中小果型无籽西瓜新品种博帅的选育

博帅系湖南博达隆科技发展有限公司以9048为母本、M-2为父本杂交育成的中小果型黄瓤无籽西瓜新品种。该品种全生育期90d左右,雌花开放至果实成熟约需27d。植株生长势中强,抗病抗逆性强。果实短椭圆形,果形指数1.2。果皮浅绿底覆绿色齿条带,厚度0.9cm,硬韧,耐贮运。瓤色鲜黄,质脆爽口,纤维少,无籽性能好;中心可溶性固形物12%～13%,边部9%～9.5%。单果质量4kg左右,667m2产量2700kg左右。适应性广,全国各地均可栽培。2009年3月通过湖南省农作物品种审定委员会审定,审定编号:湘审西瓜2009002。     

Distribution and spawning dynamics of capelin (Mallotus villosus) in Glacier Bay, Alaska: a cold water refugium

Pacific capelin (Mallotus villosus) populations declined dramatically in the Northeastern Pacific following ocean warming after the regime shift of 1977, but little is known about the cause of the decline or the functional relationships between capelin and their environment. We assessed the distribution and abundance of spawning, non‐spawning adult and larval capelin in Glacier Bay, an estuarine fjord system in southeastern Alaska. We used principal components analysis to analyze midwater trawl and beach seine data collected between 1999 and 2004 with respect to oceanographic data and other measures of physical habitat including proximity to tidewater glaciers and potential spawning habitat. Both spawning and non‐spawning adult Pacific capelin were more likely to occur in areas closest to tidewater glaciers, and those areas were distinguished by lower temperature, higher turbidity, higher dissolved oxygen and lower chlorophyll a levels when compared with other areas of the bay. The distribution of larval Pacific capelin was not sensitive to glacial influence. Pre‐spawning females collected farther from tidewater glaciers were at a lower maturity state than those sampled closer to tidewater glaciers, and the geographic variation in the onset of spawning is likely the result of differences in the marine habitat among sub‐areas of Glacier Bay. Proximity to cold water in Glacier Bay may have provided a refuge for capelin during the recent warm years in the Gulf of Alaska.     

Reproductive season and female maturity size of coconut crab <Emphasis Type="Italic">Birgus latro</Emphasis> on Hatoma Island,southern Japan

Information about reproductive season, size at sexual maturity and size-dependent reproductive potentials is important for efficient resource management. Such information is necessary to determine seasonal closures and minimum legal size limits. To conserve resources of coconut crab Birgus latro, which are in danger of extinction due to excessive exploitation, their reproductive season, female size at functional maturity and relationship between female size and reproductive potentials were investigated. The reproductive season started in early June and ended late August, and females with higher reproductive potentials showed a tendency to spawn early in the reproductive season. The prohibition of exploiting the resources during the reproductive season, especially early in the season, would be appropriate for sustainability of high reproductive outputs. Fifty percent of investigated females matured functionally at 24.5-mm thoracic length (TL). However, the size at which all females reached functional maturity was 32.3 mm TL, and there was a wide variation in the size of functional maturity among individuals. We must determine minimum legal size by taking the variation into account to allow all individuals to mate at least once before they are caught, which may prevent serious depression in reproductive rate and genetic diversity.     

梨新品种--华酥

‘华酥’为‘早酥’ב八云’种间杂交育成的早熟优质高产抗病梨新品种。果实成熟比早酥早 10～ 15d。果实圆形 ,单果质量 2 0 0～ 2 50g ,果皮黄绿色 ,果肉质细 ,酥脆多汁 ,酸甜适口 ,风味浓并具芳香 ,品质佳。早果高产 ,7年生树产量为 4 2 .5t/hm2 。高抗黑星病。     

采收成熟度对烟叶烤后质量的影响

为明确密集烘烤条件下浓香型烤烟各部位烟叶成熟采收标准,通过对‘粤烟98’品种烟叶外观特性、化学成分感官质量评价,探究其在不同采收成熟度对烟叶品质的影响。结果表明:在韶关烟区烤烟烟叶以下、中、上部达到适熟期采收最佳,烤后烟叶橘黄烟比例增加,色泽光亮、色度强及油分好,各部位烟叶化学成分糖碱比和氮碱比协调性相对较好,香气质好量足,在一定程度上彰显了烟叶浓香型特征。     

