平；脱落酸（ABA）则在前期差异不大，后期保持较低水平；短日下生长的真叶内游离氨基酸含量先开后降，含量一直较CL下的高；短日诱导下的真叶内同化物含量（可溶糖、蔗糖及淀粉）一直保持较低的水平。大豆光周期诱导期间，叶片内的某些植物激素及同化物可能协同ZEN发生了与成花转变有关的变化。     

干旱胁迫下枳橙和山下红蜜柑内源激素含量的变化规律

研究了干旱胁迫下枳橙和山下红密柑内源激素含量的变化。结果表明:经不同程度干旱处理的枳橙叶片GA3I、AA、Z含量都呈先升后降的变化趋势,ABA含量随着失水率的增加逐渐上升;而山下红叶片GA3I、AA含量都呈先上升后下降的变化趋势,Z含量变化有些起伏,ABA含量随着失水率的增加逐渐上升。干旱胁迫下枳橙根赤霉酸(GA3)、脱落酸(ABA)和玉米素(Z)含量低于对照,吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)含量高于对照,而叶片GA3和Z含量低于对照,IAA和ABA含量高于对照。     

甘蓝子叶原生质体培养与植株再生的研究

将0.5％纤维素酶Rs+0.1％果胶酶Y-23酶溶液振荡处理3h,可得到最高的细胞分裂率,但原生质体分离数量较低。0.5％纤维素酶R-10+0.05％离析酶R-10+0.05％果胶酶Y-23酶溶液,25℃下处理14h,原生质体分离数量及细胞分裂率均较高。1/2MS培养基添加NAA3mg/L+BA0.5mg/L+2,4-D 0.1mg/L的液体培养基有利于细胞团形成及愈伤组织生长。本试验获得了完整的再生植株,芽分化率达20％左右。     

Preliminary Studies on the Production of Artificial Seeds by Encapsutating Microtubers of Potato

The production of atificial seeds by encapsulating microtubers of potato included a series of proccesses.Initially,the micropropagation of adventitions buds and microtuber-inducing system should be established.Both high quatity microtuber and synchronizing microtuber which have the same size were necessary for producing health potato artificial seeds.In our eperiment,the optimum medium of adventitious shoot-inducing of potato Hutao,Kesi,and Favorita is DCR 1.0mg/kg MA 0.5mg/kg IBA 500mg/kg LH;the optium medium of microtuber-inducing of Hutao and Kesi is DCR 5.0mg/kg MA 200mg/kg Lh _8% sugar.and the optium medium of microtuber-inducing of Favorita is DCR 5.0 mg/kg BA 0.1mg/kg NAA 200 mg/kg LH 8% sugar,Microtubers of the same size were gained by selecting the symchronous microtubers.2.0% sodium alginate was sued to encapsulate the microtubers of potato to form the artificialo seeds.and the concentration of Ca Cl2 is 4% .Phytohormone NAA promoted the germination of potato artificial seeds.these artificial seeds have more than 90% germinating frequency in plant hormone-free DCR medium.     

Role of carrier-based biofertilizer in reclamation of saline soil and wheat growth

Two plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), Pseudomonas moraviensis and Bacillus cereus, were used as bioinoculants on wheat, applied alone and in combination. Ground maize straw and sugarcane husk were used as carriers. Experiment was conducted for two consecutive years (2010 and 2011) under axenic conditions in the greenhouse of Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad. Sodium chloride (NaCl) (150 mM) was applied with irrigated water after 7 and 14 days of seed germination. Measurements made 40 days after sowing (DAS) revealed that P. moraviensis and B. cereus have better survival efficiency (as evidenced by higher colony forming units (CFUs)) in the carriers. The substantial increase in CFU of both PGPR was also observed in the soil at 57 DAS. Coinoculation of PGPR with both the carrier materials significantly decreased electrical conductivity (EC) and Na⁺ content of soil over control. The N, P, K⁺, Ca⁺, and Mg⁺ contents were 30–40% higher in soil, and 30–45% higher in leaves. Coinoculation of PGPR with carriers significantly increased chlorophyll, protein, sugar, phytohormone contents, and antioxidant activities of leaves. The application of biofertilizers improved the yield of wheat by 15–25% over control. It is inferred that the carriers assisted PGPR for long-time survival, and the formulation was applicable in promoting crop production under salt stress.