基于贝叶斯分类实现数字图书馆主动推送服务

对如何通过贝叶斯分类实现数字图书馆主动推送服务进行了探讨。     

杂交晚粳新组合40优04的选育及其应用

40优 0 4是安徽省农科院水稻研究所用本所育成的光敏核不育系 40 0 8S与常规晚粳秀水 0 4配组育成的两系杂交晚粳新组合。该组合具有产量高、米质优、抗性好、抗倒伏等特点。 1999年 8月通过安徽省农作物品种审定委员会审定     

冷水江锑矿区重金属污染林地土壤环境质量评价

为了给锑矿区土壤生态修复、造林树种选择和快速恢复植被提供科学依据,采集了冷水江锑矿区受重金属污染的林地土壤样品,运用原子吸收分光光度法对土壤中6种重金属元素进行了测定,并对锑矿区受重金属污染的森林土壤环境质量进行了全面评价,结果表明:锑矿区三地点土壤中Sb、As、Pb、Hg、Cd、Zn含量有极显著差异。七里铺点土壤中以Sb、Hg、Cd、Zn含量最高,长龙界点土壤中以As含量最高,联盟点土壤中以Pb含量最高。随着土层厚度的增加,土壤中Sb、As、Pb、Hg、Cd、Zn含量呈递减的趋势。联盟点、长龙界点重金属污染的大小顺序是:Sb>Cd>Hg>As>Zn>Pb。七里铺点重金属污染的大小顺序是:Sb>Cd>Hg>Zn>As>Pb。依据内梅罗污染指数评价标准,冷水江锑矿区存在着严重的Sb、As、Cd、Hg和轻度的Zn、Pb复合污染。从不同土层重金属污染的内梅罗污染指数及重金属含量的分布特征分析,Sb、Hg在土壤中具有较大的迁移性,Zn具有中等的迁移性,而As、Pb、Cd则具有较小的迁移性。     

小样本情况下需水量预测模型研究

针对传统的GM（1,1）模型,分析了其预测结果与实际过程存在的偏差,通过GM（1,1）模型与自回归滑动平均模型相结合的方法以弥补偏差。以钦州市1999-2009年及2005-2009年城市供水总量这两组基础数据对本文所建模型进行验证,并利用此模型预测了钦州市2010-2018年需水量。通过与其他预测模型的对比,进一步证...     

Partial replacement of Fe(o,o‐EDDHA) by humic substances for Fe nutrition and fruit quality of citrus

The most widely used Iron (Fe) fertilizer in calcareous soils is the synthetic chelate Fe(o,o‐EDDHA). However, humic substances are occasionally combined with Fe chelates in drip irrigation systems in order to lower costs. We investigated the effect of various mixtures of Fe(o,o‐EDDHA) and a commercially available humic substance on Fe availability in a calcareous soil from Murcia, Spain (in vitro experiment) and on leaf Fe content and fruit‐quality attributes of Citrus macrophylla (field experiment). In the in vitro experiment, a calcareous soil was incubated for 15 d with solutions of sole Fe(o,o‐EDDHA) and humic substance and of a mixture of humic substance and Fe(o,o‐EDDHA) to determine the dynamics of available Fe. While the mixture did not significantly increase the available soil Fe, it did decrease the rate of Fe retention in the surface soil compared to sole Fe(o,o‐EDDHA). In the field experiment, the substitution in the application solution of 67% of Fe(o,o‐EDDHA) by commercial humic substance increased leaf P in lemon trees from 0.19% with sole Fe(o,o‐EDDHA) to 0.30% and leaf Fe from 94 mg kg^–1 to 115 mg kg^–1. Some quality parameters like vitamin C content and peel thickness were also improved with a partial substitution of Fe(o,o‐EDDHA) by humic substances. We conclude that a partial substitution of commercial Fe chelates by humic substance can improve crop Fe uptake and may thus be economically attractive. The underlying physiological mechanisms and ecological implications require further studies.     