羔羊期和性成熟期奶山羊下丘脑中催产素的表达

采用免疫组化链霉素抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶法(SP法),检测羔羊期和性成熟期雌性奶山羊下丘脑中催产素表达的变化规律.结果显示,催产素免疫反应阳性神经元在羔羊和性成熟羊的视上核、室旁核、乳头体内侧核等核团均有分布,在羔羊的室周核、视前内侧核等核团广泛分布,但在性成熟羊的这些核团却未见分布.在视上核、室旁核、乳头体内侧核等核团的催产素免疫阳性神经元数量,性成熟羊显著高于羔羊(P＜0.01);这些核团中催产素免疫阳性产物的平均灰度值,羔羊显著低于性成熟羊(P＜0.01),在其他核团则羔羊高于性成熟羊,且大部分差异明显(P＜0.01).结果提示,性成熟羊下丘脑中除室周核、视前内侧核等核团外,室旁核、视上核、乳头体内侧核、乳头体后核等核团,催产素的表达高于羔羊,说明这些核团对生殖系统的发育成熟可能有重要作用.     

早显性水稻三系不育系乐3A的选育

乐3A是用IR超级稻与金23B杂交F3代的优良单株与矮败型不育系协青早A测交,并经多代回交转育而成的籼稻三系不育系.该不育系配合力强,异交习性好,且具有早熟不完全显性的特点.配制的杂交组合优质,早熟,抗倒性强.2012年8月,该不育系通过了四川省农作物品种审定委员会技术鉴定,所配组合乐3优727、乐3优2275于201...     

茄子主要早熟相关性状研究

生产实践中评价茄子早熟性的主要指标是前期产量。为探究茄子早熟相关性状,进而辅助早熟育种,2012—2014年对总计138个紫圆茄杂交组合的主要农艺性状进行相关分析,并于2013、2014年对主要前期产量相关性状进行通径分析。3年相关分析结果显示,单株结果数和单果重与单株前期产量极显著相关,而始花节位与单株前期产量的相关性表现没有规律性,存在极限效应。2014年单株结果数和单果重对单株前期产量的直接通径系数分别为1.2073和0.7935,说明对单株前期产量有显著正向效应。因此选育早熟茄子品种首要的是提高单株结果数,在保证品质的同时选择大果且肉质紧密类型,不要过分依赖始花节位。     

成熟期库尔勒香梨理化指标变化规律及相关性研究

为了研究库尔勒香梨成熟过程中理化指标的变化规律,探求成熟期库尔勒香梨主要理化指标间的相关性,以成熟期库尔勒香梨为研究对象,研究库尔勒香梨果实硬度、叶绿素含量、SSC(可溶性固形物含量)和维生素C含量的变化规律;采用相关分析和回归分析的方法,应用Spss软件和Excel软件对指标均值以及各指标间相关性进行了分析,并对试验结果进行了实验验证。研究结果表明:在成熟期内,库尔勒香梨果实理化参数变化范围分别为:硬度4.23~7.99 kg/cm2、叶绿素3.17~6.54 mg/100 g、SSC11.54%~15.41%、维生素C 1.9~4.2 mg/1 0 0 g;随着成熟的深入,果实硬度逐渐降低、叶绿素含量逐渐减少、SSC逐渐增加、维生素C含量逐渐增加;各指标均值在0.01水平上显著相关。回归分析过程中选取最优的拟合方式,并建立相应的数学模型,果实硬度和SSC与叶绿素含量和维生素C含量间决定系数均大于0.95,验证试验预测值与测量值误差小于3.2 1%,在库尔勒香梨成熟过程中可应用果实硬度和SSC对叶绿素和维生素C含量进行预测。研究结果能够为库尔勒香梨成熟度评价和分级提供参考。     

猪粪好氧堆肥条件的研究

本试验研究了在不同的调理剂、通气方式、碳氮比和添加剂等条件下猪粪堆肥的腐熟进程。结果表明：稻草比稻壳更有利于猪粪的堆肥腐熟；机械通风同人工翻堆相比，各项指标无显著差异(P＜0.05)，而堆制结束后物理性状要比人工翻堆试验组差；高C/N有利于堆肥的升温及腐殖化过程，对堆肥进程无影响，但稻草加入量大会增加堆肥的成本；除臭剂及菌剂的加入对堆肥的大多数化学性状影响不大，但可明显改善堆肥腐熟后的物理性状并减少臭味。除稻壳试验组外，其它各组在第五周即可达到腐熟的要求。