杂交狼尾草打浆后饲喂早中期妊娠母猪效果研究

开展以沼液浇灌的“闽牧6号”杂交狼尾草（Pennisetum americarum×P．purpureum cv．Minmu 6）打浆不同比例饲喂怀孕早中期母猪(0～80 d)效果研究,试验设4个饲喂量处理,处理1（CK）~处理4,妊娠早中期分别饲喂打浆鲜草0、2、4、6 kg/(头·d),牧草以折合成干物质等量替代配合饲料。结果表明,4个处理的母猪窝产仔数分别为13.42、10.60、13.64和11.50头,窝活仔数分别为12.42、10.30、12.73和9.92头,饲喂2和4 kg/（头·d）打浆鲜草在活仔数方面与对照差异不显著,而饲喂6 kg/（头·d）打浆鲜草则显著低于不饲喂鲜(P<0.05)。饲喂牧草的处理仔猪初生体质量、健仔率都比对照得到不同程度的提高,试验结果还表明,怀孕早中期母猪通过饲喂2～4 kg/（头·d）狼尾草草浆来补充纤维来源,可提高母猪的生产性能和仔猪品质,尤其以饲喂4 kg/（头·d）打浆鲜草,饲粮粗纤维含量为8.24%～9.41%,效果最佳。     

牧区极端条件下绵羊饲喂秸秆应急料的研究

为研究小麦(Triticum aestivum)秸秆型及玉米(Zea mays)秸秆型全价颗粒饲料作为家畜草料空缺期的应急料,在高寒牧区特殊气候条件下对甘肃高山细毛羊育成羊生长发育的影响,本研究选择体况相近的6月龄甘肃高山细毛羊育成母羊48只,随机分为试验组Ⅰ(18只,每只仅饲喂小麦秸秆型全价颗粒饲料1.2 kg·d^–1)、试验组Ⅱ(17只,每只仅饲喂玉米秸秆型全价颗粒饲料1.2 kg·d^–1)、对照组[13只,每只饲喂玉米0.05 kg·d^–1+燕麦草(Avena sativa) 0.2 kg·d^–1],在舍饲条件下进行为期16 d的饲喂试验。结果表明:试验组Ⅱ羊只平均日增重显著高于对照组(P <0.05);试验组Ⅱ羊只血清中总蛋白、球蛋白的浓度显著高于对照组(P <0.05);试验组Ⅰ羊只血清中谷草转氨酶、乳酸脱氢酶的活性及白蛋白的浓度显著高于对照组(P <0.05),试验组Ⅱ与对照组无显著差异(P> 0.05)。由此可见,用玉米秸秆型全价颗粒饲料作为应急料优于传统的燕麦...     

干法膨化宠物饲料技术参数关系的研究

采用双螺杆膨化机干法工艺对宠物全价粉状饲料进行膨化并制粒,研究所得产品的容重与淀粉糊化度、硬度指标之间的关系,以及设备参数和配方特性对颗粒饲料容重的影响。结果表明:容重与淀粉糊化度、硬度密切相关;设备参数与配方特性均对产品容重有极显著影响;通过容重的测定估测其熟度和硬度具有可行性;可以通过调节喂料速度和膨化玉米比例控制产品容重。     

The Effects of Replacing Dicalcium Phosphate with Busumbu Rock Phosphate on Performance and the Mechanical Properties of Bone in Growing Chicks

Three hundred, day-old broiler chicks, with an average initial weight of 41.8±1.79 g, were used in a 15-day study (10 birds per battery cage) to characterize their performance and fluorine status when dicalcium phosphate (DCP) was replaced by Busumbu rock phosphate (BRP) as the source of phosphorus in the chicks' ration. The treatments comprised a standard ration with BRP replacing 0, 25%, 50%, 75% or 100% of DCP. Replacing DCP with BRP significantly reduced the final weight of the chicks (p<0.01), feed intake (p<0.01), weight gains (p<0.01) and dry matter digestibility (p<0.05) but increased (p<0.05) the feed-to-gain ratio. True phosphorus absorption and the percentage of phosphorus in the tibia were not affected by increasing amounts of BRP in the diet. Increasing levels of BRP in the diet linearly reduced (p<0.01) the percentage bone ash, calcium, Ca:P ratio, ultimate breaking force, bending moment, stress, and modulus of elasticity. Leg stiffness, lameness, reduced feed intake, and a decline in general health were recorded in 10–40% of the chicks on 75% and 100% BRP, respectively. These results suggest that excessive ingestion of fluorine from the BRP caused the reduction in the chicks' performance.     

