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101.
Effect of the route of administration on the mucosal and systemic immune responses to Lawsonia intracellularis vaccine in pigs 下载免费PDF全文
In an on‐farm study, 40 weaned piglets aged 3 weeks were vaccinated with Lawsonia intracellularis vaccine orally, IM or IP while a fourth group remained unvaccinated. All vaccinated animals showed increased serum levels of L. intracellularis‐specific IgG antibodies, but significantly elevated concentrations of specific IgG, IgA and cytokines were generated in ileal mucosal secretions from the orally and IP vaccinated pigs when examined at 17 days after vaccination. 相似文献
102.
103.
To determine the apparent digestibility of cassava residue (CR) nutrient and the effects of CR on growth performance when replaced the different levels corn in diet,two experiments were designed.In the first experiment,8 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire crossbred barrow pigs with the similar weight (22.46 kg±1.08 kg) were chosen for determining the apparent digestibility of CR.The pre-test period lasted for 10 days,and the trial period lasted for 5 days.In the second experiment,160 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire crossbred pigs with the similar weight(21.09 kg±0.72 kg) were randomly divided into five groups with four replicates per group and eight pigs per replicate.The control group was fed with basal diet while the experimental groups were fed diets containing 5%,10%,15% and 20% levels of substitution of corn by CR,respectively.The pre-test period lasted for 5 days,and the trial period lasted for 30 days.The results showed that the content of CP and EE in CR were 2.73% and 0.68%,but CF and total energy were 15.34% and 13.55 MJ/kg.The content of Lys and Thr were 0.11% and 0.08%,respectively.Calcium and phosphorus apparent digestibility were low,just only 40.24% and 34.76%,respectively,while apparent total energy digestibility was 65.62%.The apparent digestibility of Arg,Glu,Tyr,Met,Leu and Val were higher than 80%.The average daily gain was reduced with increasing dose of CR,which the group of 15% and 20% addition were significantly lower than that of control group (P< 0.05).However,the average daily gain of 5% and 10% groups were no significant difference with the control group(P >0.05).The feed cost of 5% and 10% addition groups were decreased by 0.01 and 0.05 yuan.In conclusion,under this experimental condition,the appropriate addition of CR for growing-fishing pig (20 to 50 kg ) was 5% to 10% in the diet. 相似文献
104.
Meat Juice Serology and Improved Food Chain Information as Control Tools for Pork‐Related Public Health Hazards 下载免费PDF全文
The seroprevalence of Salmonella spp., pathogenic Yersinia spp., Toxoplasma gondii and Trichinella spp. was studied in 1353 finishing pigs from 259 farms that were allocated according to farm types: large fattening farms (≥1000 pig places), small fattening farms (< 1000 pig places) and farrow‐to‐finish farms. The antibodies were analysed with commercial ELISA kits in meat juice samples that were collected at Finnish slaughterhouses. Salmonella antibodies were rare (3% of pigs, 14% of farms) when the cut‐off optical density (OD) value 0.2 was used. Antibodies to pathogenic Yersinia spp. and T. gondii were detected in 57% of pigs and 85% of farms (OD ≥0.3) and in 3% of pigs and 9% of farms (OD ≥0.15), respectively. No antibodies to Trichinella spp. were detected (OD ≥0.3). The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) considers Salmonella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica, T. gondii and Trichinella spp. as the most relevant biological hazards in the context of meat inspection of pigs. The seroprevalence of these important zoonotic pathogens was low in Finland, except that of Yersinia. The seroprevalence of Toxoplasma was significantly higher in pigs originating from small‐scale fattening farms (P < 0.05). Strong positive correlation was observed at the animal level between Salmonella and Yersinia seropositivity and between Salmonella and Toxoplasma seropositivity (P < 0.05). We suggest that these results reflect the level and importance of biosecurity measures applied on the farms. Meat juice serology at slaughter is a useful tool for targeting measures to control these pathogens. The information obtained from analyses should be used as part of the food chain information (FCI). 相似文献
105.
