基于基尼系数的吉林省水资源空间匹配分析

水资源的空间分布特征决定一个地区的产业布局和发展方向,定量分析水资源的空间匹配特征可为合理安排工农业生产布局、提高生产力提供科学指导。根据吉林省资源、环境和经济地域差异及自然状况,将全省划分为4个生态经济区,各生态经济区内水资源、耕地、人口数量和工农业产值存在较大差异。通过构建区域基尼曲线和计算区域基尼系数,对吉林省水土资源、水资源与人口、水资源与农业产值、水资源与工业产值的匹配状况做出客观评价。结果表明,吉林省水土资源匹配的区域基尼系数为G1=0.610 6,水土资源匹配状况不及我国(省际间)和世界(国际间)平均水平;水资源与人口数量匹配的区域基尼系数为G2=0.503 2,水资源与农业产值匹配的区域基尼系数为G3=0.573 6,水资源与工业产值匹配的区域基尼系数为G4=0.632 0。吉林省水资源与耕地、人口、农业和工业等各要素的空间匹配程度整体较差,这与吉林省生态经济区划的内容相符,建议调整产业布局。     

夏秋蚕优质高产配套技术

从桑园管理和养蚕过程中的消毒等方面介绍了夏秋蚕优质高产配套技术,以期提高养蚕业经济效益。     

基于颜色直方图和LBP-TD算子的木板材节疤缺陷区域检测

提出一种基于颜色和纹理信息的木板材表面节疤缺陷区域检测方法。首先,根据木板材表面图像中正常区域和缺陷区域的颜色差异,通过颜色直方图自动获取缺陷区域的种子点;然后,提出一种纹理扩散算法,它从种子点出发,基于图像局部纹理特征搜索缺陷区域的边缘。此外,改进了局部二进制模式算子,提出一种LBP-TD算子以更好地适应纹理扩散。实验结果表明:针对各种常见的木板材节疤缺陷,当缺陷区域与正常木纹区域的颜色、纹理存在较明显差异时,无论木纹本身是否规则,本文方法都能准确地检测出木板材节疤缺陷的区域;而当缺陷区域与正常木纹区域的颜色、纹理的差异均不明显时,本文方法仍能检测出缺陷区域的大致轮廓。数据对比显示了本文方法的误检率要低于传统的OTSU法。      

遗传算法和最小二乘匹配相结合的DEM匹配方法

针对传统最小二乘无控制DEM匹配方法拉入范围小的问题,提出了一种遗传算法和最小二乘匹配相结合的无控制DEM匹配方法,为了克服基于传统匹配模型的遗传匹配方法易陷入缩放系数为0的错误全局最优极值处的问题,建立了采用距离等级划分的DEM匹配模型.在此基础上,设计了遗传算法和最小二乘匹配相结合的匹配方法流程.仿真和实际数据实验结果均表明,该方法能够保持最小二乘法匹配精度高和遗传算法拉入范围大的优点,并有较好的稳定性和较高的收敛效率.     

Three-dimensional reconstruction of electrical impedance tomography based on corresponding points matching interpolation

An interpolation algorithm with corresponding point matching is presented for interpolating two-dimensional reconstructed images of electrical impedance tomography(EIT）to realize three-dimensional reconstruction. The calculation methods of the gradient and its orientation angle have been adjusted according to the characteristic of the EIT data, and the interpolated slice shows good quality. The experimental model is a 2.1 S/m cylinder agar block immersed in a cylindrical water tank. The comparisons of the presented algorithm to the linear interpolation and the shape-based interpolation are made. The results show that corresponding point matching algorithm can ensure both accuracy and computational efficiency, thus the algorithm satisfies the requirements of the real-time EIT monitoring.     

From Experience-Oriented to Quantity-Based: A Method for Landscape Plant Selection and Configuration in Urban Built-Up Areas

Sunshine is the key ecological factor for the growth, development, and reproduction of all green plants. Experience-oriented methods are the main approach in the stage of plant selection and configuration for landscape planning and design. However, our survey showed that this approach is unreliable in complex built-up environments. The objective of this research was to find a sound strategy for the selection and configuration of landscape plants, thereby ensuring their healthy growth and development. In this research, we adopted a geographic information system (GIS) as the technological platform, combined with a sunshine simulation and evaluation model, and a landscape plant database. The system can automatically retrieve and match landscape plants for different levels of solar radiation at specific geographic sites. This quantity-based assessment of the solar environment can overcome the drawbacks of the experience-oriented approaches, and can be used for landscape plant selection in the early stages of landscape planning and design, and also for their conservation and replacement.     

