ADAMTS17 mutation associated with primary lens luxation is widespread among breeds

Primary lens luxation (PLL) is a well-recognized, painful and potentially blinding inherited ocular condition in dogs. We screened PLL-affected dogs of 30 different breeds, to identify those which carried a previously described c.1473+1 G>A mutation in ADAMTS17 that is associated with PLL in Miniature Bull terriers, Lancashire Heelers, and Jack Russell terriers. This ADAMTS17 mutation was identified in PLL-affected dogs from 14 additional breeds. PLL-affected dogs from some breeds (most notably the Shar pei and the Brittany spaniel) did not carry the G1473+1A ADAMTS17 mutation, indicating they must suffer from a genetically distinct form of the condition. We also estimated the frequency of this ADAMTS17 mutation in some of the breeds. Our findings indicate the mutation segregates in a large number of different breeds of dog, many of which are terriers or breeds with terrier co-ancestry, but some of which have more diverse origins. Our results also indicate that the mutation is present at high frequency within most of the breeds in which it segregates. In the miniature bull terrier breed estimates of mutation frequency ranged from 0.27 to 0.39, corresponding to 7.3-15.2% PLL-affected dogs in this breed. We also identified an increased risk of PLL associated with heterozygosity at ADAMTS17, suggesting that carriers carry a low risk of developing PLL.     

和田市1961-2009年太阳总辐射的变化特征

应用和田市国家基准气象站1961-2009年逐月太阳总辐射资料,采用线性倾向估计、Morlet连续小波、滑动t检验法分析了49a来和田市太阳总辐射的趋势变化、周期及突变特征,结果表明：年太阳总辐射呈显著的减少趋势,减少率达96.8MJ/m2.10a,夏、秋、冬三季亦呈显著减少变化趋势;60年代平均辐射最多且明显偏多、8...     

苏云金芽胞杆菌Cry1Ba3 蛋白定点突变对杀小菜蛾活性的影响

Cry1Ba3是由本实验室发掘的对小菜蛾有高毒力的杀虫晶体蛋白。为了寻找对杀虫活性有重要影响的氨基酸,为杀虫机理研究和改造杀虫蛋白提供理论依据,本研究利用Ple Bio Informatique Lyonnais数据库对Cry1Ba3的二级结构进行模拟;采用BioEdit软件分析Cry1Ba3的疏水区;将Cry1Ba3与Cry1Aa1、Cry2Aa1、Cry3Aa1以及Cry4Ba1进行多序列比对,从而确定了20个氨基酸突变位点。利用半重叠引物PCR的方法对Cry1Ba3进行定点突变,将突变体在大肠杆菌BL21中进行诱导表达。通过浸叶法对各个突变蛋白杀小菜蛾的生物活性进行测定。获得的20个Cry1Ba3突变体均能在大肠杆菌BL21中表达,并以包涵体形式存在。杀虫活性测定结果表明M6(R192L)、M10(W303A)、M19(H485G)对小菜蛾的活性明显降低,二级结构预测表明活性降低的突变蛋白的构象均发生明显变化,其余17种突变蛋白的活性和二级结构都没有明显变化。说明第192位的精氨酸、第303位的色氨酸和第485位的组氨酸对Cry1Ba3的杀小菜蛾活性有重要影响,上述3个位点氨基酸突变引起的蛋白活性减低可能与毒素的空间结构变化有关。     

Low pesticide rates may hasten the evolution of resistance by increasing mutation frequencies

At very low pesticide rates, a certain low proportion of pests may receive a sublethal dose, are highly stressed by the pesticide and yet survive. Stress is a general enhancer of mutation rates. Thus, the survivors are likely to have more than normal mutations, which might include mutations leading to pesticide resistance, both for multifactorial (polygenic, gene amplification, sequential allelic mutations) and for major gene resistance. Management strategies should consider how to eliminate the subpopulation of pests with the high mutation rates, but the best strategy is probably to avoid too low application rates of pesticides from the outset.     

辐射诱变培育玉米自交系辐746及其应用

内容用60Coγ射线105Gy剂量照射杂交组合铁13×C103 F1干种子,用系谱法选育出配合力高、抗病性强、早熟质佳的玉米自交系辐746。用辐746作亲本育成龙辐玉1号、龙辐玉2号、龙高1号、龙单16等玉米杂交种,辐746玉米自交系在黑龙江省玉米育种中具有一定的应用价值。     

离子注入在生命科学中的应用研究

本文概述了近十几年来离子注入技术在机理研究、生物品种改良及介导外源基因转移等方面的研究进展     

水稻长穗颈光温敏核不育系培矮64eS(1)的选育

用直接诱变获得eui基因突变的技术路线 ,成功地将目前生产上应用面积最大的光温敏核不育系培矮 64S改造为长穗颈培矮 64eS( 1 )。培矮 64eS( 1 )从遗传上解除了包穗 ,提高了培矮 64eS( 1 )的异交潜势 ,保持原培矮 64S的优良特性 ,可望达到建立不用或少用赤霉素的两系稻种子生产技术体系。利用其组配的杂种具增产趋势。     

零磁空间诱发优质籼稻雄性不育系的选育

水稻新型不育系玉-08A是经零磁场空间处理后,经多年人工及试管离体授粉回交转育选育而成。生产试验结果表明,该不育系不育性稳定,不实率达100%,比珍汕97A产量增产58.1%;制种产量增产62.6%。杂交组合玉优一号比对照汕优63增产5%~8%,杂交稻米质经农业部稻米及制品质量监督检验测试中心检验的12项指标中,蛋白质、垩白度、透明度等9项指标达优质米一级标准,综合评价为优质二级米标准。     

白桦航天诱变育种研究初报

利用返回式卫星搭载白桦种子进行空间诱变处理,对航天搭载后4个家系白桦的种子活力及1年生白桦苗木分析表明,太空环境对苗高影响达到显著和极显著水平,处理后均表现矮化现象。对白桦种子活力、叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率、MDA含量和相对电导率的影响未达到显著水平,4个家系的SOD活性均低于对照,其它测定指标由于家系不同而发生不同的变异,总体表现为:航天搭载后对白桦种子活力有促进作用;苗木叶片叶绿素含量有降低的趋势;净光合速率略有提高;3个家系白桦叶片MDA含量和相对电导率比地面对照低。     

杂交水稻新组合五优航666的选育及其特征特性

将恢复系科恢752的空间诱变后代与恢复系R225杂交选育出强恢复系跃丰666,并与不育系五丰A配组而育成五优航666,该组合丰产性好、抗性强、米质优、适应性广。此外,还介绍了五优航666的选育过程、主要特征特性、栽培技术和制种要点。