苹果发酵液对缺铁苹果树叶片铁含量及光合特性的影响

【目的】探讨苹果发酵液对苹果幼树（红富士/平邑甜茶M.domestica cv. Red Fuji/M.hupehensis var.pingyiensis）叶片缺铁黄化的矫正作用。【方法】以两年生苹果幼树（红富士/平邑甜茶）为试材,研究苹果发酵液+FeSO4混合根施后对苹果幼树叶片叶绿素含量、活性铁含量、光合参数的影响。【结果】根施稀释300倍果实发酵液+FeSO4混合液,显著提高苹果幼树叶片的叶绿素含量、活性铁含量和干鲜重比,黄化叶片显著复绿;同时,叶片PSⅡ实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ)、气孔导度（Gs）和净光合速率(Pn)显著提高。【结论】苹果果实发酵液具有降低碱性土壤pH,并具有一定的螯合铁的能力,苹果发酵液+FeSO4混合根施有利于苹果幼树对铁的吸收、运输和利用,对苹果缺铁黄化症具有良好的矫治作用。     

5-氨基乙酰丙酸在动物铁代谢调控中的应用进展

随着动物饲养环境的变化和生产水平的提高,铁元素营养的重要性逐渐提高,铁代谢调控成为近年来关注点之一。本研究对动物生产中的铁营养现状、5-氨基乙酰丙酸(5-aminolevulinic acid,ALA)对铁代谢调控的机理及在动物饲料中的应用进展进行了综述。ALA的合成是动物体内生成血红素的限速反应。日粮补充ALA能增加血红素合成量,提高机体对铁元素的利用效率。这为动物铁代谢调控提供了一个新途径。     

Effects of dietary biotin supplement on growth,body composition,intestinal enzyme activities and microbiota of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian)

A total of 1400 juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) (7.72 ± 0.02 g) were fed seven purified diets containing 0.010 (basal diet), 0.028, 0.054, 0.151, 0.330, 1.540 and 2.680 mg biotin kg^?1 for 63 days to investigate the effects of biotin on growth, body composition, intestinal enzyme activities and microbiota. Specific growth rate (SGR), feed intake, feed efficiency and protein retention value were the highest when dietary biotin level was 0.151 mg kg^?1 diet. Crude protein, lipid and ash content of fish carcass improved with increasing dietary biotin levels up to 0.054, 0.151 and 0.028 mg kg^?1 diet, respectively (P < 0.05). Intestinal folds height, trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, amylase, alkaline phosphatase, Na⁺, K⁺‐ATPase, γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase and creatinekinase activities increased with dietary biotin levels up to 0.151–0.330 mg kg^?1 diet (P < 0.05). Intestinal Aeromonas and Escherichia coli significantly decreased with increasing dietary biotin up to 0.151 mg kg^?1 diet, while Lactobacillus and Bacillus significantly increased with dietary biotin levels up to 0.054 and 0.151 mg kg^?1 diet, respectively. In conclusion, biotin could improve digestive and absorptive ability of fish, and the dietary biotin requirement for SGR of juvenile Jian carp (7.72–32.67 g) was 0.15 mg kg^?1 diet.     

催化铁-生物耦合处理草甘膦废水生物出水的可行性研究

[目的]针对草甘膦生产过程中排出的废水有机物和有机磷浓度高、可生化性差,传统工艺难以达标的问题,进行催化铁还原技术的可行性研究,为现有处理工艺的改造提供参考。[方法]通过摇瓶试验和SBR持续试验,对催化铁还原技术和微生物处理过程耦合处理现有草甘膦废水生物出水COD和磷的去除效果进行研究。[结果]将催化铁还原技术与微生物处理过程耦合能够提高草甘膦农药废水的COD和TP去除效果;耦合的SBR系统在微氧条件下对原厌氧出水的COD和TP去除率分别稳定在80.0%和50.0%以上,正磷酸盐浓度在20.00 mg/L以下。[结论]催化铁-生物耦合为草甘膦废水的处理和改造提供了一种较好的处理方法。     