针对当前生猪规模化养殖过程中基于热红外技术的生猪体温测量效率低的问题,提出了一种基于改进YOLO v7的生猪群体体温检测方法。改进YOLO v7算法在Head层引入VoV-GSCSP结构,降低网络结构复杂度;使用内容感知特征重组(Content-aware reassembly of features,CARAFE)替换模型原始上采样算子,提高特征图放大后的品质,强化生猪头部区域有效特征;引入感受野增强模块(Receptive field enhancement module,RFE),增强特征金字塔对生猪头部特征的提取能力。本文改进YOLO v7算法对于生猪头部的检测精确率为87.9%,召回率为92.5%,平均精度均值(Mean average precision,mAP)为94.7%。与原始YOLO v7相比,精确率提高3.6个百分点,召回率提高7.0个百分点,mAP提高3.6个百分点。该方法首先自动检测生猪头部区域,再利用头部最大温度与耳根温度的高相关性,最终自动获取生猪体温。温度提取平均绝对误差仅为0.16℃,检测速度为222f/s,实现了生猪群体体温的实时精准检测。综合上述试验结果表明,该方法能够自动定位生猪群体的头部区域,满足生猪群体体温测定的高效和高精度要求,为群养生猪体温自动检测提供了有效的技术支撑。 相似文献
106.
Kirsten Büsing Mohamed Elhensheri Kristin Entzian Udo Meyer Annette Zeyner 《Research in veterinary science》2014
Humic acids are used to prophylactically treat intestinal diseases in a wide number of species, yet the mechanism of action remains unknown. The general assumption has been that humic acids act locally; however studies using young piglets show orally supplemented humic acids can penetrate the intestinal wall, and thus potentially act systemically. The objective of this study was to determine if humic acids could also cross the intestinal barrier in adult pigs and be detected in other organs. Adult minipigs (>18 months old) orally received either 1 g humic acids/kg body weight (verum, n = 3) or placebo (control, n = 3), for 2 weeks. At the end of the feeding period tissue samples were harvested from the intestine, various glands and organs. Unstained tissue samples were examined by light microscopy for the presence of humic acid particles. No humic acid particles were detected in any of the unstained tissues from verum or control pigs. 相似文献
107.
C. Arce C. Lucena A. Moreno J.J. Garrido 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2014
Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (S. typhimurium) is one of the most frequent Salmonella serotypes isolated from European pigs. Despite the advances in understanding the mechanisms involved in host–pathogen interactions and host cell responses to S. typhimurium, the global change that occurs in naturally exposed populations has been poorly characterized. Here, we present a proteomics study on intestinal mucosa of pigs naturally infected with S. typhimurium, in order to better understand the pathogenesis of salmonellosis and the pathways which might be affected after infection. Samples were analyzed by 2D-DIGE and 44 different proteins exhibited statistically significant differences. The data set was analyzed by employing the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and the physiological function most significantly perturbed were immunological and infectious disease, cellular assembly and organization and metabolism. The pathways implicated in the porcine immune response to S. typhimurium were gluconeogenesis and Rho GDI/RhoA signaling, and our results suggest that keratins and the intermediate filaments could play an important role in the damage of the mucosa and in the success of infection. The role of these findings in salmonellosis has been discussed, as well as the importance of analyzing naturally infected animals to have a complete picture of the infection. Also, we compared the results found in this work with those obtained in a similar study using experimentally infected animals. 相似文献
108.
