Research on Development of Agricultural Geographic Information Ontology

This paper first analyzes the reason that agricultural geographic information gives rise to semantic heterogeneity and solution thereof.Although OWL (web ontology language) is the standard of ontology ...     

瓯江彩鲤体色调控相关因子MC1R的克隆与表达分析

黑素皮质素1受体(melanocortin 1 receptor,MCIR)是动物黑色素合成通路中的关键基因之一,对动物的体色和毛色有重要影响.瓯江彩鲤(Cyprinus carpio var.color)具有5种基本体色类型(“全红”、“粉玉”、“大花”、“粉花”和“麻花”),其中后3种带有黑色斑点或斑块,是研究动物黑色素合成机制的良好材料之一.克隆了瓯江彩鲤的MC1R基因,并进行了“全红”、“大花”、“粉玉”、“粉花”4种体色间的表达差异分析.研究发现,瓯江彩鲤的MC1R基因的全长cDNA序列为1 914 bp,包括637 bp 5’-UTR(非转录区)、311 bp3’-UTR及966 bp ORF(开放阅读框).该基因由一个外显子编码(321个氨基酸),有7个跨膜结构域.瓯江彩鲤与鲫的编码区核苷酸同源性达98％,与斑马鱼达93％;不同体色间的编码区只存在一个核苷酸无义突变(C/G),因而氨基酸序列完全相同.qRT-PCR表明,MC1R基因在眼睛的表达量显著高于皮肤、肌肉、鳃、肾脏、鳔、心、肝等组织(P＜0.05);但在4种体色间不存在显著的表达差异(P＞0.05).研究结果表明:瓯江彩鲤体色类型中的黑色斑块不是由MC1基因直接决定,还有待对其它体色相关基因或调控因子的研究.研究亮点:对在黑色素合成通路中起着类似“开关”作用的MC1R基因进行了克隆、序列分析和瓯江彩鲤体色间的表达差异分析,排除了MC1R基因与瓯江彩鲤黑色斑纹的直接相关性,为鱼类体色变异相关基因研究积累了有益资料.     

基于多分类有序Logit模型的农户信用等级影响因素

针对农村金融机构内部农户信用评级问题,依据西部农村小额信贷农户的调查数据,采用多分类有序Logit模型对农户信用等级影响因素进行实证研究.结果表明:耕地面积、家用电器价值、家庭年总收入、贷款利率、地区经济水平、机构服务满意度对农户信用等级有显著影响;年龄、劳动力人数、教育水平、专业技能、职业、房屋价值、贷款金额、贷款期限、贷款用途、信誉状况对农户信用等级的影响不显著;显著因素的内部次序对农户信用等级的影响表现出明显的差异性.建议小额信贷机构对农户信用等级评定时应侧重以上显著影响因素,并考虑其内部次序所带来的差异,从而建立更加完善的针对不同等级农户的信用评级制度.     

日粮阴阳离子差对泌乳前期热应激奶牛血液酸碱平衡和生产性能的影响

研究日粮阴阳离子差对泌乳前期热应激奶牛血液酸碱平衡和生产性能的影响,选用36头热应激条件下泌乳前期荷斯坦奶牛,采用完全随机试验设计(n=12),以不同日粮阴阳离子差[DCAD;(Na K )-(Cl- S2-)mEq/kgDM]为试验处理,即对照组(DCAD为 130.49 mEq/kg DM),试验Ⅰ组(DCAD为 251.54 mEq/kg DM)和试验Ⅱ组(DCAD为 383.87 mEq/kg DM),试验期42 d。结果表明:(1)提高日粮DCAD可明显增强奶牛血液的缓冲能力和运氧能力。血液pH和碱超值随着日粮DCAD的升高而上升(P<0.05),DCAD对其他血气指标的影响不明显,其中二氧化碳总量、二氧化碳分压、实际碳酸氢盐、氧饱和度均逐渐增加(P>0.05),而氧分压则呈峰形变化(P>0.05);(2)DCAD对奶牛血清尿素氮、总蛋白、白蛋白的影响均达到了极显著水平(P<0.01),肌酸磷酸激酶变化明显(P<0.05),血糖含量直线上升(P>0.05);(3)适当提高日粮DCAD可显著提高奶牛的生产性能。试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的4%标准乳较对照组分别提高了11.0%和5.1%(P<0.05),而乳脂率明显降低(P<0.05),乳蛋白率(P<0.05)和乳糖含量(P>0.05)随日粮DCAD的升高而增加。综合以上各项指标考虑,建议以试验Ⅰ组(DCAD为 251.54 mEq/kg DM)作为泌乳早期奶牛的DCAD日粮。     

