落叶松人工林生态场中单株营养效力的分布

通过落叶松人工林单株土壤中营养元素分布的测定，指出了落叶松人工林生态场中，影响干涉势的营养效力因子的作用，同时发现这种分与地下生物量的分布是一致的。     

Therapeutic antibodies: their mechanisms of action and the pathological findings they induce in toxicity studies

Antibodies can swiftly provide therapeutics to target disease-related molecules discovered in genomic research. Antibody engineering techniques have been actively developed and these technological innovations have intensified the development of therapeutic antibodies. From the mid-1990’s, a series of therapeutic antibodies were launched that are now being used in clinic. The disease areas that therapeutic antibodies can target have subsequently expanded, and antibodies are currently utilized as pharmaceuticals for cancer, inflammatory disease, organ transplantation, cardiovascular disease, infection, respiratory disease, ophthalmologic disease, and so on. This paper briefly describes the modes of action of therapeutic antibodies. Several non-clinical study results of the pathological changes induced by therapeutic antibodies are also presented to aid the future assessment of the toxic potential of an antibody developed as a therapeutic.     

普拉提对女大学生健身功效的实验研究

探讨普拉提练习对女大学生的健身功效及机制,研究样本为在校大二女学生40名(年龄为21. 12士1. 08),其中对照组(v=20)进行太极养生课程练习,而实验组(a=20)则进行为期14周的普拉提垫上课程教学,通过对试验对象的身体素质及身体形态等指标试验前后比较分析。主要结论:1)普拉提对女大学生的形态具有良好的减脂塑型效果,尤其是腰腹部,其次是臀部和大腿。2)普拉提对女大学生的各项身体素质产生不同影响,其中腹背部肌肉力量和耐力以及身体柔韧度提高非常明显,同时灵敏性和协调能力也有发展。     

刘歆的《周礼》学及其在两汉之际的传承谱系

两汉之际是《周礼》学的奠基和发轫时期。刘歆是《周礼》学的奠基人和开拓者。约略说来刘歆对《周礼》学发展所做的贡献,主要有如下三端：首先,刘歆在与其父刘向受诏校理秘府图书时,不仅将《周官》（《周礼》）这部几乎不为世人所知的典籍著录于《七略》之中,而且还“独识”《周礼》的价值,顶住各方面的压力,不遗余力地向学术界推介这部在秘府之中新发现的典籍。其次,《周礼》一书于王莽当政时被立于学官、设博士主要应归功于刘歆的推动。复次,刘歆不仅研治《周礼》,撰著《周官传》四篇,而且还广收门徒,传授《周礼》之学。两汉之际著名经学家杜子春、郑兴、贾徽、郑众、贾逵及卫宏等人都曾直接或间接地师从刘歆学习过《周礼》。他们或是刘歆的弟子,或是刘歆的再传弟子,都出于刘歆的《周礼》学传承谱系。他们在《周礼》研究领域都做出了重要贡献,从而使《周礼》学逐步发扬光大。     

Environmental effects on soil NO concentrations and root N uptake in beech and spruce forests

This study aimed to investigate the shifts in net nitrogen (N) uptake and N compounds of fine roots over the vegetation period (i.e., spring, summer, autumn) and correlate this with NO concentration in the soil. Soil NO concentration was measured using gas lysimeters for collection and a chemiluminescence analyzer for quantification. Net N uptake by the roots was determined using the ¹⁵N enrichment technique. N pools were quantified using spectrophotometric techniques. Soil NO concentrations at beech and spruce forest sites were highest in spring (June), and lowest in winter (December). Total N of the roots was similar during the seasons and between the two years under study despite considerable variation of different N compounds. Net N uptake generally increased with higher N supply. Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between soil NO concentration and net N uptake only for spruce trees. This relationship seemed to be modulated by environmental factors and tree species.     