湖羊及其杂交后代中双羔羔羊断奶期的生长发育研究

采用SAS8．2的GLM过程和ttest过程对同期出生、不同杂交组合方式的290头 湖羊杂交后代的体重和日增重进行分析。结果表明,不同杂交组合方式对子一代初出生重和二 月龄断奶重都有显著提高,但只有三元杂交对二月龄日增重有显著影响。不同杂交组合间,美 利奴×夏洛来×湖羊组合效果最好,与其它三组都有显著差异。     

牛初乳免疫球蛋白对仔猪血清IgG含量和增重的影响

试验选用120头大白仔猪,随机分为3组。A组为对照组,饲喂生理盐水,其余各组均于出生后24 h之内饲喂不同剂量的牛初乳免疫球蛋白制剂,观察对仔猪5、10日龄血清中牛IgG和猪IgG含量以及断奶时增重的影响。结果表明,饲喂牛初乳免疫球蛋白制剂4 g的仔猪,其5、10日龄血清中牛IgG和猪IgG含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),断奶时增重显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。     

草原红牛导入丹麦红牛血液试验效果(第二报)

为了提高草原红牛的生产性能,1985年开始在翁牛特旗海金山种牛场进行了草原红牛导入丹麦红牛血液试验。初步试验结果表明:丹红F_1毛色基本同草原红牛;尻部宽、长而平,原有斜尻缺点已明显得到改进;各阶段体重、体尺均有明显提高,尤以体躯的重量、宽度、高度和后躯的提高更为显著;适应性与草原红牛无差别;其产肉性能和产奶性能比草原红牛亦有明显提高。     

康县太平鸡早期生长曲线拟合及体重与体尺相关性分析

为研究太平鸡早期生长发育规律,提高品种选育效果,采用Logistic、Von Bertalanffy、Gompertz三种非线性生长模型对其体重进行拟合,并对13周龄的体重与体尺进行相关性分析。结果表明：Gompertz模型对太平鸡0～15周龄体重的拟合效果最佳,拟合所得的太平公、母鸡的拐点周龄分别为7.08周、6.84周,拐点体重分别为572.24 g、482.74 g,成熟体重分别为1 555.34 g、1 312.09 g;13周龄太平鸡体重与体尺之间存在不同程度的相关性,公鸡的体重与体斜长、龙骨长、胫长、胫围、骨盆宽呈极显著正相关（P<0.01）;母鸡的体重与龙骨长、胫长、胫围、胸围、骨盆宽呈极显著正相关（P<0.01）。     

Empirical Percentile Growth Curves with Z-scores Considering Seasonal Compensatory Growths for Japanese Thoroughbred Horses

Percentile growth curves are often used as a clinical indicator to evaluate variations of children’s growth status. In this study, we propose empirical percentile growth curves using Z-scores adapted for Japanese Thoroughbred horses, with considerations of the seasonal compensatory growth that is a typical characteristic of seasonal breeding animals. We previously developed new growth curve equations for Japanese Thoroughbreds adjusting for compensatory growth. Individual horses and residual effects were included as random effects in the growth curve equation model and their variance components were estimated. Based on the Z-scores of the estimated variance components, empirical percentile growth curves were constructed. A total of 5,594 and 5,680 body weight and age measurements of male and female Thoroughbreds, respectively, and 3,770 withers height and age measurements were used in the analyses. The developed empirical percentile growth curves using Z-scores are computationally feasible and useful for monitoring individual growth parameters of body weight and withers height of young Thoroughbred horses, especially during compensatory growth periods.