泥石流入汇主河淤积规律的水槽试验研究

以试验为基础,研究了泥石流入汇主河后淤积规律,主要探讨了淤积量及淤积分布问题。通过试验分析认为,泥石流入汇主河后的淤积量基本随流量比的增大而增大,就其淤积速率而言,有先增大后减小的变化规律。淤积量在流量比大约为0.5时出现峰值,在流量比为0.65时出现谷值,淤积量与流量比关系变化曲线以倾斜向上的直线为对称轴,呈倾斜向上的正弦波形。各工况下淤积范围基本不变,但试验中反映出,淤积范围有随交汇角增大而增大的趋势。     

雨季不同时段蒋家沟泥石流侵蚀产沙特征的分析

根据雨季不同时段,降雨入渗后的土壤含水状况观测以及泉水季节性变化,详细分析了蒋家沟1987-2001年雨季不同时段的167场泥石流侵蚀产沙的特点。结果表明:在雨季中期(7-8月),无论是泥石流暴发频率、产沙量还是规模都是最高值,分别占总样本的70.65%和占总产沙量的78.88%。雨季初期(5-6月)和雨季后期(9-10月)的泥石流,分别占总产沙量的16.16%和4.97%。雨季初期5月的雨沙比(R/s,mm/万m3)高达82.26,6月为3.49;而雨季中期的7月R/s仅为1.32,8月为1.67。这一研究可提高雨季不同时段泥石流降水警戒值确定的精度。     

构建VED-SegNet分割模型提取鱼类表型比例

为提高鱼类表型分割精度和准确度,实现鱼类表型智能监测,该研究基于深度学习算法构建了VED-SegNet模型用于鱼类表型分割和测量。该模型将cross stage partial network和GSConv结合作为编码器（VoV-GSCSP）,保持足够精度的同时降低网络结构复杂性。另一方面,该模型采用EMA(efficient multi-scale attention module with cross-spatial learning)建立强化结构,加强编码器和解码器之间的信息传递,提高模型精度,并实现了8个表型类别的输出。采用自建的鱼类表型分割数据集对VED-SegNet模型进行了测试,测量结果中鱼类各表型比例与实际测量值相接近,表型最大平均绝对和平均相对误差为0.39%、11.28%,能实现无接触式提取水产养殖中鱼类表型比例。对比其他常见语义分割模型,平均交并比mean intersection over union,mIoU和平均像素准确率mean pixel accuracy,m PA最高,分别到达了87.92%、92.83%。VED-SegNet模型在环境复杂、多鱼重叠的...     

育成期雄性幼貉日粮适宜蛋白质和能量水平的研究

选用健康乌苏里幼公貉63只,随机分为7组(每组9只)。1～4组用以探讨适宜蛋白质水平,其蛋白质水平分别为31.54%、36.39%,40.37%和43.53%;5-7组用以探讨适宜能量水平,其能量水平分别为19589.78,21860.94和22600.04k J/kg。试验分育成前期和冬毛生长期两个阶段进行,饲喂同一营养水平的日粮。结果表明,育成前期饲喂蛋白质水平为36.39%的日粮,可获得理想的体重、体长及经济效益。 冬毛生长期,日粮蛋白质水平在31.54%～43.53%范围内,对幼貉的体重和体长无显著影响。育成期以饲喂能量水平为21860.94～22600.04 k J/kg的日粮为宜。育成前期适宜的蛋能比为16.1～16.6,冬毛生长期为14.0～14.4。     

法氏囊活性肽对鸡体增重及饲料转化率的影响

把不同剂量的法氏囊活性肽 (BS)冻干粉与传染性法氏囊病 (IBD)活苗混合后 ,对 2 1日龄SPF鸡滴鼻点眼 ,同时另选一批同样生长状态的鸡 ,在颈部皮下接种IBD细胞毒油苗 ,同时肌肉注射上述不同剂量法氏囊活性肽 ,观察法氏囊活性肽对鸡生长性能的影响。结果发现 :免疫后7d ,活苗 0 2mLBS组增长最快 ,比免疫对照组多增 82 5 % ,并且饲料报酬高。但从整个试验期看 ,0 4mLBS组增重效果较好 ,比免疫对照组多增 1 9 8% ,并且有较高的饲料转化率。而肌肉注射BS组中 ,高剂量 (0 8mL)BS组的增重效果一直很好 ,比对照组总增重平均多增 7 2 3 % ,并有较高的饲料报酬。这说明滴鼻点眼或是肌肉注射 ,BS都有促生长的作用     

辣木叶多糖对过氧化氢诱导奶牛乳腺上皮细胞氧化损伤的保护作用

奶牛乳腺上皮细胞(BMECs)在奶牛泌乳期代谢旺盛,导致活性氧(ROS)大量产生,从而诱发氧化应激.辣木叶多糖(MLP)能有效清除ROS和自由基,但其是否具有缓解BMECs氧化损伤的潜力尚不清楚.因此,本文以MLP为添加剂,探究其对过氧化氢(H2O2)诱导BMECs氧化损伤的保护作用.本试验首先将分离的BMECs置于含...     