成都平原蚕豆高效根瘤菌的筛选及其促生功能初步评价

[目的]筛选适用于成都平原的高效广谱蚕豆根瘤菌,并对其相关促生功能进行初步评价,为成都平原高效蚕豆根瘤菌剂的研制与应用提供科学依据。[方法]供试6株根瘤菌由课题组前期分离自成都平原,其与四川主栽蚕豆‘大白蚕豆’匹配良好,采用常规方法测定了这6个菌株分泌生长素及溶磷能力。菌株与蚕豆品种匹配试验采用低氮砂培法,供试蚕豆品种为成都平原主栽品种‘成胡14’、‘成胡15’;两个品种的蚕豆种子播种后,分别接种6个菌株,以不接种为对照(CK),光照(控温22~25℃、光照强度2800 lx左右、日照时间14 h)下培养41天后收获,测定植株生物量和根瘤数。然后,对匹配性试验筛到的两株高效广谱根瘤菌进行田间验证,供试蚕豆品种为成胡15,将2个根瘤菌制备的菌剂(活菌数5.0×10^8 CFU/g以上,载体为泥炭)进行拌种,以不接菌处理的灭菌泥炭为对照。在盛花期(生育期105 d)采样测定株高、根瘤数、地上部分植株干重;收获期(生育期200 d)采样测产;测定两个时期植株样品氮、磷、钾含量。盛花期采用BOX-PCR分子标记法测定接种根瘤菌占瘤率,同时提取接种菌株SCAUf73、SCAUf76的总DNA,比较接种菌株及相应根瘤类菌体根瘤菌DNA的BOX-PCR分子指纹图谱。用多位点基因序列分析法对田间验证的优良菌株SCAU73进行分类地位研究。[结果]1)通过匹配性砂培试验,筛选到2株与2个成都平原主栽蚕豆品种均高效匹配的根瘤菌SCAUf73、SCAUf76。SCAUf76、SCAUf73能使‘成胡14’、‘成胡15’植株干重较CK显著增加40.5%~61.6%。2)通过两株菌田间接种试验发现,接种SCAUf76处理的蚕豆产量与CK差异不显著;接种SCAUf73处理蚕豆植株干重、全氮含量等指标均高于CK,籽粒鲜产比CK显著增加25.0%,并显著高于SCAUf76,其占瘤率达到33%。3)多位点基因序列分析表明,SCAUf73可能是Rhizobium的一个新类群。4)促生性试验表明,6株菌都能分泌生长素(IAA),最大分泌量为21.0 mg/L(SCAUf76);供试菌株的溶磷能力不明显。[结论]从成都平原上筛选的6个菌株中,SCAUf73具有分泌IAA能力,与蚕豆接种后,占瘤率达33%,可显著促进蚕豆氮素吸收积累,提高蚕豆籽粒产量。与成都平原的主栽蚕豆品种匹配的高效广谱根瘤菌SCAUf73,适用于成都平原的蚕豆生产。     

论能岗匹配原理在农业企业人力资源招聘中的应用

合理地进行人岗匹配，是有效实现农业企业人力资源管理职能的前提。而能岗匹配原理作 为人力资源招聘过程中的黄金法则，正逐渐成为人力资源管理研究的热点，受到越来越多学者的关 注。本文详细阐述了能岗匹配原理，剖析了能级与权级的异同之处，并尝试提出相关理论的在操作中 的操作方式。     

城市公园绿地空间布局与供需匹配研究——以兰州市为例

以兰州主城区为例，运用核密度估计法，在对公园绿地空间布局特征分析的基础上，采用改进的两步移动搜索法对公园绿地供需匹配性进行评价，并探究其成因。结果表明:1)公园绿地总体分布呈现整体分散、局部集中的特征；不同类型公园绿地空间布局模式存在较大差异，综合公园呈现“均匀式”布局态势，专类公园呈现“双核心”空间格局，社区公园呈现“西密东疏”的集聚特征。2)主城区公园绿地供需匹配程度总体呈现出“北高南低、西高东低”空间分布特征；从西北—东南向剖面来看，总体呈现出“M”型分布态势；不同类型公园绿地供需比值均大致呈现出“西高东低”的共性特征，但由于各类公园绿地分布数量、面积和服务半径的差异，不同类型公园绿地与人口供需匹配程度也存在差异。3)人口分布、交通路网、公园绿地自身及周边环境是影响城市公园绿地供需匹配度空间分异的主要因素。     

A fast quantitative identification algorithm of colorimetric visual-sensor-array based on basic units matching

There are many difficulties to process a colorimetric visual-sensor-array by traditional processing methods, such as complicated manual analysis due to many data and hard to finish varieties and concentrations identification simultaneously, etc. In view of colorimetric-sensor-array’s same location response to the same gas, a fast quantitative identification algorithm of colorimetric visual-sensor-array based on basic units matching which can solve these problems is proposed. First, denoising and feature extraction are processed by setting experienced threshold to reduce redundancies and lessen manual analysis. Second, a creative qualitative analysis method based on basic units is put forward, which not only reduces computation, but also increases efficiency and precision. Finally, a ANFIS of NH3 concentration recognition utilizing advantages of fuzzy logic and neural network is used to distinguish low concentration NH3. The advantage of this algorithm is that varieties and concentrations of different gases could be detected successively, solving the problem of recognition errors caused by characteristic data infection when varieties and concentrations of different gases are detected simultaneously.The results of template matching based on basic units show that the classification accuracy of NH3, Cl2 and SO2 are 100%. The low concentration NH3 classification accuracy is also very high after species identification with measurement errors below 5%.