Cotton Image Segmentation Algorithm Based on Fusion Method of Markov Random Field and Quantum Particle Swarm Cluster

[Objective] The aim of this study was to improve the cotton image segmentation accuracy in a picking robot image processing system. [Method] An image segmentation algorithm based on a fusion method of Markov random field and quantum particle swarm optimization clustering was proposed. The process of the proposed algorithm is as follows: first, transform the RGB (red, green, blue) images into grayscale; second, use it to segment these images; finally, the threshold of the connected area is set on the basis of the segmented image to obtain the target area. Then, the cotton front image and the cotton side image are selected from the images collected from different angles. The segmentation experiment was carried out by using this algorithm, and compared with the Otsu algorithm, the fuzzy C-means algorithm, the quantum particle swarm image segmentation algorithm and the Markov random field image segmentation algorithm. [Result] The results showed that the segmentation accuracy and peak signal to noise ratio of the proposed algorithm were 98.94% and 77.48 dB. When compared with the Otsu algorithm, fuzzy C-means algorithm, quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm and Markov random field algorithm, the average segmentation accuracy and peak signal to noise ratio of the proposed algorithm increased by 2.47%–4.56%, and 9.81–13.11 dB, respectively. [Conclusion] The proposed algorithm had higher segmentation accuracy and higher peak signal to noise ratio than the other algorithms tested.     

基于演化博弈的农产品供应链信息共享行为研究

运用演化博弈理论,建立了一个农产品供应商和生产加工商的两级供应链的信息共享动态演化博弈模型,并对系统长期的动态演化过程进行分析。结果表明,农产品供应链上各企业进行信息共享的行为与博弈双方的支付矩阵及初始值有关。博弈双方的信息吸收能力、共享量和协同效应系数越大,信息共享概率越大;信息共享成本和风险越大,信息共享概率越小;初始值的增大有利于信息共享,但到一定程度后,各企业会逐渐趋于信息不共享。     

关于黑龙江省森林食品资源开发利用的思考

通过对黑龙江省森林食品资源及产业现状的优势分析,提出了森林食品产业发展的措施及建议,以期为促进森林食品资源的合理开发利用,调整森林食品产业结构,增加林区经济收入提供参考。     

退耕还林区森林景观优化策略研究——以云南盐津县为例

文章立足于新一轮退耕还林的重点实施区域云南省盐津县,分析了其在实施层面的现状与问题,研究了县域范围内立地条件、生态敏感性、植被资源及景观斑块等要素,提出了景观优化对策,力求在退耕还林区营建具有复合功能的森林景观以发挥多重效益,以期为同类研究与实践提供有益参考。     

The effects of sperm–egg ratios on polyspermy in the blood clam,Tegillarca granosa

Polyspermy in Tegillarca granosa, which leads to failure or abnormal development of early embryos, appears to be directly related to varying sperm–egg ratios. We investigated the correlation between sperm–egg ratios and conditions of embryonic development by setting six strict sperm–egg ratios and subsequently scoring fertilization rate, abnormal rate, rates of trochophore and D‐shaped larvae. When sperm–egg ratios rose from 2 × 10²:1 to 1 × 10³:1, D‐shaped larvae rate dropped significantly from 78.8 ± 13.3% to 47.8 ± 14.9% (analysis of variance, P< 0.05), and to 3.6 ± 2.8% in the 2 × 10⁴:1 group. Using fluorescence microscope observation, polyspermy rates rose from 2.6 ± 0.8% to 72.9 ± 4.8% with increases in sperm–egg ratios. Sperm–egg ratios were therefore correlated with polyspermy rate, which seriously affected larval survival. Under the premise of higher fertilization rate, the sperm–egg ratios of ≤2 × 10²:1 appeared to be more beneficial for embryonic development of T. granosa.     

京郊休闲型家庭农场发展创新策略及保障机制

北京郊区具备发展休闲型家庭农场的多种条件,可以通过理性规划,准确定位;注入农耕文化,融于体验;塑造品牌,注重营销的创新发展策略来展开。在此基础上,政府应通过加强引导,提供各种政策保障;调整发展思路,促进农场区域化发展;建立休闲型农场专门人才的培养机制,提升农场主文化与经营水平等一系列保障机制来实现。     

西藏湿地保护现状及发展策略探讨

分析西藏湿地现状与主要问题,即湿地及草原植被退化、土地沙化与盐碱化、湿地生物多样性减少、湿地污染、草原火灾等,以及问题产生的原因;提出湿地保护策略为加强湿地自然保护区新建力度、加大对现有湿地自然保护区的能力建设、逐步修复重要湿地功能、适度合理利用湿地。     

自动观测与人工观测能见度的差异性分析及检验

利用安徽省安庆气象观测站2012年自动观测与人工观测能见度资料,分析不同观测时次和不同天气现象的自动观测与人工观测能见度的差异性。采用相关系数法计算不同情形下的自动观测与人工观测能见度的相关性。通过差值的统计特征分析不同观测时次和不同天气现象的自动观测与人工观测能见度的差异性,并利用符号检验法和Wilcoxon秩检验法对两者的差异性进行假设检验。结果表明,不同观测时次的自动观测和人工观测能见度近似呈完全正相关性,不同天气现象的自动观测和人工观测能见度的相关性也较高;不同观测时次和不同天气现象的自动观测和人工观测能见度均存在显著性差异。     

滇中地区花椰菜引种观察试验初报

于2006年秋,引进51个花椰菜品种,在昆明市海拔1 920 m的试验地安排花椰菜引种观察试验,试验结果表明,太白、一代神良100天、赛白80、玛瑞亚和白阳5个品种商品性优,产量性状也较理想,抗病性较好,具有良好的推广应用前景,适宜在滇中地区种植,建议参加2007年的品种比较试验.     

抗除草剂转基因作物面临的机遇与挑战及其发展策略

2008年全球抗除草剂转基因作物已占转基因作物总种植面积的80%以上,抗除草剂成为最主要的转基因应用的性状.该技术的成功应用极大地降低了杂草防除成本、增加了安全性和减少了除草剂的残留药害.但是,抗除草剂转基因作物的大规模产业化将导致除草剂市场单一化,从而冲击除草剂产业,还会产生杂草抗药性和基因逃逸等环境安全问题,因此抗除草剂转基因作物面临着挑战.在我国转基因抗除草剂作物还没有实际的商业化,不过由于市场巨大、政策支持等面临良好发展机遇.此外,从抗除草剂基因利用、转基因抗除草剂作物的研究与开发策略等方面进行综述,以期为我国转基因抗除草剂作物的研究与开发提供可能有益的信息.