计算机高职平面设计方向作业布置与评价初探

作业是巩固知识、培养能力的重要环节,是教师为了完成教学目标,及时了解学生的学习状况,使学生知识得以巩固,能力得以提高的重要手段。以计算机高职平面设计方向为例,在体现高职特色和课程特色的基础上,对作业的布置和评价进行初步改革探索。     

大庆湿地类型及文化旅游价值估算

湿地是一种特殊的具有多种功能的生态系统,湿地在保护生物多样性、保持生态环境和可持续发展方面具有重要价值。本文以大庆湿地为研究对象,结合大庆地区2007年LANDSAT TM遥感图形解译数据和实地调查数据,采用地理信息系统技术(GIS),分析大庆湿地分布特征和类型。在此基础上选用费用支出法对大庆湿地文化旅游价值进行了估算:计算结果表明,大庆湿地文化科研价值为4.159 236亿元,大庆湿地旅游价值为7.48亿元,大庆湿地文化旅游价值为11.639 236亿元。     

Field evaluation of some bait additives against Indian crested porcupine (Hystrix indica) (Rodentia: Hystricidae)

This research study evaluated the effect of different additives on the bait consumption by Indian crested porcupine, a serious forest and agricultural pest, under field conditions. Different additives (saccharin, common salt, bone meal, fish meal, peanut butter, egg yolk, egg shell powder, yeast powder, mineral oil and coconut oil) at 2 and 5% each were tested for their relative preference, using groundnut–maize (1:1) as basic bait. All the additives were tested under a no‐choice test pattern. For control tests, no additive was mixed with the basic bait. Saccharin at 5% concentration significantly enhanced the consumption of bait over the basic bait, while 2% saccharin supplemented bait resulted in a non‐significant bait consumption. All other additives did not enhance the consumption of the bait material; rather, these worked as repellents. However, the repellency was lowest with the common salt, followed by egg yolk, egg shell powder, bone meal, peanut butter, mineral oil, fish meal and yeast powder, while coconut remained the most repellent compound. The present study suggested that groundnut–maize (1:1) supplemented with 5% saccharin was the preferred bait combination, and can be used with different rodenticides for the management of Indian crested porcupine.     

Successful drug development despite adverse preclinical findings part 1: processes to address issues and most important findings

Unexpected adverse preclinical findings (APFs) are not infrequently encountered during drug development. Such APFs can be functional disturbances such as QT prolongation, morphological toxicity or carcinogenicity. The latter is of particular concern in conjunction with equivocal genotoxicity results. The toxicologic pathologist plays an important role in recognizing these effects, in helping to characterize them, to evaluate their risk for man, and in proposing measures to mitigate the risk particularly in early clinical trials. A careful scientific evaluation is crucial while termination of the development of a potentially useful drug must be avoided. This first part of the review discusses processes to address unexpected APFs and provides an overview over typical APFs in particular classes of drugs. If the mode of action (MoA) by which a drug candidate produces an APF is known, this supports evaluation of its relevance for humans. Tailor-made mechanistic studies, when needed, must be planned carefully to test one or several hypotheses regarding the potential MoA and to provide further data for risk evaluation. Safety considerations are based on exposure at no-observed-adverse-effect levels (NOAEL) of the most sensitive and relevant animal species and guide dose escalation in clinical trials. The availability of early markers of toxicity for monitoring of humans adds further safety to clinical studies. Risk evaluation is concluded by a weight of evidence analysis (WoE) with an array of parameters including drug use, medical need and alternatives on the market. In the second part of this review relevant examples of APFs will be discussed in more detail.     

关于在科研专项绩效考评中增加延迟性考评指标的思考

中央财政科研专项绩效考评制度的建立和实践有效地提高了科技经费效益,但是受科研项目规律影响,科研项目成果相对于科研经费投入存在一定的滞后期,目前的科研专项绩效考评无法对科研成果进行较完整的考核。文章回顾了我国中央财政对科研专项开展绩效考评的历史,分析了目前对科研专项绩效考评存在的不足,指出在现行考评制度框架基础上对科研专项引入延迟性考评指标,并对开展延迟性考评工作的适用对象、考评期限等提出有关建议。     

图书馆网站的模糊评价模型

网站是高校图书馆的重要组成部分。通过构建对高校图书馆网站的评价指标体系,在此基础上应用模糊综合评价法运用指标体系对高校图书馆网站进行综合评价,旨在为图书馆网站评价方面的研究作出一些有意义的借鉴。     

基于层次分析法的哈尔滨市现代农业发展综合评价

哈尔滨市作为农业大省黑龙江的省会城市,要实现保证国家粮食安全、建设社会主义新农村等目标,必须要加快农业现代化建设。本文通过建立现代农业发展评价的指标体系和基于层次分析法确立权重的综合评价模型,利用1995-2008年数据对哈尔滨市现代农业发展现状进行评价后认为,哈尔滨市现代农业发展始终在进步,各子系统的发展也非常均衡,特别是农业经营水平和新型农民的发展水平比较高。今后应重点加强科技投入和产业结构调整,进行产业化经营。