Construction of SSR Linkage Map and Analysis of QTLs for Rolled Leaf in Japonica Rice

Genetic analysis of rolled leaf is important to rice ideotype breeding. To detect loci controlling rolled leaf of japonica restorer lines, SSR marker genotypes and phenotypes of flag leaf rolling index (LRI) were investigated in Xiushui 79 (P1, a japonica rice variety), C Bao (P2, a japonica restorer line) and 254 recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross between P1 and P2 , and in two environments. A genetic map of this cross was constructed, QTLs for LRI were detected and their interactions with environments were analyzed. Among 818 pairs of SSR primers, 90 primers showed polymorphism between P1 and P2, and 12 markers showed highly significant correlation with LRI in both environments based on single marker regression analysis. The genetic map containing 74 information loci has a total distance of 744.6 cM, with an average of 10.1 cM between two adjacent loci. Three QTLs (qRL-1, qRL-7 and qRL-8-1) were detected with two softwares: WinQTLCart 2.5 and QTLNetwork2.0. qRL-8-1 was a new locus, accounting for 15.5% and 12.8% of phenotypic variations in the two environments, respectively. The phenotypic variation explained by additive effect was 6.6%. No interaction was found between qRL-8-1 genotype and environments.     

Comparison of Morphological and Genetic Differentiations in Filial Generation of Cross Between Indica and Japonica Rice

A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of F8 and F9 generations derived from a cross between a typical indica rice (Qishanzhan) and a typical japonica rice (Akihikari) was used to study the difference between morphological differentiation based on phenotype characters and genetic differentiation using indica and japonica specific SSR markers, and to evaluate the relationship between vascular bundle characters and morphological and genetic differentiations. The results showed that the frequency distributions of morphological and genetic differentiations were all inclined to japonica type in the filial generation. The population was more inclined to japonica type based on genetic differentiation than on morphological differentiation. The consistent degrees of classification based on the Cheng's index, the ratio of large vascular bundle number to small vascular bundle number in panicle neck (RLSVB) and the ratio of large vascular bundle number in the second internode from the top to that in the panicle neck (RLVB) were all about 50% compared with the genetic differentiation, and the consistent degree of the total scores of the Cheng's index combined with the vascular bundle number ratios was significantly increased to about 80% compared with the genetic differentiation. Therefore, the vascular bundle characters could be used as a helpful supplement for subspecies classification.     

Determination of the Number of SSR Alleles Necessary for the Analysis of Genetic Relationships Between Maize Inbred Lines

The amount of molecular marker information has considerable impact on the results of studies of crop germplasm genetic relationships in crop. The number of alleles required to reveal genetic relationship in maize inbred lines is a theoretical issue that needs to be addressed. In this study, 112 pairs of SSR （simple sequence repeat） primers and 97 maize inbred lines were selected to study the relationship between the number of inbred lines and the number of SSR primers and alleles required for a stable cluster. The results showed that the number of SSR primers is not tightly associated with the stability of the cluster analysis results, while an increase in the number of alleles can significantly improve the stability of cluster analysis results. The number of inbred lines （X） is significantly associated with the number of alleles required for stable cluster analysis （Y）, and the regression equation is Y- 600.8xe（-15.9/x）. This equation can be used to calculate the number of SSR alleles required for a genetic relationship study of maize inbred lines. These results provide a reference for determining of SSR alleles number in genetic relationship analysis of maize inbred line and other crop germplasm.     

优质籼稻恢复系泉恢131的选育及利用

泉恢131是福建省泉州市农科所以恢复系多系1号为母本,稳定的籼粳交中间材料Y31-121为父本杂交育成的优质偏籼型恢复系。具有株型适中,分蘖力强,米质优,配合力强,抗性良好等特点,所配组合Ⅱ优131表现优良,于2005年通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定。     

利用分子标记辅助选育大白菜核基因雄性不育系

本研究以含不育基因Ms的大白菜细胞核复等位基因型雄性不育两用系"AB01"的可育株(MsfMs)为供体亲本,以高代自交系‘a20’(msms)为轮回亲本,采用杂交和连续回交转育方法,利用与不育基因Ms连锁的SCAR标记syau_scr01辅助不育基因Ms选择,成功地将不育基因转育到可育品系‘a20’中,育成了不育度和不育株率均为100%,植物学性状与自交系‘a20’相近的新核不育系GMS4。选择结果表明syau_scr01选择的准确率为100%,验证了该标记可以用于大白菜核不育系转育辅助选择。     

粳稻淡黄绿叶标记不育系选育及其应用

利用辐射育种材料中出现的淡黄绿叶水稻突变体选育带有该特殊标记的粳稻三系不育系和保持系,进而利用它来研制可供生产应用的杂粳组合。选用的淡黄绿叶水稻突变体其叶色自苗期至成熟期始终呈淡黄绿色,与正常水稻的绿色极易区分,用它与正常水稻杂交,其F1代苗呈正常绿色,F2代苗中绿色与淡黄绿叶苗的比例接近3∶1,绿色表现为显性,淡黄绿叶色为隐性,而且很可能是受一对隐性基因控制。     

晋富2号苹果新品种选育

晋富2号为宫腾富士苹果的条红芽变新品种,其突出特点为果面纵向条纹一致、纹理较宽、色彩鲜亮、着色面积大及可溶性固形物含量较高,综合品质优良。经过9年的观察鉴定和区域化试验得出,晋富2号变异性状稳定,能够作为山西省及我国西部同类地区富士系标准化生产的条红型优良品种。     

化学诱变玉米自交系性状分析

对11个化学诱变玉米自交系材料进行种植,并观察记录各个材料的生育周期,对玉米植株的性状和穗部性状进行记录分析,最后综合玉米各个农艺性状,结果发现,27QB52,27QB51,27QB31,27QB41为优良材料。     

水稻两用温敏核不育系孟S的选育与应用

孟S是广西绿田种业有限公司选育的温敏核不育系,具有农艺性状稳定、败育彻底、开花习性好、米质优、可恢复性好、配合力高等特点,于2010年5月通过广西农作物品种审定。孟S制种繁殖技术要点：确定合理的播种期、育性转换敏感期和抽穗扬花期;选择自然隔离条件好、背风向阳、田块连片的山冲田;科学管理水肥,培育高产群体。