Dietary Supplements of Vitamins E and C and β-Carotene Reduce Oxidative Stress in Cats with Renal Insufficiency

Oxidative stress may contribute to the progression of chronic renal failure. In this study, cats with spontaneous renal insufficiency were fed a dry cat food supplemented with the antioxidants vitamins E and C, and β-carotene for 4 weeks. When compared with healthy cats, cats with renal insufficiency had a tendency to oxidative stress. The antioxidant supplements significantly reduced DNA damage in cats with renal insufficiency as evidenced by reduced serum 8-OHdG and comet assay parameters. Therefore, supplements of vitamins E and C and β-carotene as antioxidants may be beneficial to cats with renal disease. Partial data of this study were presented at the Experimental Biology meeting on 17–21 April, 2004. Washington DC, USA     

不同叶面肥对紫花苜蓿生长、产草量和品质的影响及效益比较

喷施叶面肥是提高苜蓿产草量和品质的有效措施之一。为探明不同叶面肥成分对紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.）生长、产草量和品质的影响,并筛选紫花苜蓿优质高产的叶面施肥方案,本试验以生长第2年的‘东农1号’紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.‘Dongnong No.1’）为材料,在春季返青期一次性土壤施肥基础上,于刈割前20天分别喷施苜蓿专用叶面肥（自主研制,专利申请号：201810124670.2）、0.3%尿素、0.5%磷酸二氢钾、0.3%尿素+0.5%磷酸二氢钾、0.3%尿素+0.1%硫酸亚铁+0.05%钼酸铵、0.5%磷酸二氢钾+0.1%硫酸亚铁+0.05%钼酸铵,0.3%尿素+0.5%磷酸二氢钾+0.1%硫酸亚铁+0.05%钼酸铵这7种叶面肥（分别简称叶面肥A,B,C,D,E,F,G）,以喷施清水为对照,每年刈割3茬,观测不同叶面肥对‘东农1号’紫花苜蓿高度、茎叶比、产草量和营养品质的影响,并进行经济效益比较分析。结果表明：喷施叶面肥均可显著提高紫花苜蓿垂直高度、产草量和粗蛋白含量;其中叶面肥G处理下,全年总干草产量达14 595.81 kg·hm^-2,比对照提高17.70%;平均粗蛋白含量为25.43%,比对照提高3.12%。叶面肥A处理纯增经济效益和产投比分别达2 414.57元·hm^-2和2.63,是叶面肥G处理的2.65倍和8.77倍。经过综合比较分析,在寒地黑土农区喷施紫花苜蓿专用叶面肥（A处理）相对投入较少,产出较多,综合效益最高。     

壳寡糖对脂多糖诱导猪空肠上皮细胞氧化损伤的作用

本试验旨在通过脂多糖(LPS)诱导猪空肠上皮细胞(IPEC-J2)来建立氧化应激模型,探讨壳寡糖(COS)的抗氧化作用效果。采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测LPS和COS对IPEC-J2作用12、24、48 h后细胞增殖活性的变化;选择适宜浓度LPS(1.0μg/m L)和COS(200μg/m L)作用于IPEC-J2,分为对照组、LPS组、COS组、LPS+COS组。采用Western Blot法检测核因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)、血红素氧合酶-1(HO-1)蛋白的表达;试剂盒检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果表明:1.0μg/m L的LPS对IPEC-J2作用24 h,细胞增殖的抑制率为41.6%,为造模的最适浓度和作用时间;COS在一定浓度范围内对IPEC-J2有增殖作用,其浓度为200μg/m L时效果最佳,作用时间为24 h时,细胞增殖率达到126.3%。LPS+COS组较对照组的SOD、CAT活性和M DA含量差异不显著(P0.05),Nrf2和HO-1蛋白相对表达量显著升高(P0.05);LPS+COS组较LPS组的Nrf2蛋白相对表达量显著升高(P0.05),HO-1有升高趋势,但差异不显著(P0.05),SOD、CAT活性显著升高(P0.05),M DA含量显著降低(P0.05)。由此可见,LPS诱导IPEC-J2氧化应激,而COS可进一步促进Nrf2和HO-1蛋白的高表达,并提高抗氧化酶的活性,降低氧化产物含量,从而增强细胞对氧化应激的抵抗力,起到保护作用。     

New technique of sex preselection for increasing female ratio in boar sperm model

In this study, we tried to optimize the porcine semen extender conditions to maximize the differences between live X chromosome-bearing (X) spermatozoa and to Y chromosome-bearing (Y) spermatozoa without a decline in the fertility rate at different pH conditions during storage. We observed the viability of X and Y boar spermatozoa in acidic (pH 6.2), original (pH 7.2), and alkaline condition (pH 8.2) for 5 days to investigate the effect of storage conditions on the X to Y spermatozoa ratio. The functional parameters of spermatozoa were also examined to evaluate sperm quality. Sperm motility was preserved at pH 7.2 and pH 6.2 for 3 days, while sperm motility at pH 8.2 decreased significantly after 2 days. Non-capacitated spermatozoa increased while capacitated spermatozoa decreased during storage. Sperm viability decreased significantly duration-dependent under all pH conditions, but there was no significant difference during storage at pH 6.2 and 7.2. The X: Y ratio of live spermatozoa in acidic condition was maximized (1.2:1) without affecting the sperm function and fertility-related protein expression after 2 days compared to original conditions. Moreover, insemination of sows using acidic extender increased the number of female pups on days 1 and 2 of preservation. These results indicate that the production of female offspring may increase when acidic BTS is used for 2 days without affecting the success rate of AI. Above all, this method is simple and economical compared to other methods.