基于Pro/E Mechanical的生物质成型机螺杆的有限元分析

应用现代设计软件Por/E对生物质成型机进行虚拟样机设计,并应用有限元方法,对螺杆进行静力学仿真分析,得到螺杆的应力、应变分布图;对螺杆的振动模态分析表明,螺杆的固有频率远大于其工作频率,螺杆在工作过程中不会发生共振.     

Simulation of Potential Production and Optimum Population Quantitative Indices for the Second Hybrid Rice

The article established the HDRICE model by modifying the structure of the ORYZA1 model and revising its parameters by field experiments. The HDRICE model consists of the modules of morphological development of rice, daily dry matter accumulation and partitioning, daily CO₂ assimilation of the canopy, leaf area, and tiller development. The model preferably simulated the dynamic rice development because of the thorough integration of the effects of temperature and light on the rates of rice development, photosynthesis, respiration, and other ecophysiological processes. In addition, this model has attainable grain yield in the test experiment that showed the potential yield of cultivar Xieyou 46 ranged from 11 to 13 tons ha⁻¹. Besides, the model was used to optimize the combinations of the transplanting date, seedling age and density for cultivar Xieyou 46 at Jinhua area, and the population quantitative indices to attain the potential yield such as maximum stems, effective panicles, filled grain number/leaf area, and so on. The result showed that the combination of transplanting date on July 25, seedling age of 35 days and base seedling density of 1.33×10⁶ha⁻¹ is the optimum combination for the second hybrid rice production in Jinhua County, China. And the maximum stems, the effective panicles, the filled grain per panicle, the peak of optimum LAI, LAI in later filling stage, and the filled grain number/leaf were 6.03×10⁶ha, 3.99×10⁶ha, 119.2, 8.59, 5–6, and 0.64, respectively.     

金枪鱼延绳钓船混合动力推进系统研究与分析

渔业节能减排和保护环境对促进国家海洋经济发展将起到重要作用。与传统的船舶动力系统相比,混合动力推进系统的电力推进具有调速范围广、驱动力大、易于正反转、体积小、布局灵活、安装方便、便于维修、振动和噪音小等优点。金枪鱼延绳钓船在作业时间内,主机处于低转速低负荷运行状态,燃油消耗率升高,出现积炭,导致增压器背压增加,可能引起喘振;主机受最低稳定转速限制,易造成航速忽快忽慢,不利于生产作业。根据金枪鱼延绳钓船作业方式和特点,提出分段驱动并联结构机电混合动力推进系统应用于金枪鱼延绳钓船,形成机电混合推进系统,降低了金枪鱼延绳钓船在航行及作业工况下对主机的依赖性,提高船舶推进系统冗余度,提高船舶放钓、收钓作业工况下的操纵灵活性,大幅度提高船舶操纵性和综合推进效率。通过经济适用性和环境保护性指标体系分析,与常规金枪鱼延绳钓船相比较,在放钓、巡钓和收钓作业等相同工况下,综合耗油量降低20%,系统可靠性,安全性和综合推进效率有一定提高。     

杂种小麦籽粒成熟期间的优势性状研究

本文通过对杂种小麦(CHA 杂种)和普通小麦品种的比较研究,分析了杂种小麦在籽粒成熟过程中的几个优势性状。结果表明:杂种小麦顶部叶片的光合速率,光合速率高值持续期和有效叶面积等光合特性均优于普通小麦品种。在光合速率日变化方面,杂种小麦和普通小麦品种的最高值差异显著,而最低值则差异不大,表现出杂种小麦对强光的适应力强,具较大优势;而在弱光下,则难以发挥优势的特性。在籽粒增重上,杂种小麦也表现出灌浆速率大,高值持续时间长等特点。矮秆大穗型杂种小麦的产量因素构成则表现为每穗粒数多或粒重高,穗粒重高的显著优势。     

贵妃鸡与麒麟鸡杂交F1代血液生理生化指标的测定

为给贵妃鸡（♂）与麒麟鸡（♀）杂交F1代的人工饲养繁殖、健康状况检测以及经济开发等提供科学的参考数据和理论依据,试验对12周龄贵妃鸡与麒麟鸡杂交F1代进行血液生理生化指标测定与分析。结果表明：①血液生理指标：杂交公鸡红细胞计数（RBC）、血红蛋白浓度（HGB）、红细胞压积（HCT）在数值上极显著高于母鸡（P〈0.01）,白血球计数（WBC）、平均红细胞体积（MCV）显著高于母鸡（P〈0.05）;②血液生化指标：杂交公鸡的甘油三酯（TG）、尿酸（UA）指标在数值上显著高于母鸡（P〈0.05）,磷酸肌酸激酶（CK）、肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）指标在数值上显著低于母鸡（P〈0.05）。杂交F1代的血液生理生化指标具有相对稳定性,这一结果能为贵妃鸡（♂）与麒麟鸡（♀）杂交F1代疾病诊断、治疗和饲养管理提供参考。     

