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81.
The impact of the chromium supplementation on insulin signalling pathway in different tissues and milk yield in dairy cows
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M. Pantelić L. J. Jovanović R. Prodanović I. Vujanac M. Đurić T. Ćulafić S. Vranješ‐Đurić G. Korićanac D. Kirovski 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(1):41-55
Thirty days before expected time of parturition, 20 Holstein cows were divided into ?Cr and +Cr groups. From day 25 before parturition (BP ) up to day 30 after parturition (AP ), +Cr cows received 10 mg of Cr (chromium‐enriched yeast) daily. Muscle and adipose tissue samples were taken at days ?30, ?10, +7 and +10 related to parturition, when body condition score (BCS ) was also determined. Hepatic tissue samples were taken at days ?10 and +7. Tissue samples were used for determination of the insulin signalling pathway protein expressions. Intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT ) was performed at days ?28, ?7, +10 and +30. Milk yield was recorded during first 14 weeks AP . Milk composition was obtained at days 7 and 28 AP . At day 10 BP , protein content of β ‐subunit of insulin receptor (IR β ) was significantly higher (p ? 0.05) in muscle, and phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 at serine 307 (pIRS ‐1 Ser307) was significantly lower (p ? 0.05) in hepatic tissue of +Cr group. After parturition, pIRS ‐1 Ser307 was significantly lower in muscle tissue at days 7 and 28 (p ? 0.05 and p ? 0.001, respectively), while phosphorylation of Akt at serine 473 (pA kt Ser473) was significantly higher (p ? 0.01) in hepatic tissue at day 7 AP in +Cr group. Chromium had opposite effect on insulin kinetics during IVGTT s obtained BP and AP . Insulin secretion was significantly reduced at day 7 BP and significantly enhanced at day 10 AP , when NEFA concentration was also significantly increased. Milk yield and ECM value were depressed in +Cr group. DMI and BCS were significantly enhanced in +Cr group at day 7 BP . In conclusion, chromium modulates insulin signalling pathway in dairy cows, but targeted signalling molecules are different in antepartal then post‐partal period, probably due to duration of exposure to chromium and different energy status between those periods. 相似文献
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《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2008,17(4):476-481
Chromium has been considered by many nutritionists as an essential nutrient for animals and humans. Research on the use of Cr from organic sources in poultry is limited. Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of dietary addition of 0, 200, 400, or 800 ppb Cr as chromium propionate on growth performance and carcass traits in 0- to 42- or 0- to 49-d-old broilers. The results of these experiments indicate that Cr as chromium propionate improved feed efficiency in the later phases of growth and decreased mortality in one experiment but not another. Also, chromium propionate supplementation had no effect on carcass traits. 相似文献
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针对六价铬分析实验中显色剂保存较易变色和操作不够简便的问题,提出了在显色剂配制时,用95%乙醇作为溶剂加入少量酸配制二苯碳酰二肼溶液。实验过程加酸的步骤中,使用(1+1)硫酸和(1+1)磷酸等体积混合酸。通过实验对比发现:改进的方法能延长的显色剂的保存时间,简化实验操作步骤,并且保证了实验分析的精密度和准确度。 相似文献
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通过营养液沙培盆栽试验,研究了水稻幼苗的根长、株高和鲜重对高氯酸盐(ClO4^-)、六价铬(Cr^6+)及其复合污染(ClO4^-+Cr^6+)胁迫的响应。结果表明,随着污染物处理浓度的提高,ClO4^-、Cr^6+和ClO4^-+Cr^6+对水稻幼苗主要生长指标根长、株高和鲜重的抑制作用越明显,呈现出明显的浓度-效应关系;在同一浓度下,ClO4^-、Cr^6+和ClO4^-+Cr^6+对水稻幼苗根长、株高和鲜重的抑制率呈明显的时间-效应关系,处理时间越长,抑制率越高;复合污染对水稻生长的抑制效应大于其中任一污染物在同浓度条件下的单一污染的影响,且随着浓度和时间的增加,抑制作用也越明显;复合污染对水稻幼苗生长的交互作用类型因处理时间和浓度组合的不同而更趋复杂。 相似文献
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