Heavy Metal Accumulation in Plants on Mn Mine Tailings

The Xiangtan Manganese （Mn） Mine in the middle of Hunan Province, China, has been mined since 1913 with mine tailings including excavated wastes, wastewater, and smelting wastes. A survey was conducted on the Mn mine tailing soils and eight plants on the Mn mine tailings. The concentrations of soil Mn, Pb, and Cd and the metal-enrichment traits of these eight plants were analyzed simultaneously. Exceptionally high concentrations of these three metals were found in the soils, especially on the tailing dam. Each plant investigated in this study accumulated the three heavy metals, but no hyperaccumulator of these metals was found. However, analysis indicated that Poa pratensis Linn., Gnaphalium affine D. Don, Pteris vittata L., Conyza canadensis （L.） Cronq., and Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. possessed specially good metalenrichment and metal-tolerant traits. P. pratensis, G. affine, and P. vittata were Pb-tolerant plants; and C. canadensis, P. pratensis, and G. affine were Cd-tolerant plants. P acinosa had a great tolerance to Mn, and it was a valuable plant for on-site phytoremediation. Phragmites communis Trin. was found to have high metal tolerance and economic benefit as a raw material for paper and should be considered for soil remediation. G. affine and C. canadensis had excessive accumulation of Mn and could be useful in phytoremediation. However, although P. pratensis was a good accumulator, it was not a suitable plant for soil remediation because its biomass was too little.     

广东大宝山矿区土壤侵蚀强度判别方法研究

大宝山矿区土壤侵蚀主要由露天采矿及排弃的废渣土引起。通过对大宝山矿区范围内40个典型坡面及其中11个特征坡面的调查分析,认为坡长、坡高、侵蚀沟密度可以用来表征矿区不同坡面的土壤侵蚀特性及其差异。采用聚类分析、判别分析方法,构建了矿区土壤侵蚀强度判别模型,模型平均误判概率为0.07,具有较高的可信度。经判别,大宝山矿区现有水土流失面积324.48 hm2,占矿区总面积的48.8%,土壤侵蚀严重,由此引发了一系列环境问题,必须尽快进行整治。由本研究方法得到的侵蚀模数虽只是一个范围值,需要内插后才能得到确定值,但这对于编制水土保持方案、布置水土保持措施来讲,已完全能够满足要求。     

神东矿区堆积弃土坡地入渗规律试验研究

选择了神东矿区内土壤类型一致、土壤初始含水率、坡度相似而弃土时间分别为2002～2003年、1996～1997年、1990～1991年的小区和原状土,以及弃土时间为1990～1991年、植被覆盖度相似的不同坡度及坡度、植被覆盖度相似而坡长不同的10个试验小区进行强度为2.0 mm/min人工降雨模拟试验。通过对各场降雨进行入渗率计算,获得10场入渗率变化曲线。结果表明,不同时间堆积弃土具有不同的稳定入渗率,新堆积坡地入渗率要明显高于原状土,达到稳定入渗时间要比原状土长。随着堆积时间的延长,稳定入渗率逐渐下降到原状土水平。坡度、坡长的变化影响弃土坡地入渗过程。坡度越大,产流越快、入渗过程越不稳定;坡长越长,产流越慢、入渗率变化越大。但在其它条件相似的情况下,坡度、坡长的改变对稳定入渗率的影响较小。     

陕北黄土高原森林群落物种多样性分析

晋陕蒙能源基地榆神府矿区,煤炭资源丰富,是我国重要的能源重化工基地。由于地处鄂尔多斯盆地东北部的黄土丘陵区和毛乌素沙地,自然条件恶劣,生态环境十分脆弱,水土流失是该区主要环境地质问题之一,而煤炭资源的大规模开发,必将加剧水土流失和环境恶化。根据1987年、1992年和1999年3期TM卫星遥感影像解译成果,在地理信息系统空间数据库功能的支持下,应用层次分析法,评价了该区水土流失现状,初步揭示了水土流失影响因素和发展规律。结合调查成果,研究了矿山开发等对水土流失的影响,并进行了初步预测评价,为该区环境保护和水土流失的防治提供了依据。     

Revegetation of copper mine tailings with ryegrass and willow

To restore vegetation on metal mine tailings is very difficult because they often contain high concentrations of heavy metals, low nutrient content and low water retention capacity. This study involved 3 experiments that evaluated the effects of 4 treatment amendments: montmorillonite, rice straw, organic manure and chemical fertilizer on the growth of ryegrass (Loliurn perenne L.) and willow (Salix virninalis L.) with Cu and Zn mine tailings from two mining areas. The results showed that ryegrass was the most tolerant of 4 crops to Cu toxicity. Also when organic manure, which contained high concentrations of inorganic salts, was added to the mine tailings, it significantly hindered ryegrass growth (P=0.05).Meanwhile, with ryegrass organic manure significantly increased (P=0.05) the extractable Cu concentration in both mine tallings. When montmorillonite was used as a mine tailings amendment with willow, the height and tress number at the 1st cut were significantly greater (P = 0.05) than a control without montmorillonite. However there was no significant difference for height, tress number, dry weight or root dry weight at the 2nd cut. So, amendment applications to reduce metal toxicity and increase nutrients retention in mine tailings were essential during revegetation of mine tailings.