多效唑对水稻生长发育及其作用机制的研究

多效唑(MET)处理水稻植株后,使株高降低,分蘖增多,穗粒数下降,与此相应,植株体内的赤霉素(GA_3),生长素(IAA)、玉米素(Z)显著下降,脱落酸(ABA)显著增加。用生长调节剂 GA_3和氮肥可逆转多效唑的抑制作用而便株高增加,给受抑制植株施用GA_3和 IAA,可使植株内 GA_3和 IAA 含量相应上升。因此 MET 可通过调节植株体内 GA_3、IAA、Z、ABA 的含量调控植物生长     

Dietary eicosapentaenoic acid requirement of juvenile rock bream,Oplegnathus fasciatus

A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the optimum dietary level of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n‐3) based on growth and non‐specific immune responses in juvenile rock bream. A basal diet without EPA supplementation was used as a control, and six other diets were prepared by supplementing with 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 or 40 g of EPA per kg diet. The actual EPA concentrations of the diets were 0.5, 4.3, 8.5, 13.0, 16.8, 21.0 and 41.2 g of EPA per kg diet, and the diets were abbreviated as EPA_0.5, EPA_4.3, EPA_8.5, EPA_13.0, EPA_16.8, EPA_21.0 and EPA_41.2, respectively. Triplicate groups of fish averaging 1.06 ± 0.01 g (mean ± SD) were fed one of the seven experimental diets at the apparent satiation for 8 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, weight gain, specific growth rate and feed efficiency of fish fed EPA_16.8, EPA_21.0 and EPA_41.2 diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed EPA_0.5, EPA_4.3, EPA_8.5 and EPA_13.0 diets (p < .05). Superoxide dismutase activity of fish fed EPA_16.8, EPA_21.0 and EPA_41.2 diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed EPA_0.5, EPA_4.3 and EPA_8.5 diets. Fish fed EPA_21.0 and EPA_41.2 diets showed significantly higher lysozyme activity than did fish fed EPA_0.5, EPA_4.3, EPA_8.5 and EPA_13.0 diets. The broken‐line analysis of weight gain indicated that the optimum dietary EPA level was 16.7 g/kg diet. These results suggested that the optimum dietary EPA level in juvenile rock bream could be greater than 16.7 g/kg diet but less than or equal to 16.8 g/kg diet based on the broken‐line analysis and the ANOVA test of weight gain.     

Effects of Selenium Yeast on Growth Performance and Some Blood Biochemical Indexes in Laying Ducks of Rearing Period in Cages under High Ambient Temperature

The study was conducted to determine the effects of different levels of selenium yeast(SeY, added as selenium content) on growth performance and some biochemical indexes in Jinding laying ducks under high temperature (29-35℃). 144 Jinding laying ducks of rearing period (10-16 weeks old) were divided into 4 groups, control group, experimental groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ, supplemented with 0, 0.15, 0.45 and 0.75 mg/kg Se, respectively. The results showed that compared with the control group, the addition of SeY to the diets could significantly increase the average daily feed intakes (ADFI) of ducks at 14-16 weeks old (P<0.05); The body weights of ducks in group Ⅰ at 13-15 weeks old were significant higher than that in the control group (P<0.05),and the body weight at 16 weeks old was higher than the other three groups significantly (P<0.05),there was no significant difference between the body weight and standard body weight at 16 weeks old in group Ⅰ(P>0.05), but the body weights of other three groups were extremely significantly lower than the standard weight (P<0.01); There was no significant difference among the four groups for feed to gain ratios (F/G), while the group Ⅰ was the lowest; AST activities of group Ⅰ were significantly lower than group Ⅱ(P<0.05), LDH activities of groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were lower than the control group significantly (P<0.05), and LDH activities of groupⅠ were lower than groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ significantly (P<0.05). TCH concentrations of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were higher than group Ⅲ significantly (P<0.05). It is concluded that the addition of 0.15 mg/kg of Se (added as SeY) could obviously improve the growth performance of the laying ducks in reared cages, protect the function of liver, promote the TCH concentrations of duck serum.     

Effect of Dietary Lactobacillus fermentum from Pig on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility,Faecal Microflora Number and Serum Immune Indices in Weaned Piglets

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Lactobacillus fermentum on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility, faecal microflora number and serum immune indices of weaned piglets.A total of 160 weaned piglets with an average age of (30±2) days and averge body weight of (7.85±0.68) kg were randomly distributed into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 10 piglets per replicate feeding basal diet, 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% Lactobacillus fermentum supplementation diets, respectively.The experiment lasted for 35 d.The results showed that, compared with the control group, the average daily gain, the feed conversion ratio, the apparent digestibility of crude protein, calcium and total phosphorusin of Lactobacillus fermentum groups were all increased in varying degrees.The optimum supplemental level of Lactobacillus fermentum should be 0.2%, and at this level, the average daily gain was significantly increased by 8.70% (P<0.05), the F/G was decreased by 4.62% (P<0.05), the apparent digestibility of crude protein, calcium and total phosphorus were significantly increased (P<0.05), the number of faecal E.coli was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the serum IgG was significantly increased by 8.39% (P<0.05).The results indicated that Lactobacillus fermentum supplementation could improve the immune function, growth performance, the apparent digestibility of crude protein, calcium and total phosphorus and reduce the number of faecal E.coli of weaned piglets.     