New method using quantitative PCR to follow the tick blood meal and to assess the anti-feeding effect of topical acaricide against Rhipicephalus sanguineus on dogs

A 28-day study was conducted to assess the dynamic of blood feeding by Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks on dogs treated or not with a novel topical combination of fipronil, amitraz and (S)-methoprene. Dogs were infested weekly through exposure to ticks in crates for 4 h. Ticks were then counted in the crates at 2 h and 4 h post dog exposure. Ticks were also counted and removed from the dogs at 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h post tick exposure. The inhibition of blood feeding was assessed by both tick quantification and designing and performing a quantitative PCR (qPCR) to detect the canine hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS) gene in ticks. The percentage of repellency sensu lato based on the ticks collected in crates at 2 h varied from 4.7% at day 28 to 48.3% at day 7. The immediate mortality rate of the ticks expelled at 2 h varied from 1.5% at day 21 to 31.7% at day 7. The efficacy calculation showed that the acaricidal combination started to kill ticks in as little as 2 h. The average efficacy reached 90.0% at 12 h post crate challenges and 100% at 24 h post exposure in crates. The inclusion of an internal amplification control was used to ensure that no significant template-derived PCR inhibition (≤6.2%) affected the overall results. The reduction of blood feeding was significant at 4 h (>80.0%) and >99.0% at 24 h post tick exposure in the crate. The high repellency rate and the lethal efficacy of CERTIFECT^® resulted in significantly fewer live attached ticks, consequently reducing blood intake and fluid exchanges.     

Shikonin inhibits neuronal apoptosis induced by OGD through targeting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway

AIM: To explore the effect of shikonin on rat primary cortical neurons in oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced injury model.METHODS: The neurons were pretreated with shikonin at different concentrations (0.02, 0.2, 2 and 20 μmol/L) followed by treatment with OGD. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay and fluorescein diacetate/propidium iodide (FDA/PI) double staining were used to detect neuronal viability and apoptosis, and then the optimal concentration of shikonin was determined. LY294002 (PI3K/Akt signaling pathway inhibitor, 1 μmol/L) was added before the addition of shikonin, and the protein level of p-Akt (Ser473) in the neurons was determined by Wes-tern blot. LDH release assay and FDA/PI double staining were also used to detect neuronal viability and apoptosis.RESULTS: A certain concentration (0.2~20 μmol/L) of shikonin increased the viability of impaired neurons (P<0.05) and the protein level of p-Akt (Ser473) in the neurons (P<0.05). The effect of shikonin on neuronal p-Akt (Ser473) levels and the cell death were blocked by LY294002 (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: A certain concentration of shikonin reduces OGD-induced apoptosis of rat primary cortical neurons by activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.     

高加索三叶草×白三叶胚萌发条件的探索

以六倍体高加索三叶草Trifolium ambiguum与四倍体白三叶T.repens为亲本,通过远缘杂交,采用组织培养手段对杂交胚的萌发条件进行探索.结果表明:以高加索三叶草为母本、白三叶为父本,在花期8:00-9:00授粉,授粉后12～13 d取胚,用质量分数10%NaClO灭菌6.5～7 min,在不加任何外源激素的改良MS培养基上,胚萌发率最高,达8%.高频扩繁时,再附加0.25 mg/L 2,4-D+0.50 mg/L 6-BA可获得较高萌发率.     

高校图书馆“走进院系”模式的理论总结

简要解释了高校图书馆“走进院系”的涵义,详细论述了其服务项目以及由服务项目的增减所产生的不同模式,并对其实践的适用性进行了总结。     

施氮量和时期运筹对超级杂交稻植株氮含量与籽粒产量的影响研究

以当前长江中下游稻区具有代表性的高产超级稻品种Y两优1号为材料,采用不同施N量与施N时期分配的田间试验,研究施N对超级稻植株N含量与籽粒产量的影响,从而明确超级稻高产的穗肥N施用量和比例。结果表明：随着施N量的增加,超级稻茎叶和籽粒N含量均呈线性升高,而且施N量对生殖生长阶段茎叶N含量的影响更为显著;与总施N量相比,穗肥N对生殖生长阶段各时期茎叶N含量的影响斜率要高1.88、1.02、1.86和2.28倍,而对成熟期籽粒N含量的影响斜率要高3.59倍。分蘖盛期至抽穗期的茎叶N含量与籽粒产量呈显著线性相关,而成熟期茎叶和籽粒N均与籽粒产量表现为二次抛物线关系;通过模拟方程和不同施N比例处理的叶片外观特征均推算出超级杂交稻达到最高产量的穗肥N用量为59.0 kg/hm2,占总施肥量32.8%。对4个时期施N比例进一步分析表明,各处理籽粒产量与由方程计算的最高产量接近,10-50-25-15处理的籽粒产量要高1.7%,说明合理分配部分N作为粒肥更有利于提高超级杂交稻产量。超级杂交稻合理穗肥（和粒肥）N有利于优化成熟期茎叶和籽粒N含量,从而构建超级稻最大库容量,使其达到最高产量水平。