Comparison of emission estimates for non‐CO2 greenhouse gases from livestock and poultry in Korea from 1990 to 2010

It has often been claimed that non‐carbon dioxide greenhouse gases (NCGGs), such as methane, nitrous oxide and fluorinated greenhouse gases, are significant contributors to climate change. Here we nvestigate emission estimates of methane and nitrous oxide from livestock and poultry production, which is recognized as a major source of those NCGGs, in Korea over the period of 1990 through 2010. Based on the data on livestock and poultry populations, emission estimates of methane and nitrous oxide are first derived based on the Tier 1 approach. Then, the Tier 2 approach is adopted to obtain emission estimates of methane and nitrous oxide from cattle, which are known to be the largest sources of these NCGGs and account for about 70% of emissions from livestock and poultry in Korea. The result indicates that the Tier 2 estimates of methane and nitrous oxide emissions from enteric fermentation and manure management are significantly different from the Tier 1 estimates over the analysis period.     

A dynamic, optimal disease control model for foot-and-mouth disease: I. Model description

A dynamic optimization model was developed and used to evaluate alternative foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) control strategies. The model chose daily control strategies of depopulation and vaccination that minimized total regional cost for the entire epidemic duration, given disease dynamics and resource constraints. The disease dynamics and the impacts of control strategies on these dynamics were characterized in a set of difference equations; effects of movement restrictions on the disease dynamics were also considered. The model was applied to a three-county region in the Central Valley of California; the epidemic relationships were parameterized and validated using the information obtained from an FMD simulation model developed for the same region. The optimization model enables more efficient searches for desirable control strategies by considering all strategies simultaneously, providing the simulation model with optimization results to direct it in generating detailed predictions of potential FMD outbreaks.     

Development of House Architectural Area Computing and Plotting System

The exact computing of house architectural area and apportionment of area is strongly related to the actual interests of people. If it is done manually,there are many problem such as longer time spending, more workload, requiring detailed verification, nonstandard calculating report. Using ActiveX automation and ADO techniques, the house architectural area computing and plotting system was developed under Autocad R14 environment with VB 6.0 and Access database in order to solve above problem. The developed system can automatically compute house architectural area and apportionment of area for each floor of each building and can print the related data report and drawing. The system works well in many departments of house measurement. Several key technical problem of the system are discussed.     

燃煤热风炉解决北方温室供暖问题的研究

随着"菜篮子"工程的实施,温室和蔬菜大棚得到了广泛应用,它对改善人民生活,解决北方冬季吃青菜难问题,繁荣农村经济发展发挥着重要的作用.但是,在北方大部分地区,冬春两季气温低,如果无强制供暖设备,就无法进行农业生产.因此,为保证北方地区冬季新鲜蔬菜的供应,温室和大棚内供暖设备的研究一直是一项重要的研究内容.为此,根据我国的能源状况、环境保护要求以及温室农作物的特点,对燃煤热风炉在温室蔬菜生产供暖系统中的应用进行了系统阐述.     

我国畜禽舍机械式降温系统的研究与发展现状

论述了我国畜禽舍机械式降温系统的研究与应用现状;比较分析了各种降温系统的优缺点与应用条件;考虑到设备投资与应用成本,认为采用正压送风的湿帘冷风机具有较大的应用潜力,集中式雾化降温系统和喷雾冷风机具有一定的优势;同时,指出了喷雾降温系统的研究重点是开发低成本的设备和完善适用于低压喷雾的集中式雾化降温系统的水雾分离装置.     

浙江省海宁市同仁养殖场沼气发电综合利用工程及效益分析

养殖业的污染已经成为制约规模化养殖业可持续发展的重要因素。浙江省海宁市同仁养殖园沼气发电综合利用工程,日处理养殖污水60余t,年处理量达2.37×104t,可每年节省开支1.9万元。日产沼气500 m3,用于发电,年可发电32万度,每年可创收12.8万元。太阳能集热装置100.8 m2,每年可节省开支1.26万元。年产有机肥480 t,每年仅有机肥一项的收入就可达到28.8万元。沼液经管道输送,作为附近10 hm2示范桑园及13.3 hm2稻田有机肥,又可为农民节约2.8万元。沼液、沼渣等的使用可提高土壤有机质含量,改良土壤,有利于土地资源的可持续利用。     

家畜排泄物综合处理工艺的研究

对我国广大农村家畜排泄物常规处理存在的利弊进行了调查研究,最终揭示出厌氧发酵制沼气、好氧发酵制复混肥的一套符合我国可持续发展、创建和谐社会、节约型社会的家畜粪便处理的科学、实用方法。     

无公害畜禽产品发展分析与对策

分析了我国畜禽产品的现状、存在的问题以及解决问题的对策与方法，指出了大力推进无公害畜产品发展是21世纪畜牧业发展方向。     

RFID技术在畜产品追踪中的应用

为使射频识别(RFID)技术在畜产品追踪中得到更好的应用,从RFID技术及应用原理构想了采用RFID技术对畜产品进行追踪的安全监控平台。