Needs and expectations of German and Chinese children for livable urban green spaces revealed by the method of empathy-based stories

One of the important features of cities is to provide high-quality outdoor environments for various groups of citizens. Although children are frequent users of green spaces, the knowledge and perspectives applied in planning and design of urban green spaces are mostly defined by adults. This results in spaces and practices that may limit the daily lives and creativity of urban children. Promoting child-friendly cities benefits from knowledge produced by children themselves, regarding their perceptions and experiences, as well as ideas and suggestions. This study provides empirical results concerning children’s needs and mental images for urban green spaces in two urban areas in two countries (Chengdu, China, and Ruhr Region, Germany). 765 children, ages 8–10 were surveyed through the method of empathy-based stories (MEBS). Participants were asked to use their imagination to write stories according to given scenarios. Our study shows that MEBS can be used to gather meaningful data with children, and that children are an important stakeholder group in urban planning, landscape design and management with an ability to express their diverse needs and preferences towards green spaces. Both designed green spaces (e.g. gardens, parks) and wild nature (e.g. forests, meadows) can offer a range of activities and experiences for children in their everyday lives: opportunities for play, socializing, contact with nature, aesthetic and restorative experiences, learning and exploration. Our findings include indications of children’s awareness of the diverse ecosystem services that green spaces provide, as well as of urban sustainability and livability. While we found German and Chinese children to have corresponding needs and expectations regarding urban green spaces and nature, we also found some variation. We suggest that the use of, and experiences in green spaces are linked not only to the landscape but also to conceptual-cultural contexts.     

神府矿区土地利用与NDVI时空变化及其驱动因素分析

旨在研究矿区人类活动引起的土地利用变化及其对植被指数变化影响.以陕西省神府矿区为研究范围,应用线性趋势法和相关系数,结合土地利用和MODIS NDVI数据,分析了神府矿区土地利用与NDVI时空变化过程及其驱动因素.结果 表明,2000-2010年神府矿区土地利用变化特征表现为耕地大面积转为草地和建设用地迅速增加.200...     

矿区废弃地生态脆弱性评价分析——以个旧锡矿区为例

以个旧锡矿区的废弃地作为研究对象,从废弃地的形成原因和不同干扰模式等两个方面选择具有代表性样地,再从样地中选择能反映矿区废弃地脆弱性的指标因子进行分析测定,经分析量化构建了矿区废弃地生态环境脆弱性的等级评价体系,并应用其对废弃地进行脆弱性评价分级,针对研究区的脆弱度变化情况作简要的分析。     

面向过程挖掘的C4．5在营销决策支持系统中的应用

产品营销过程中,企业需从目标市场中判断高、中、低档产品,哪类更适合其市场需求,以此可使在复杂的市场环境下及时调整产品结构,适应市场需求变化。本文采用数据挖掘C4．5算法,将原有的硒数据经处理后,导入到数据仓库中形成结构化数据,采用过程挖掘的方法对挖掘结果进行分析和评估,充分发挥决策支持系统的辅助决策作用。     

基于植被演替理论的城市废弃地植物景观营造策略

近年来随着我国城市化进程,老旧建筑、设施拆除后所形成的城市废弃地对城市容貌、生态环境、生活环境产生了严重的危害。在当前生态文明和绿色发展理念指引下,对城市废弃地进行景观营造已迫在眉睫。植被演替理论对于城市废弃地植被景观营造有着深远的指导意义,在该理论的指导下,文章以北京石景山衙门口绿地规划为例,从植物种类的选择、植物群落结构的搭配与组合等方面探讨了植物景观营造的策略与路径,为推进城市废弃地景观营造和植物环境优化提供了一定的理论指导与借鉴。     

PINUS INSULARIS IN NORTHERN RHODESIA

A study was undertaken of silvicultural, “mechanical” and combined methods of thinning. A comparison between the methods, on the basis of productivity and costs, showed that a 1 in 9 combined, log-length method was the most efficient while the 1 in 3 combined, tree-length method was the least efficient.     

辽西半干旱地区不同树种造林对矸石废弃地土壤化学性质的影响

通过在辽西半干旱地区不同类型矸石废弃地对上进行不同树种造林试验,结果表明,在Ⅰ类矸石废弃地上,紫穗槐、锦鸡儿在改善全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效磷方面较其他树种差异性显著,白榆在改善全氮方面较显著;在Ⅱ类类矸石废弃地上,白榆、刺槐对于速效氮改善差异性显著,紫穗槐、锦鸡儿在改善全氮、全磷、速效磷方面较其他树种差异性显著,紫穗槐、锦鸡儿在改善速效氮差异性极显著,白榆在改善全氮方面较显著;在Ⅲ类矸石废弃地上,臭椿、火炬树在改善全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效磷方面较其他树种差异性显著,刺槐在改善全磷、速效氮方面较显著;在Ⅳ类地区的矸石废弃地上,火炬树、刺槐、臭椿在改良土壤养分状况方面较之其他树种差异性显著。     

DBSCAN算法优化及在村镇管理决策中的应用

作为空间数据挖掘技术中的一种,带有噪声的空间聚类应用算法(DBSCAN算法)是基于密度的聚类算法,其可以从空间数据库中发现任意形状的聚类。本文研究了基于密度的空间聚类算法优化原理及实现过程,分析了原始DBSCAN算法存在的问题,通过避免公共领域对象的重复查询,减少对核心对象邻域查询的计算,优化后算法的时间效率提高了33.73%。将优化后的DBSCAN算法应用于村镇网格化管理,可对网格化管理系统中的数据记录进行有效挖掘,为村镇管理工作提供信息和辅助决策。     

数据挖掘的技术特点及发展现状

首先给出数据挖掘所涉及的技术领域及其研究特点，介绍了数据仓库与一般事务数据库的区别，基于对典型数据挖掘算法的基本原理、实现技术及应用领域的分析，论证了数据挖掘是当前信息技术的一个核心研究内容。文章的最后给出了未来数据挖掘的研究方向及发展趋势。