沙木蓼蒸腾耗水规律研究

采用热平衡包裹式树干茎流测量系统(Stem Heat Balance,SHB)和自动气象站观测沙木蓼生长季茎干液流以及环境因子,以揭示毛乌素沙地沙木蓼(Atraphaxis bracteata A.Los)蒸腾耗水规律。结果表明:1)沙木蓼液流具有明显的昼夜节律,启动、停止与日出、日落同步,夜间仍保持一定液流,以补充植物体水分亏缺。2)沙木蓼液流规律受天气影响显著:降雨时白天的液流速率大幅下降,夜间液流却大幅提升,日液流总量降至晴天的一半;阴天液流速率平缓,昼夜差距减小,液流总量较晴天小幅下降;多云天液流速率波动剧烈,但总液流量变化不大。3)沙木蓼生长季的液流量与土壤水分状况和植物体的生长阶段密切相关,6、7月份沙木蓼植株处在旺盛的营养生长阶段,新叶生长迅速,加上土壤含水充足,液流量总体是增长趋势,从7月末到8月份沙木蓼植株从营养生长期过渡到生殖生长以开花结果为主的阶段,蒸腾减小,同时天气干旱土壤水分逐渐亏缺,液流量呈下降趋势。4)从6月到8月基茎9mm,16mm,25mm的沙木蓼总耗水分别为100.8kg,170.5kg,301.3kg。沙木蓼植株生长季茎干液流总量基本与基茎成正比,平均为11.5kg/mm/a,可以用来作各个茎级沙木蓼植株的茎干液流推算,进而推算已知林分的总蒸腾耗水量。     

Experimental study on the mechanical behavior of eccentrically loaded steel tubular columns filled with structural steel and concrete

Considered strength classes of concrete, ratio of structural steel to concrete, ratio of steel tube to concrete and eccentricity ratio of load, 6 test specimens of steel tubular columns filled with structural and concrete are designed. The damage phenomena of specimens are described in detail and the failure mechanism is analyzed. The results show the initial failure of the specimens are began from the yield of steel tube, the ultimate failure are ended from the buckling of steel tube caused by the expansion of core concrete. Due to the existence of structural steel, the ductility of specimens is superior to steel tubular columns. Before the yield of steel tube, the plane cross-section assumption of specimens can be put into use. The ultimate bearing capacity of specimens is increased with the increase of strength classes of concrete, ratio of structural steel to concrete and ratio of steel tube to concrete. But the ultimate bearing capacity and ductility are decreased with the increase of eccentricity ratio.     

Experimental analysis of matrix shrinkage’s influence on mechanical permeability of gas filled coal

Based on the coal seam of Zhao zhuang coal mine and Si he coal mine belong to Jin cheng anthracite Mining Group in Shanxi province, by using the self developed three axial servo controlled seepage equipment for hot fluid solid coupling of coal containing methane, parallel experiments for permeability of helium and methane under different gas pressures are carried out to quantitatively study the influence of Klinkenberg effects on the permeability of coal. Meanwhile, the problem of permeability decreasing caused by fluid pressure decreasing and gas desorption is eliminated by controlling the effective stress. The results show thatthe Klinkenberg effect is obvious under low gas pressure. With the increase of gas pressure, the permeability of coal decreases at first and then increases. The inflection points of gas pressure for Klinkenberg effect are about 0.9 MPa both for coal samples in Zhao zhuang coal mine and Si he coal mine. When the effective stress is constant, with the increase of gas pressure, the permeability increment caused by Klinkenberg effect decreases, while permeability increment caused by coal matrix shrinkage increases. Coal matrix shrinkage has a close relationship with the mechanical properties of coal rock mass. For the coal sample with a poor mechanical property, coal matrix shrinkage is more obvious.     

马尾松单板脱脂处理前后性能的变化

采用碱液脱脂处理马尾松单板,研究其物理力学性能的变化。结果表明：脱脂处理后,马尾松单板的气干密度略有增加,吸水厚度膨胀率、吸水率增大;马尾松单板的顺纹弹性模量急剧下降,顺纹静曲强度下降不大;马尾松单板由偏酸性变为偏碱性。     

砂壤质潮土定位试验30年的肥效演变

利用建立于1980年的砂壤质潮土肥料长期定位试验,对30年的肥效演变进行了研究与分析.结果表明,长期不同施肥处理,小麦、玉米历年产量顺序基本趋势为NPK＞ NP＞N＞CK;有机肥与化肥配合,作物产量大幅度提高,均高于相对应的化肥,且稳产性好.单施化肥前3年,氮肥养分效率明显,磷、钾肥效果不明显,3年后氮效下降,而磷、钾效上升;磷肥连续施用有明显的残效迭加效应,比一次足量施用具有更好的增产效果,且小麦的磷肥肥效高于玉米;砂壤质潮土增施钾肥有明显和稳定的增产效果,配施有机肥后肥效明显下降.有机肥与化肥配合,有机肥肥效随N、P、K配合比例的增加而降低,有机肥长期施用有明显的后效.养分供应不协调会引起作物缺素而严重影响生长发育,以致减产.     

中外木材物理力学数据的换算

根据中外木材物理力学性质试验方法标准的差异，提出了中外木材密度、干缩性和力学强度等试验数据的换算方法，以解决两类木材试验数据的对比问题。     

内蒙古赤峰科尔泌沙地魔芋引种试验初报

通过在赤峰科尔泌沙地魔芋引种试验,初步观测说明,魔芋能够在该在地生长,并能形成较好产量。用500g的种芋种植,当年单株平均产量1329.2g;375g的球茎种平均增重达250.2%。能够适应当地的气候和土壤条件且生长正常。     

多元智能理论指导下的职校机械制图教学探讨

应用多元智能理论在中等职业学校进行教学具有重大意义,多元智能理论对机械制图教学尤其具有指导性和可操作性,在多元智能理论指导下,在机械制图课中正确运用教学策略应是教学改革的重要部分。     

高职机械AutoCAD项目化教学的探索与实践

Auto CAD是高职院校机械类专业的核心课程,该课程传统的讲授式教学方法教学效果一直不太理想。文章根据九江职业技术学院机械类学生的学习特点和教学现状,将传统的教学方法改变为项目化教学,教学实践证明学生的绘图能力和学习热情均得到提高。     

开设ERP沙盘模拟课提升会计专业学生的综合素质

在会计专业教学过程中引入ERP沙盘模拟课，通过体验式教学方法融角色扮演、情景模拟和案例分析于一体。可以调动学生主动学习的积极性，使学生在模拟训练中完成从知识到技能的转化，为培养具有良好职业道德和实践能力强的高技能会计应用型人才创造了条件。