农业专家系统构建技术研究

介绍了农业专家系统的基本功能和基于WEB的体系结构,分析了知识库、推理机和人机接口的构建技术,并结合甘肃省优质专业春小麦生产和加工利用专家系统原型对关键开发技术和实现方法做了分析说明.     

山西省小麦——玉米两茬平作机具优化配备

在"三夏"和"三秋"期间,两茬平作农业生产对农业生产机具的优化配备需求尤为迫切.为此,结合小麦-玉米两茬平作农业生产作业工艺的特点,以适时性损失和作业成本之和最低为目标,来研究农业生产机具配备.采用非线性规划法对山西省两茬平作区农业生产机具进行优化配备,确定了机具配备的具体数量和作业时间.该研究有利于充分发挥农业机械的效率,有利于农业机械资源的有效利用,可以为农业机械的购置提供决策依据.     

Error measure of filter used in optical wavelet transform for image data compression

This paper analyzs the error measure of filter used in optical wavelet transform for image data compression, designs a measure system for filter's error and implements it by using matlab platform, meanwhile, it indicat and overcom the shortage of Photoshop in image statistical characteristic analysis. The batch operation and the precision of histogram information. Experiment results have proven its correctness.     

Fingerprint Identification Using Point Pattern Matching

Fingerprint is those lines distributing on the finger surface. It's unique and stable. It has been hundreds years to use fingerprint to identity. AFIS (Auto Fingerprint Identification System) has been widely used. Besides traditional criminal, AFIS has been used to validate user in OS and web access, and embedded AFIS also has been used in ATM, credit card and door-lock. Fingerprint matching is one of the most important problems in AFIS. In general, the minutiae such as ridge endings and ridge bifurcation is to be used to represent a fingerprint and the fingerprint matching through minutiae matching. Based on this observation and by representing the minutiae as a point pattern, an automatic fingerprint verification problem may be reduced to a point pattern matching (minutia matching) problem. Point pattern matching is a famous problem in the field of pattern recognition. For a good point pattern matching approach, it is able to perform the geometrical invariant quantities (translation, rotation, and scaling) efficiently. Various algorithms have been proposed for point pattern matching. For example, the relaxation approach handles translational difference only and the complexity of triangles approach is very high. In this paper, an algorithm for fingerprint identification using point pattern matching based on cluster approach is proposed, which effectively solves the problems of optimal matching between two fingerprint minutiae images under geometrical transformation and minutiae quantity change. Process which bases on the matching of vector pairs is developed to determine the registration parameters. The experimental results show that the proposed matching algorithm is fast and has high accuracy.     

基础理论指导下农机农艺相配套的研究

农机农艺相结合始终贯穿在我国农业机械化的发展历程中，为此在机械耕作科研与农业机械化教学中，探讨了这一发展历程，并进行分析，提出了基础理论指导下的农机农艺相配套是21世纪我国农业机械化深入发展的方向这一论点。     

基于HSV空间颜色直方图的油菜叶片缺素诊断

为实现快速而准确的油菜缺素诊断,根据不同缺素导致叶片颜色的变化,提出一种基于HSV颜色空间的非均匀直方图量化和组合多个支撑向量机分类器的智能化油菜缺素分析与诊断方法。采用霍格兰配方配制营养液,并使用山崎配方无土栽培技术,模拟正常、缺氮、缺磷、缺钾、缺硼5类营养状况下的油菜生长条件,栽培了一批甘蓝型双低油菜新品种阳光2009,采集幼苗期5类油菜叶片图像建立缺素数据库。首先使用主动轮廓模型分割油菜叶片区域,然后提取分割后的油菜叶片区域的HSV颜色直方图特征,并采用非均匀量化表征不同缺素油菜叶片图像的颜色差异,最后利用一对多方案训练多个支持向量机（support vector machine,SVM）分类器实现不同缺素油菜叶片图像的分类识别。缺素分类试验结果表明,该方法能较准确地判别常见油菜的缺素类型,对5种缺素的总体识别率达到93%,为数字化和智能化的油菜营养分析与诊断提供了一条有效途径。     

基于典型工况的装载机发动机与液力变矩器匹配

针对目前发动机与液力变矩器常用匹配方案中发动机净转矩获取方法的不足,为实现发动机与液力变矩器更科学、合理的匹配,构建了装载机液压测试系统,对传感器性能进行了标定。在典型工况下开展了实机试验,应用nSoft软件对测试数据进行处理,得到液压系统实际消耗的发动机转矩为288.76 N·m,进而提出了一种基于典型工况的发动机与液力变矩器匹配方案。根据试验用装载机发动机与液力变矩器原始特性数据,应用数据拟合方法,得到了发动机与变矩器的共同输入与输出特性。采用积分平均方法求取了涡轮工作高效区涡轮轴平均输出功率和发动机平均油耗率。在变矩器高效区,试验功率匹配方案的涡轮轴平均输出功率分别比原匹配方案、部分功率匹配方案高17.02%和42.59%,试验功率匹配方案的发动机平均油耗率分别比原匹配方案、部分功率匹配方案低3.80%和8.72%。结果表明文中提出的匹配方案优于目前常用的匹配方案。该研究为液力变矩器的优化设计、发动机与液力变矩器合理匹配提供了参考。     

基于计算机视觉的三维测量技术

该文根据计算机视觉原理,提出一种三维非接触测量技术。该技术根据人眼感知事物的原理,利用神经网络拟合图像坐标与空间坐标的映射关系;以光栅投影曲线为特征,采用小波边缘检测和搜索式无监督聚类,结合视觉几何不变性,实现亚像素级的立体精匹配;并采用小波多尺度多分辨率的特性,拼接图像,融合数据,对物体进行全方位测量。实验表明,该技术设备简单,测量速度快,测量精度控制在0.5mm/m以内     

摘牛沟小流域林草配置模式试验研究

本文以摘牛沟为例,论述了小流域综合治理中林草配置的主导思想。在总体布局时应考虑多种制约因子,根据不同树、草种的生态适应性,筛选出不同立地条件的适宜树、草种及配置方式。并对半干旱黄土丘陵区小流域综合治理中的林草配置作了初步探讨。