余庆县2006～2010年黑线姬鼠不同年龄组种群繁殖参数的变动规律

为进一步探讨黑线姬鼠不同年龄组种群繁殖参数的变动规律,采用夹夜法调查,收集鼠类标本。对贵州省余庆县2006～2010年捕获的701只黑线姬鼠(雌鼠327只,雄鼠374只)分析表明:黑线姬鼠种群总性比为0.87,不同年龄组种群性比存在一定差异。亚成年组、成年Ⅰ组、成年Ⅱ组、老年组均可参与繁殖,不同年龄组种群繁殖力存在显著差异,随着种群年龄的增长,怀孕率、胎仔数、繁殖指数、睾丸下降率不断增加,成年Ⅰ组、成年Ⅱ组、老年组是黑线姬鼠种群繁殖的主体,平均怀孕率为43.01%,平均胎仔数为5.11只,平均繁殖指数为0.9298,平均睾丸下降率为95.44%,均显著高于总体平均值。     

健宝（Jumbo）生长及营养成分动态研究

健宝是近年来引入我国适于农田种植的新型牧草。在内蒙古西辽河平原种植株高可达350cm-360cm,株高增长速率最大达5.50cm/d,单株干物质积累速率最大值为5.3g/d,最大LAI达14.72,LAI>5的持续日数长达90d之多。粗蛋白质含量与株高负相关达极显著水平（r=-0.9894）,粗蛋白质含量（%）与株高（cm）线性回归方程为：y=21.9853-0.0543x;粗纤维含量与株高正相关达极显著水平（r=0.9765）,粗纤维含量（%）与株高（cm）线性回归方程为：y=16.1915+0.0404x。生长季内干草产量持续增加 ,鲜草产量及粗蛋白质产量后期略有下降。     

水稻全生育期耐盐资源初步筛选

为了筛选全生育期耐盐的水稻资源,本文对500份不同来源的国内外地方品种和旱稻资源用0.3%的NaCl盐溶液进行了苗期筛选,共获得34份苗期存活率和绿叶率大于50%的材料。对上述34份材料和前人报道的121份耐盐材料用0.3%和0.5%的NaCl进行了全生育期耐盐性筛选。0.3%的NaCl共筛选到7个品种的11个全生育期耐盐存活单株,而0.5%的NaCl仅筛选到1个品种中的1个存活单株。这些材料为耐盐机理研究和耐盐育种研究提供了材料基础。     

2012—2013年度济阳冬小麦全生育期气象条件分析

利用济南市唯一的国家农气基本站2012--2013年度冬小麦全生育期的气象资料,探讨了冬小麦主要发育期的有利气象条件,评价气象条件对冬小麦生长和产量的影响。指出冬前气象条件适宜,墒情良好,冬小麦平均分蘖和次生根较上年较多,安全越冬。返青后至抽穗气温偏低,延长小麦分化时间,易成大穗,增加穗粒数;乳熟至收获期间天气条件利大于弊,有利于小麦灌浆和提高千粒重。     

烟粉虱对寄主植物的选择

烟粉虱[Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)]是小黑瓢虫[Delphastus catalinae(Horn)]的捕食猎物之一。提供6种寄主植物进行烟粉虱的选择试验,发现寄主植物对烟粉虱生长发育和存活的影响不明显,主要影响其成虫生殖力和种群增长。通过比较烟粉虱的种群增长指数(I),发现花椰菜、一品红、豇豆和烟草这4种寄主植物比较适合用于人工大量繁育烟粉虱,其中花椰菜的饲养效果最佳,最有利于烟粉虱种群的快速增长。     

不同N、P添加水平对黄顶菊叶片化学计量特征的影响

黄顶菊(Flaveria bidentis)为新入侵我国的一种恶性杂草,研究其化学计量特征可以了解入侵植物在不同环境中的生存和适应策略.通过网室盆栽控制试验,研究了土壤N、P添加对黄顶菊植株生长、N、P化学计量特征和叶绿素含量的影响.结果表明,土壤N、P添加比例相同条件下,养分水平对叶片N:P的影响显着;随着N、P添加量的增加,叶片N:P比显着下降,地上生物量较对照均显着增加,其中高N素比例对叶片N:P影响最大,当叶片N:P比>21.24时,植株生长速率较低,符合生长速率假说.土壤N和叶片N含量与黄顶菊叶片叶绿素含量成正相关,黄顶菊叶片N(P)含量和地上生物量均随着土壤N(P)含量的增加呈现先增加后下降趋势.黄顶菊叶片N:P<20.86为N限制,叶片N:P>21.24为P限制.