苗期快速分选水稻人工无融合生殖克隆种子

【目的】人工无融合生殖系统的建立为水稻杂种优势固定提供了途径。当前人工无融合生殖系统在产生克隆种子的同时会伴随大量的四倍体种子,有必要开发简易高效的分选克隆种子方法。【方法】通过不同温度、盐浓度处理春优84和MiMe（同时突变PAIR1、REC8和OSD1获得的可将减数分裂转化成有丝分裂的材料）种子萌发的幼苗,观察它们形态学上的差异,确定最佳筛选条件。在最佳条件下,处理Fix材料（通过基因编辑技术同时突变PAIR1、REC8、OSD1和MTL基因获得的可固定杂种优势的材料）种子萌发的幼苗,根据形态差异分选克隆种子。利用流式细胞术确定分选的效率。【结果】无融合生殖材料Fix产生4.4%的克隆种子和95.6%的四倍体材料;而MiMe材料的后代全是四倍体。利用滤网在23℃、28℃和32℃水温条件下萌发春优84和MiMe种子48h,Mi Me材料的初生根直径在3种温度处理下均显著大于春优84,以28℃处理最优。在28℃水温条件下,利用0%、0.05%、0.1%、0.2%和0.5%NaCl溶液培养春优84和MiMe种子7 d,Mi Me材料的根长、苗长与春优84无显著性差异,但春优84材料第1片...     

ASTER遥感数据在矿区生态损害现状监测中的应用

德兴铜矿矿山多年开采对矿区生态环境造成极大的损害,为维护矿区可持续发展,生态损害现状调查尤为重要。利用ASTER数据结合野外实测各类地物反射光谱曲线,利用矿物指数提取矿区重金属和粘土污染;采用差值法提取水体污染状况;采用NDVI彩色密度分割法提取矿区植被污染信息。研究表明,铜矿区生态损害现状甚为严重,利用遥感手段监测矿区生态环境是完全可行的。这为矿区土地复垦与生态修复提供了技术支持和决策依据。     

一类半线性变系数抛物型方程的二阶差分格式

本文对一类半线性变系数抛物型方程初边值问题建立了一个二阶差分格式,证明了差分格式解的存在唯一性、关于初值的无条件稳定性和在L∞范数下阶数为O(2τ+h2)的收敛性,最后给出的数值算例验证了理论结果。     

大中型轴流式潜水电泵开发应用的若干问题探讨

介绍了大中型轴流潜水泵的基本结构、特点。对该型泵的设计、安装、运行等问题进行了讨论，论述了用该型泵替代目前应用的轴流泵具有的各种优越性。     

Breed risk of pyometra in insured dogs in Sweden

An animal insurance database containing data on over 200,000 dogs was used to study the occurrence of pyometra with respect to breed and age during 1995 and 1996 in Swedish bitches <10 years of age. A total of 1,803 females in 1995 and 1,754 females in 1996 had claims submitted because of pyometra. Thirty breeds with at least 800 bitches insured each year were studied using univariate and multivariate methods. The crude 12-month risk of pyometra for females <10 years of age was 2.0% (95% confidence interval = 1.9-2.1%) in 1995 and 1.9% (1.8-2.0%) in 1996. The occurrence of pyometra differed with age, breed, and geographic location. The risk of developing pyometra was increased (identified using multivariate models) in rough Collies, Rottweilers, Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, Golden Retrievers, Bernese Mountain Dogs, and English Cocker Spaniels compared with baseline (all other breeds, including mixed breed dogs). Breeds with a low risk of developing the disease were Drevers, German Shepherd Dogs, Miniature Dachshunds, Dachshunds (normal size), and Swedish Hounds. Survival rates indicate that on average 23-24% of the bitches in the databases will have experienced pyometra by 10 years of age. In the studied breeds, this proportion ranged between 10 and 54%. Pyometra is a clinically relevant problem in intact bitches, and differences related to breed and age should be taken into account in studies of this disease.     

CONTRAST-ENHANCED ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN NORMAL CANINE LIVER. EVALUATION OF IMAGING AND SAFETY PARAMETERS

Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography, a new imaging modality in veterinary medicine, can provide data on tissue perfusion. The objective of this study was to use the ultrasonographic contrast agent SonoVue to evaluate various transit time indices in the normal canine liver, to examine the effect of anesthesia on these parameters, and to evaluate the safety of this agent in dogs. The liver of 11 healthy dogs was studied by ultrasound during an intravenous bolus injection of SonoVue. Each dog underwent the examination twice, first with and later without the use of anesthesia. A time-intensity curve was generated from a selected region of interest within the liver from each scanning session. Ratios derived from peak enhancement, time to peak enhancement, up-slope and full-width half-maximum (FWHM) of the curve were calculated from the time-intensity curves, and are reported. There were no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) in peak enhancement, up-slope and FWHM between dogs that were anesthetized and dogs that were not. Time to peak enhancement, however, was significantly shorter when the dogs were anesthetized than when they were nonanesthetized (P < 0.05). There were no biologically significant changes in clinical laboratory findings. This study indicates that contrast-enhanced ultrasound using SonoVue gives reproducible liver perfusion data, and appears to be a safe and well-tolerated agent for use in dogs. When considering normal values, the use of anesthetic drugs has to be considered.