棉田反枝苋和马齿苋对草甘膦的抗药性

为明确棉田反枝苋和马齿苋对草甘膦的抗性水平,采用培养皿种子法和整株检测法分别测定了7个省18个采样点反枝苋、马齿苋的抗性水平,并采用紫外分光光度计测定采样点反枝苋、马齿苋体内莽草酸含量变化的差异。结果表明:采样点地区的反枝苋和马齿苋对草甘膦存在不同程度的抗药性,2种监测法的抗性趋势基本一致,其中陕西西安采样点的反枝苋和新疆疏勒采样点的马齿苋处于敏感水平,河北曲周采样点的反枝苋抗性倍数最高。植物体内莽草酸积累变化与植物抗性水平相关,抗性较低的植物体内莽草酸积累量普遍高于抗性较高的植物。     

15%炔草酯WP防除小麦田杂草及安全性研究

[目的]明确15%炔草酯WP对小麦田杂草的防除效果和安全性。[方法]以15%炔草酯WP 180、240、300、450 g/hm2用量喷雾,以6.9%骠耙EW 105 ml/hm2为对照,以清水喷雾为空白对照,药后153、0 d调查杂草数计算防效,并观察药害情况。[结果]15%炔草酯WP对小麦田看麦娘具有很好的防效,对小麦生长发育无明显影响。[结论]15%炔草酯WP是防除小麦田看麦娘杂草的一种无公害农药,可以在生产上推广使用。     

双季稻田马铃薯不同覆盖栽培对土壤酶活性的影响

为探讨双季稻区春马铃薯不同覆盖模式下稻田土壤酶活性的变化情况, 在大田条件下, 以露地处理为对照, 设置稻草、无纺布、稻草+无纺布、黑膜、稻草+黑膜5 种覆盖处理。结果表明: 地表覆盖显著影响土壤酶活性。其中, 稻草覆盖显著(P<0.05)提高碱性磷酸酶、芳基硫酸酯酶和脱氢酶酶活性, 分别较对照提高17.55%、24.77%和87.2%; 稻草+无纺布覆盖显著(P<0.05)提高芳基酰胺酶和脱氢酶活性, 分别较对照提高8.03%和71.05%; 黑膜覆盖显著(P<0.05)提高β-葡萄糖苷酶、碱性磷酸酶、芳基硫酸酯酶和脱氢酶活性, 分别较对照提高23.44%、22.70%、37.43%和146.30%; 稻草+黑膜覆盖显著(P<0.05)提高β-葡萄糖苷酶、芳基酰胺酶、碱性磷酸酶、芳基硫酸酯酶和脱氢酶活性, 分别较对照提高34.76%、19.31%、19.03%、51.98%和125.62%。由此得出, 覆盖稻草并加盖黑膜可显著提高与土壤养分循环有关的主要土壤酶活性, 利于提高土壤质量。     

稻草还田模式对稻田土壤速效氮、钾含量及晚稻生长的影响

设计了高桩翻耕抛栽、覆盖免耕抛栽和高桩免耕抛栽3种模式的田间小区试验。结果表明, 不同稻草还田模式对土壤NH₄⁺-N含量影响较大, 对土壤速效钾含量和土壤NO₃^--N含量影响不大; 高桩翻耕模式的土壤NH₄⁺-N、速效钾含量平均值比高桩免耕和覆盖免耕模式分别提高40.8%、7.5%和36.7%、2.0%; 高桩翻耕能促进水稻群体生长, 增加叶片叶绿素含量, 充分利用光能, 增强光合作用; 稻草还田以高桩翻耕模式的增产效果最好, 比高桩免耕、覆盖免耕分别增产5.8%和9.0%。以高桩翻耕稻草还田模式对土壤速效氮、钾含量及晚稻产量的影响最好。     

播种期对杂交稻种子纯度海南种植鉴定结果的影响

通过比较不同播种时期杂交水稻种子样品在海南种植鉴定的农艺性状表现,发现播始历期、株高、结实率等主要性状均表现出不同程度的变化,且部分组合与其亲本的变化幅度不同,从而影响鉴定的准确性。根据品种特性,确定最佳播种时期,并采用合理的栽培与管理技术,是提高杂交水稻种子纯度种植鉴定结果准确性的关键。