L. Tusell P. Pérez‐Rodríguez S. Forni D. Gianola 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2014,131(2):105-115
Predictive ability of yet‐to‐be observed litter size (pig) grain yield (wheat) records of several reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHS) regression models combining different number of Gaussian or t kernels was evaluated. Predictive performance was assessed as the average (over 50 replicates) predictive correlation in the testing set. Predictions from these models were combined using three different types of model averaging: (i) mean of predicted phenotypes obtained in each model, (ii) weighted average using mean squared error as weight or (iii) using the marginal likelihood as weight. (ii) and (iii) were obtained in a validation set with 5% of the data. Phenotypes consisted of 2598, 1604 and 1879 average litter size records from three commercial pig lines and wheat grain yield of 599 lines evaluated in four macro‐environments. SNPs from the PorcineSNP60 BeadChip and 1447 DArT markers were used as predictors for the pig and wheat data analyses, respectively. Gaussian and univariate t kernels led to same predictive performance. Multikernel RKHS regression models overcame shortcomings of single kernel models (increasing the predictive correlation of RKHS models by 0.05 where 3 Gaussian or t kernels were fitted in the RKHS models simultaneously). None of the proposed averaging strategies improved the predictive correlations attained with single models using multiple kernel fitting. 相似文献
109.
为了研究不同猪种背最长肌中氨基酸沉积规律,试验采用高效液相色谱检测了不同体重梯度(90、110和130 kg)的川藏黑猪和杜长大(DLY)猪背最长肌中氨基酸含量。结果表明,谷氨酸在两猪种肌肉中含量最高,含硫氨基酸总量在90和130 kg体重梯度时表现为川藏黑猪显著高于DLY猪(P〈0.05),110 kg体重梯度时极显著高于DLY猪(P〈0.01),而同一猪种不同体重梯度间各种氨基酸组成差异均不显著(P〉0.05),鲜味氨基酸占总氨基酸比例(FAA/TAA)在90 kg体重梯度表现为川藏黑猪极显著高于DLY猪(P〈0.01),130 kg体重梯度时显著高于DLY猪(P〈0.05)。本研究说明川藏黑猪肌肉中与风味相关的氨基酸含量高于DLY猪,我们认为这也是川藏黑猪的肌肉风味比DLY猪更浓郁的重要原因之一。我们的研究初步揭示了不同猪种背最长肌中氨基酸的沉积规律及构成差异,为进一步研究猪肉风味形成机理提供数据。 相似文献
110.
肌肽与维生素E对育肥猪肉品质和抗氧化性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本试验旨在研究肌肽与维生素E单独及联合使用对育肥猪肉品质和抗氧化性能的影响。试验采用2因素2×3析因设计,设3个肌肽水平(0、50、100 mg/kg),2个维生素E水平(0、200 mg/kg),选择90头体重约为70 kg的“杜×长×大”三元杂交育肥猪,按体重相近、性别比例相同原则,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复5头猪。预试期为7 d,试验期为42 d。结果表明:1)饲粮中添加肌肽能显著提高屠宰后45 min肌肉的p H和降低贮存48 h肌肉的滴水损失(P<0.05),极显著提高屠宰24 h后肌肉的p H和降低贮存24 h肌肉的滴水损失(P<0.01);维生素E能极显著降低贮存24和48 h肌肉的滴水损失(P<0.01),二者均能显著改善肉色(P<0.05)。肌肽与维生素E在改善肉色和降低贮存24 h肌肉的滴水损失上存在互作效应(P<0.05),且联合添加优于单独添加。2)饲粮中添加肌肽可显著提高育肥猪血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)及总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性(P<0.05),极显著提高谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P<0.01),维生素E可极显著提高育肥猪血清T-AOC及T-SOD和GSH-Px活性(P<0.01)。在提高血清的T-AOC和GSH-Px活性上,二者存在显著互作效应(P<0.05),且联合添加优于单独添加。3)肌肽可显著降低贮存24 h背最长肌的丙二醛(MDA)含量(P<0.05),极显著降低贮存48、72和96 h背最长肌的MDA含量(P<0.01);维生素E可极显著降低贮存24、48、72和96 h背最长肌的MDA含量(P<0.01),且肌肽与维生素E对贮存48 h背最长肌的MDA含量存在显著互作效应(P<0.05)。综上,饲粮中添加100 mg/kg的肌肽、200 mg/kg的维生素E为最优组合。 相似文献