青刺尖种籽油抗缺氧生理活性的研究

青刺尖（Prinsepia utilis Royle)为蔷薇科植物,主要分布在西南地区海拔2300m至3200m山区,其种籽可榨取食用油,味香,口感好,当地人自古有采种,榨油,食用和护发等的传统,研究表明,青刺尖种籽油灌胃小鼠30d,对实验小鼠的体重无显著影响。处理组与对照组比较,在常压抗氧试验,NaNO2中毒存活试验和急性脑缺血性氧试验中,其抗缺氧时间,存活时间有显著的差异,此表明青刺尖油具有提高小鼠缺氧耐力的作用。     

厚皮甜瓜不同品种低氧耐性鉴定

以12个厚皮甜瓜品种为材料,比较了它们低氧耐性的差异.结果表明,低氧胁迫对マリナ、西域一号、新蜜13号和春蕾等品种的植株高度、植株干重、根系干重、根系活力、叶绿素含量影响较大,低氧胁迫下的各项测定指标均显著低于正常供氧;而アンデス、幸运52号、网纹二号和シゲナス等品种在低氧胁迫下,植株生长受到的抑制相对较小,表现出较强的低氧耐性.     

低氧胁迫下鲢miR-17a-5p及其靶基因分析

为了探究miR-17a-5p在鲢低氧胁迫下的功能,在前期鲢small RNA测序的基础上对鲢miR-17a-5p进行靶基因预测及功能富集分析,通过双荧光素酶活性验证其与HIF-1α的靶向关系,并检测低氧胁迫下miR-17a-5p和其靶基因在鲢肝脏、脑、心脏和鳃四个组织中的动态表达特征。结果显示,鲢miR-17a-5p在不同物种间高度保守,预测出381个miR-17a-5p的潜在靶基因显著富集在硫代谢、mTOR信号通路以及萜类骨架的生物合成3个KEGG信号通路上。miR-17a-5p可与HIF-1α mRNA的3′UTR结合,并降低HIF-1α mRNA水平,低氧胁迫下miR-17a-5p的表达呈下降趋势,而HIF-1α表达则呈上升趋势;3个显著富集KEGG通路中的11个miR-17a-5p潜在靶基因在低氧胁迫过程中的不同组织中的表达,尤其是肝脏中的表达,除SGK1外,均呈显著上升趋势。研究表明,低氧胁迫下鲢各组织中miR-17a-5p的表达下调减弱了其对靶基因的抑制作用,进而导致HIF-1α、ddit4和Lrp5等响应低氧胁迫的基因表达上调。本研究为低氧胁迫下鲢miRNA的表达与调控机...     

小鼠急性缺氧后心肌肥大细胞的变化

应用组织化学方法对对照组、缺氧组、雌激素预处理缺氧组小鼠心肌肥大细胞的数量、活性及组化性质作了研究.结果表明,缺氧组小鼠肥大细胞和脱颗粒数目均极显著地高于同期对照组和雌激素预处理缺氧组(P<0.01),随着急性缺氧时间的延长,缺氧组小鼠肥大细胞和脱颗粒也呈直线上升趋势.雌激素预处理缺氧组小鼠的肥大细胞和脱颗粒极显著地低于同期缺氧组(P<0.01),而显著高于同期对照组(P<0.05).AB-S染色显示,心肌肥大细胞多数为黏膜肥大细胞,少数为结缔组织肥大细胞.试验结果为:肥大细胞参与急性缺氧造成心肌损伤的病理过程,雌激素对心肌缺氧损伤有保护作用.     

模拟急性低压性低氧对小鼠部分血气指标的影响

为了阐明在模拟急性低压性低氧环境下血气指标的变化趋势,选取BALB/c小鼠作为研究对象,检测了模拟急性低压性低氧时其血液中动脉与静脉的血氧饱和度、氧分压、二氧化碳分压等血液指标的变化。结果表明：随着缺氧时间的延长,BALB/c小鼠动、静脉血氧饱和度差值逐渐增大,24 h后趋于平衡;动、静脉氧分压差随着缺氧时间的延长表现为先降低后增加的趋势;动、静脉二氧化碳分压差随着缺氧时间延长表现为先增加后降低的趋势。该种动态变化主要是由于BALB/c小鼠随着缺氧时间延长,代偿性提高氧的供应、提高氧的利用效率,达到适应缺氧环境的目的。     

Pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular failure in broiler chickens reared at high altitude is affected by dietary source of n‐6 and n‐3 fatty acids

The present study evaluated the development of pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular failure in broiler chickens reared at high altitude (2100 m) as affected by dietary intake of n‐3 and n‐6 fatty acid sources. Flax oil and soy oil were used as sources of n‐3 and n‐6 fatty acids, respectively, either with or without α‐tocopheryl acetate. A total of 192 day‐old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were used in a completely randomized design using isoenergetic and isonitrogenous experimental diets. Results showed that dietary flax oil significantly (p < 0.05) improved feed conversion ratio during 21–42 days of age. However, body weight gain did not significantly differ among the experimental groups in entire trial. Birds received flax oil had significantly higher serum concentration of nitric oxide (NO) but they had lower serum concentration of malondialdehyde when compared with their counterparts fed with soy oil. Liver and abdominal fat weights were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced by substitution of soy oil for flax oil. The right‐to‐total ventricle weight ratio (RV/TV) and mortality from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in birds that received flax oil. In conclusion, n‐3 fatty acids could significantly reduce RV:TV and PAH mortality in birds by increasing circulatory level of NO and suppressing hepatic lipogenesis.     

低氧胁迫对平邑甜茶根系活力及氮代谢相关酶活性的影响

 采用控制营养液溶氧浓度的方法,研究了低氧胁迫对平邑甜茶幼苗生物量、根系活力、根系呼吸速率以及氮代谢相关酶活性的影响。结果表明：低氧胁迫抑制了植株的生长,营养液溶氧浓度越低,抑制作用越明显;低氧处理前期根系呼吸速率也受到了明显地抑制,并且溶氧浓度越低抑制作用越强,但随处理时间的延长,抑制作用降低,而幼苗根系活力则先急剧升高后急剧下降;低氧胁迫诱导了硝酸还原酶（NR）和谷氨酰胺合酶（GS）的活性,溶氧浓度越低酶活性增加幅度越大;而对谷氨酸脱氢酶（NADH-GDH）的活性先抑制后促进。平邑甜茶可通过增加呼吸消耗、改变代谢途径来缓解低氧逆境伤害。     

低氧对水牛卵泡内膜细胞雄激素合成能力的影响

本研究采用低氧(5％O2)条件培养水牛内膜细胞,探讨低氧对水牛内膜细胞雄激素合成的影响.结果 显示,低氧能显著提高水牛内膜细胞雄激素合成相关基因(CYP11A1、CYP17A1和3β-HSD)表达和睾酮分泌水平(P＜0.05);低氧能显著增强水牛内膜细胞对促黄体素(LH)的敏感性(P＜0.05).结果 表明,低氧(5％...     

Effects of dietary carbohydrate level on growth performance,innate immunity,antioxidant ability and hypoxia resistant of brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis

Juvenile brook trout were fed on six isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets, containing graded levels of gelatinized corn starch (50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 g/kg diet) for 81 days. Cellulose was used to compensate carbohydrate loss. The weight gain, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio increased as the dietary carbohydrate level increased from 50 to 150 g/kg, but decreased thereafter (p < .05). Quadratic regression analysis revealed that the optimum dietary carbohydrate level was in the range of 187.1–194.1 g/kg. In addition, serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase activities, as well as glucose content, were highest in the group fed on 300 g/kg carbohydrate (p < .05). The hepatic malondialdehyde level increased with dietary carbohydrate levels (p < .05). The hepatic lysozyme activity increased as dietary carbohydrate level increased from 50 to 150 g/kg and decreased thereafter (p < .05). The overall survival rate after hypoxia challenge (45 min; dissolved oxygen content: 2.2 mg L^?1) decreased with dietary carbohydrate levels (p < .05). Taken together, these results suggested that optimal level of dietary carbohydrate could improve growth performance. However, excessive dietary carbohydrate intake (> 250 g/kg) may decrease innate immunity status, increase oxidative stress and reduce resistance to hypoxia stress in brook trout.