多项式插值法绘制发动机万有特性曲线

发动机万有特性可直观的反映发动机在其运行范围内的各项性能参数的变化情况。该文利用多项式插值法绘制发动机万有特性曲线。推导了三次多项式插值公式和三次多项式插值余项，绘制了发动机万有特性曲线。结果表明三次多项式插值法能精确地反映发动机特性，并可用该方法绘制发动机等油耗、等排放等特性曲线。为绘制发动机特性曲线、研究发动机性能提供较好的方法。     

Converting restriction fragment length polymorphism to single‐strand conformation polymorphism markers and its application in the fine mapping of a trichome gene in cotton

A well‐characterized and systematically organized collection of genetic markers is crucial in the study of any crop species. It is the basis of map‐based gene cloning and crop improvements through marker‐assisted selections. Single‐strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) has been a robust way of discovering new polymorphisms in marker development without the requirement of sequencing. Here, we report the first approach of applying SSCP marker discovery methods in the genetic map construction and gene mapping of cotton species. A total of 80 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers were selected from a region on published cotton genetic maps around the T1 gene related to cotton trichome. Among the 80 RFLPs, 28 showed polymorphisms through SSCP, showing a polymorphic rate of approximately 35%, which is much higher than that of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in the same region (7.8%). By integrating these newly generated SSCP markers, a detailed genetic map was reconstructed around this region using an F₂ population derived from a cross between Gossypium arboreum and G. herboceum. The reconstructed region comprises 22 SSCP markers, eight SSR markers and the T1 gene, spanning 21.6 cM. The marker order of the new map agrees well with published reference RFLP maps. The above results suggest that SSCP method can be applied very efficiently and reliably to the marker development of cotton genomes. It will prove to be even more valuable and robust after the public release of cotton whole‐genome sequences.     

Construction of high-density linkage map and identification of QTLs associated with resistance to black rot in radish (Raphanus sativus) by RAD sequencing

High-density marker-based QTL mapping can serve as an effective strategy to identify novel genomic information to facilitate crop improvement. In this study, we genotyped an F₂ population (KB12-1 × PP12-1) using a RAD-seq approach and constructed a high-density linkage map for radish. After a series of filtering procedures were performed, 17,124 SNPs and 3,336 indels with aa × bb genotyping were retained to obtain bin markers. Then, a linkage map comprising a total of 1,221 bin markers in nine linkage groups spanning 1,467.3 cM with an average marker interval of 1.2 cM was constructed. We evaluated the resistance of the F₂ mapping population to black rot using F₃ progeny, and two major QTLs related to black rot resistance were identified based on this map. Among these QTLs, qBRR2 on Chr.2 explained 26.97% of the phenotypic variation with a LOD score of 11.93, and qBRR7 on Chr.7 accounted for 27.06% of the phenotypic variation with a LOD score of 11.83. The additive effect of qBRR2 was positive (14.97); however, qBRR7 had the opposite effect (−11.99). The high-density linkage map and the major QTLs qBRR2 and qBRR7 provide new important information for disease resistance gene discovery and utilization in genetic improvement.     

《1∶5万植被图》填图新模式研究

以太行山摩天岭为样区，以１∶５万地形图为底图，研制出了一种用平面图、剖面图与网络图相结合的绘制植被图的“双面图法”。用该法绘制的植被图，其正面为平面图和剖面图，背面为相对应的网格图。该图能对每种植被层片（或类型）和植物种的自然分布进行科学定位，能反映出各区域的土壤类型，并能显示出小区域的气候因子。     

利用91卫图助手软件实现林业矢量数据坐标系的转换

以永平县林业矢量数据为例,利用91卫图助手软件和ArcGIS软件,通过北京54坐标系矢量数据在各坐标系下叠加、坐标系转换参数的计算、矢量数据坐标系的转换等步骤,阐述实现矢量数据坐标系WGS84、北京54、西安80和国家2000坐标系相互转换的方法,以实现各类自然资源矢量数据的共享。     

基于MapInfo Professional的林相图制图技术与应用

林相图是承载丰富森林信息的地图,是林业行业的基本用图.针对林相图制图的关键工序,利用MapBasic语言对MapInfo Professional进行二次开发,可以显著提高林相图制图的自动化程度,从而提高工作效率和图面精度.     

基于分幅房产图的土地利用现状信息提取

以《房产测量规范》（GB/T17986.1-2000）标准绘制的分幅房产图为土地调查底图,依《土地利用现状分类》（GB/T21010-2007）标准对房产图上的土地利用现状信息进行提取。详细探讨从分幅房产图上的商业金融业用地、市政用地、公共建筑用地、交通等用地中提取地类信息的归并情况,指出从分幅房产图上提取土地利用现状信息存在的问题为：概念范围界定不统一、相同地类名称不相同、表示信息侧重点不同和精度差异等。为共享资源,节约社会成本,建议统一地类划定标准,多种地图一体化综合测绘等。     

31个种源东部白松SRAP指纹图谱分析

采用8对SRAP引物对加拿大31个种源的东部白松进行分析,获得104个扩增位点,多态性位点79个,平均多态性水平76%,每对引物产生等位基因7～22个,条带分布100～1 000 bp。各种源相互间相似系数为0.653 8～0.951 9,平均0.830 5。引物组合ME1-EM6与ME7-EM7可将31个种源区分开。     

GIS在林业专题制图中的应用

论述了运用于理信息系统软件完成应用遥感技术进行思茅地区样地清查及进行“二项调查”的制衅工作，重点阐明了整个制作过程、成果分析、该注意的几点事项。成果得到相关部门的认可，该方法可应用于林业专题图的制作。     

利用空间信息源编制林业专题图的研究

本文利用ＴＭ卫星影像作为空间信息源,对其进行解译处理,并结合地理信息系统,以林业专题图的编制为应用目的,论述了林业专题图编制的程序、方法、专题处理、各类数据库的建立、专题图输出等环节过程,并给出专题图的实例。