壮阳促孕散对雌性肾阳虚大鼠垂体-性腺轴分泌激素的影响

试验研究了中药壮阳促孕散对雌性肾阳虚大鼠垂体-性腺轴分泌激素的影响,初步探讨其作用机制.用氢化可的松造雌性大鼠肾阳虚模型,造模21d,从试验第八天开始,中药治疗组灌胃中药壮阳促孕散,阳性对照组灌胃金匮肾气丸,连续给药14d.放射免疫法测定血清中雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P)、黄体生成素(LH)和促卵泡激素(FSH).结果表...     

哺乳期锌缺乏对小鼠海马锌离子含量影响的研究

目的检测哺乳期母鼠锌缺乏对其仔鼠大脑海马内锌离子含量的影响.方法 CD-1母鼠产后即喂以缺锌饲料（锌含量为0.85μg/g）以及去离子水,它们未断乳的仔鼠即作为锌缺乏组模型,在小鼠生后7、14、21 d,应用金属自显影技术检测海马中游离锌离子含量变化.结果与对照组相比,锌缺乏组未断乳仔鼠海马中的锌离子含量明显减少.结论哺乳期母鼠锌缺乏会导致仔鼠海马中游离锌离子含量显著减少.     

鞍山市铁矿区复垦土壤重金属污染评价

在鞍山铁矿复垦区生态环境调查基础上,进行了土壤采样和测试,并选择镉、汞、铅、铜、铬和锌6项作为土壤重金属污染评价指标.鉴于土壤重金属污染评价指标的多样性和由单指标给出评价结果的不相客性,从物元分析和可拓集合的理论出发,建立了基于物元可拓法的土壤重金属污染评价模型,对鞍山铁矿复垦区土壤进行重金属污染评价.结果表明:铁矿区...     

菊芋苗期氮素营养缺乏症状及生理特性研究

本文研究了菊芋苗期缺氮的主要症状及生理特性.结果表明:处理前期就表现出明显缺素症状,表现为生长减缓,处理10d以后缺素症状由下部向上部开始出现,处理40d后生长几乎停止;可溶性蛋白含量先上升后降低,叶绿素含量先升高后下降,均高于对照,根系活力开始有明显上升,之后迅速下降.蛋白、根系活力在缺氮初期含量的上升认为与植物缺氮适应性调节有关.     

水稻微营养育种进展

微营养不良是全世界,特别是发展中国家最主要的营养问题之一。本文简述了稻米中微营养的含量及分布;采用提高绝对含量及增加其生物有效性两种策略,综述了开展富含微营养水稻育种的进展,包括富微营养水稻的常规育种、诱变育种及转基因育;指出水稻微营养育种的局限性及解决途径。     

Overexpression of the LASAP2 gene for secretory acid phosphatase in white lupin improves the phosphorus uptake and growth of tobacco plants

Secretion of acid phosphatase (APase) from the roots to take up phosphorus (P) is a well-known strategy of plants under P-deficient conditions. White lupin, which shows vigorous growth in low-P soils, is noted for its ability to secrete APase under P-deficient conditions. The APase secreted by white lupin roots is stable in soil solution and shows low substrate specificity, suggesting that genetic modification of plants using the APase gene LASAP2 might improve their ability to use organic P. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential of LASAP2 transgenic plants to increase organic P utilization. Dry matter production and P accumulation were higher in LASAP2 transgenic tobacco plants grown in gel media containing soluble phytate as the sole P source than in wild-type tobacco plants. Phosphorus uptake by the transgenic plants also increased in soil culture conditions. LASAP2 was apparently more effective in the liberation of organic P, including phytate, in the soil than the native tobacco APase. Thus, the enzymatic stability of LASAP2 in the soil appears to be an important factor for P acquisition.